scholarly journals Determination of the Temperature Graph of Heat Supply With Minimal Heat Losses

2021 ◽  
Vol 2131 (3) ◽  
pp. 032107
Author(s):  
T Rafalskaya ◽  
T Filatova
Keyword(s):  
Heat Carrier ◽  
Heat Supply ◽  
Heat Losses ◽  
Central Regulation ◽  
Heating Period ◽  
External Temperature ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Regulatory Documents ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Supply Systems

Abstract Heat losses by pipelines of heat supply systems are calculated for the average temperature of the heat carrier per year or for the heating period for the conditions of a qualitative method of regulating the heat load. The presence of cuts of the temperature graph, the use of other methods of central regulation, are not reflected in the regulatory documents and require special research, which determines the relevance of the work. Heat losses through thermal insulation structures of pipelines have been determined for various graphs of central regulation. Heat losses were determined for each external temperature, taking into account its duration. It is shown that the average linear annual heat losses for most of the graphs correspond to a lower external temperature than the average external temperature for the heating period. Therefore, the calculation must be performed for a higher temperature of the heat carrier than is accepted according to regulatory documents.

scholarly journals INDICATORS THERMAL AND HYDRAULIC MODES OF DISTRIBUTION HEAT NETWORKS

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (163) ◽  
pp. 7-11
Author(s):  
A. Aleksahin ◽  
A. Boblovskii ◽  
K. Miahkokhlib ◽  
Y. Schactnyi
Keyword(s):  
Heat Loss ◽  
Heat Supply ◽  
Heat Losses ◽  
Specific Pressure ◽  
Friction Forces ◽  
Heat Networks ◽  
Pressure Losses ◽  
Central Heating ◽  
Heat Supply Systems ◽  
Supply Systems

The task of heat supply systems is to ensure the quality of services at a minimum cost in the production and transportation of thermal energy. Because the distribution heat networks of district and district systems are characterized by significant branching and significantly longer lengths of heat pipelines compared to the main sections of heating networks, reducing heat loss in these elements of the heating system significantly affects the overall efficiency of district heating. The amount of heat loss depends on the method of laying networks and the diameter of heat pipes, thermal insulation parameters and temperature of the coolant and the environment. Based on the formulas for determining the specific pressure losses to overcome the friction forces obtained from the generalization of these projects of central heating systems of a number of residential districts of Kharkiv, calculated dependences for determining heat losses by supply and return pipelines of the main branches of the heating network. Estimates of accuracy of use of the offered formulas are carried out. The aim of the work is to determine the specific pressure losses for the main branches of heating distribution networks on the basis of generalization of design data for heat supply systems of building groups and clarification of formulas for calculating heat losses by pipelines of central heating distribution system. Based on the generalization of projects for the heating network of residential neighborhoods in Kharkiv, a formula for calculating the specific pressure loss during water movement in the pipelines of the main branches of the heating network depending on the heat load of buildings connected to the branch. Formulas for calculation of heat losses by supply and return pipelines of the main branches of a heating network of the residential district are offered. A comparison of the accuracy of calculations using the proposed formulas with existing methods for determining heat loss in branched heat supply networks, which showed the possibility of using formulas in preliminary assessments of the thermal state of networks.

scholarly journals Sanitation of the buildings of the first mass series in Arkhangels

2018 ◽  
Vol 170 ◽  
pp. 03003
Author(s):  
Nina Brenchukova ◽  
Olga Popova ◽  
Vera Murgul
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Heat Losses ◽  
Heating Period ◽  
Regulatory Documents ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Climatic Features

The aim of the research is to analyze heat losses through the outward enclosing constructions of the buildings of the first mass series before and after the sanitation. As measures for sanitation, walls, ceilings, attic and ground floors were chosen for the insulation, as well as replacement of old wooden windows in polyvinylchloride windows with double-glazed pane, replacement of wooden entrance doors in warmed metal ones. Materials for insulation are chosen in accordance with the climatic features of Arkhangelsk. The calculations were carried out in accordance with the requirements of modern regulatory documents. Based on the obtained data, as well as the duration of the heating period and the current tariff, the amount of savings in thermal energy is determined. This information allows to conclude that the proposed activities are energy-efficient. Savings on heating after sanation: for «Stalin’s serie», will be 272 thousand rubles, for «Khrushchev’s serie» - about 410 thousand rubles and for «Brezhnev’s serie» - 930 thousand rubles in year.

scholarly journals INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF HEAT LOAD CONTROL IN CENTALIZED HEATING NETWORKS

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 29-41
Author(s):  
Alexander Shkarovskiy ◽  
◽  
Anatolii Kolienko ◽  
Vitalii Turchenko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Heat Carrier ◽  
Heat Load ◽  
Heat Supply ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Heat Losses ◽  
Load Control ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
Carrier Temperature ◽  
Heating Networks

The paper presents the results of studies aimed to increase the efficiency of centralized heating networks by improving heat supply control at the plant and at the local level. With this in view, we considered issues of choosing the optimal heat supply schedule and its influence on the efficiency of heat generation, transportation and use, as well as the influence of the heat carrier temperature on heat losses at the corner of the temperature curve. We also studied the influence of the heat carrier temperature in the return pipe of heating networks on the operation of heat generators by using various control methods. Another issue considered in the course of the study was the issue of ensuring the hydraulic and thermal stability of heating networks and heating systems connected to them by using the combined control method. The methodology of the study was based on the analysis of heat balance equations for the steady-state operation of a complex including a heating network and a building’s heating system. As a result, we obtained relationships that make it possible to determine the variation in the heat carrier flow rate and temperature depending on the heat load, as well as the reduction in energy consumption for heat carrier transportation. Recommendations were developed for the introduction of combined heat load control. A scheme for the reconstruction of central heat stations is proposed. The scientific and practical results of the study can be used to prevent significant heat losses, ensure optimal operation of heating networks, heat generators, and heating systems, reduce energy consumption, and increase the overall efficiency of centralized heating networks.

scholarly journals Development of low-pressure electric steam heater

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (8(112)) ◽  
pp. 34-44
Author(s):  
Ali Mekhtiyev ◽  
Iossif Breido ◽  
Rustam Buzyakov ◽  
Yelena Neshina ◽  
Aliya Alkina
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pipe ◽  
Heat Carrier ◽  
Heat Supply ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Heating Element ◽  
Electric Heater ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Steam Heater ◽  
Heat Supply Systems ◽  
Supply Systems

The study was devoted to solving the issue of creating new electric heating devices that can be used in autonomous heat supply systems. The issues were resolved by developing an original low-pressure electric steam heater. The study was aimed at improving the efficiency of heat supply systems for buildings and structures. Given the current trends in the global striving for energy conservation, it cannot be fully realized without the introduction of high-tech and low-energy-consuming electrical equipment. As a result of theoretical studies of a heat pipe with an electric heater, a design of an electrovacuum heating element has been developed. The low-pressure electric steam heater can be used in heat supply systems of autonomous users. Thermal energy transfer is currently accompanied by substantial energy losses since the heat carrier has to pass considerable distances. Switching of the facility to the heating plant is impossible in some cases because of technical problems or significant material costs for laying pipelines. As a result of the study, the dependence of heating the heat pipe at various volumes of the heat carrier and mass of the pipe itself was established. When a certain mass is reached, the temperature of the heating surfaces can reach 70 °C which is considered acceptable. The experimental data obtained have made it possible to develop an electric heater of new generation with a fundamentally new design of the heating element. It combines the efficiency of an electric spiral and comfortable warmth from a traditional radiator. This heater is an explosion and fire-safe and can be integrated into the Smart Home system

scholarly journals Problems of energy efficiency of heat supply systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 114 ◽  
pp. 07002
Author(s):  
Tatyana Rafalskaya
Keyword(s):  
Heat Supply ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Heat Sources ◽  
Central Regulation ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Heat Supply Systems ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Supply Systems

The main task of energy-efficient heat supply is to ensure full compliance between the produced and consumed thermal power, subject to a minimum of reduced costs. To achieve this goal, various methods of central and local regulation are applied. Analysis of the thermal schemes of some cities in Russia showed that most of the heat sources of centralized heat supply systems are not able to support the design hightemperature graphs with central regulation. Therefore, the area of centralized qualitative method of regulation of heat load has decreased substantially. A perspective direction for the further development of heat supply systems is to appeal to the experience of foreign countries, i.e. the use of qualitative-quantitative and quantitative methods of central regulation and low-temperature heat supply. There is also an acute problem of the complete use of heat by consumers, since overstating of the temperature of the return water substantially reduces the efficiency of heat sources. A new formula has been obtained which makes it possible to predict the temperature of the return network water in variable operating modes of heating points. The resulting formula can be used to set up programmable regulators and will allow correcting irrational modes of operation of heat supply systems.

Analyzing the Application of Heat Pump Units in Heat Supply Systems

Vestnik MEI ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-52
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Ya. Shelginsky ◽  
◽  
Igor V. Yakovlev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Heat Supply ◽  
Heat Supply Systems ◽  
Supply Systems
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