scholarly journals INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF HEAT LOAD CONTROL IN CENTALIZED HEATING NETWORKS

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 29-41
Author(s):  
Alexander Shkarovskiy ◽  
◽  
Anatolii Kolienko ◽  
Vitalii Turchenko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Heat Carrier ◽  
Heat Load ◽  
Heat Supply ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Heat Losses ◽  
Load Control ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
Carrier Temperature ◽  
Heating Networks

The paper presents the results of studies aimed to increase the efficiency of centralized heating networks by improving heat supply control at the plant and at the local level. With this in view, we considered issues of choosing the optimal heat supply schedule and its influence on the efficiency of heat generation, transportation and use, as well as the influence of the heat carrier temperature on heat losses at the corner of the temperature curve. We also studied the influence of the heat carrier temperature in the return pipe of heating networks on the operation of heat generators by using various control methods. Another issue considered in the course of the study was the issue of ensuring the hydraulic and thermal stability of heating networks and heating systems connected to them by using the combined control method. The methodology of the study was based on the analysis of heat balance equations for the steady-state operation of a complex including a heating network and a building’s heating system. As a result, we obtained relationships that make it possible to determine the variation in the heat carrier flow rate and temperature depending on the heat load, as well as the reduction in energy consumption for heat carrier transportation. Recommendations were developed for the introduction of combined heat load control. A scheme for the reconstruction of central heat stations is proposed. The scientific and practical results of the study can be used to prevent significant heat losses, ensure optimal operation of heating networks, heat generators, and heating systems, reduce energy consumption, and increase the overall efficiency of centralized heating networks.

scholarly journals Heat Supply Comparison in a Single-Family House with Radiator and Floor Heating Systems

Buildings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Amir Vadiee ◽  
Ambrose Dodoo ◽  
Elaheh Jalilzadehazhari
Keyword(s):  
Heat Supply ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Heat Losses ◽  
Cold Climate ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
Family House ◽  
Flooring Material ◽  
Floor Heating

Floor heating and radiators are two of the most common types of hydronic heating systems used for space heating in single-family houses in cold climate regions. Notwithstanding, there are few comparative studies on indoor temperature distribution and system cost evaluations for radiators and floor heating. Furthermore, there are no aligned outcomes in terms of total heat supply for a single-family house with radiators or floor heating. In this study, the effect of building energy efficiency level and construction type, including flooring material, on the supply heating demand and transmission heat losses were studied for both radiator and floor heating systems. For this purpose, a single-family house located in Växjö, Sweden, was modeled as a case study. The heating demand was supplied with a district heating system with a similar supply temperature at 45 °C for both the radiator and floor heating system. A sensitivity analysis was also performed to assess the effect of flooring configurations on the annual supply heating demand for both conventional and passive versions of the case-study building. The results showed that the radiator-integrated building had a lower supply heating demand in comparison with the floor heating-integrated buildings. Based on the sensitivity studies, the flooring material did not have a significant influence on the supply heating demand and on the transmission heat losses in the case of the radiators. The supply heating demand was only reduced up to 3% if the flooring U-value was improved by 60%. The results also showed that refurbishment in a standard conventional building with a radiator heating system based on the passive criteria led to a 58% annual energy savings, while this amount for a building with a floor heating system was approximately 49%.

scholarly journals Development of engineering calculator for heating systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 263 ◽  
pp. 04001
Author(s):  
Andrei Melekhin
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flow ◽  
Heat Carrier ◽  
Heat Supply ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Heat Energy ◽  
Thermal Loads ◽  
Calculation Algorithm ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Building Projects ◽  
Heating Systems

The author has developed an engineering calculator for calculating the heat flow for heating buildings according to the enlarged parameters of the object. The algorithm of the calculator is based on the method of determining the amount of heat energy and heat carrier in water systems of municipal heat supply. The author carried out a systematic analysis of thermal loads on heating of buildings in Russia according to the data of implemented building projects. With this in mind, new coefficients a, n were calculated to determine the specific heating characteristics of the building for newly constructed buildings. The algorithm for calculating the heating of buildings according to the enlarged parameters of the object is corrected. The calculation algorithm is implemented in the software

scholarly journals Energy-saving potential of heating networks in Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 258 ◽  
pp. 11001
Author(s):  
Natalya Gagulina ◽  
Andrei Zaedinov
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
Heat Supply ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Heat Losses ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Energy Saving Potential ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
The One ◽  
Heating Networks

The paper is devoted to the study and search for solutions to one of the most important problems within the modern Russian economy – the problem of energy saving. The relevance of this topic is due to the unprofitability of the heat supply industry, the one main reasons of which is the unsatisfactory condition of fixed assets. The paper considers the most important element of heat supply: the transfer of heat energy to consumers through the heat network. It has been presented an overview and analysis of the state of heating networks in 2014-2019 on average in Russia and particularly: in Moscow, St. Petersburg, and the Northwestern Federal District. The value of economic losses incurred by heat supply organizations due to heat losses in their heating networks is obtained. In monetary terms, the energy-saving potential was obtained while reducing heat losses in the pipelines up to 4%. For the whole country, this potential amounted to more than 100 billion rubles a year. As the analysis of the experience of foreign countries with similar climatic conditions, such as Denmark, Norway, and Finland, has shown, Russia can significantly increase the efficiency of heat supply through the use of innovative technologies.

Uses of Glass in Architecture: Heat Losses of Buildings Based on Translucent Structures

2014 ◽  
Vol 680 ◽  
pp. 481-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yury Nikitin ◽  
Vera Murgul ◽  
Nikolay Vatin ◽  
Viktor Pukhkal
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
High Heat ◽  
Heat Losses ◽  
Building Envelopes ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
The City

At present time translucent structures have appeared to be the most crucial issues regarding building envelopes in relation to high heat losses in the cold periods of the year. Development of the methods to improve thermal properties of translucent structures is considered to be an up-to-date issue. Heat losses of exhibition halls with varied dimensions ratio and energy consumption of heating systems have been determined for the case of the city of Saint-Petersburg (Russia)

Research on Thermal Optimal Operation Scheduling of Multi-Heat Source Co-Heating System

2013 ◽  
Vol 663 ◽  
pp. 717-721
Author(s):  
Zhi Gang Zhou ◽  
Peng Wang ◽  
Ping Hua Zou
Keyword(s):  
Heat Source ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Main Trend ◽  
General Process ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
Optimal Dispatch ◽  
Technical And Economic Analysis ◽  
Operation Scheduling ◽  
Heating Networks

Multi-heat source co-heating networks have become the main trend of future development. However, the research for the thermal optimization and dispatch of multi-heat source co-heating networks is quite few in our country. In this paper, the general process of the optimal dispatch for multi-heat source co-heating systems is proposed, and the mathematical model for optimal thermal dispatch of multi-heat source co-heating systems is established. In addition, formulas and parameter selection method for the typical thermal schemes were given. By taking an actually heating network as an example, procedure and method for some thermal dispatch schemes are provided, and the optimal operating scheme based on technical and economic analysis is given. The method provided in this paper may supply the theoretical basis for operation scheduling of realistic engineering heating network. It is very meaningful for saving energy and improving environment.

scholarly journals METHODS FOR CALCULATING NETWORK PARAMETERS IN REGULATING THE COMPLEX OF WORKS ON MODERNIZATION OF THE HEAT SUPPLY SECTOR

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadiia Yushchenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Supply ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Critical Path ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Heat Energy ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
Network Parameters ◽  
District Heating Systems ◽  
Heating Networks

In Ukraine, where, unlike the countries of the European Union that use district heating systems and have invested more than €80 billion in their modernization over the past 30 years, during 1990-2020 there was no necessary investment in the modernization of district heating systems, especially badly worn out heating systems combined heat and power plants and heating networks, losses of thermal energy in heat sources and networks are the largest in Europe, rational work is needed to further improve the technical level of heat supply systems based on innovative, highly efficient technologies and equipment; reduction of non-production losses of heat energy and fuel consumption; ensuring controllability, reliability, safety and efficiency of heat supply; reducing the negative impact on the environment. And in this case, the planning of works that are significant in terms of volume, cost and time becomes especially relevant to the use of economic and mathematical models and methods existing in the theory of planning and network management, such as the Critical Path Method, Program Evaluation and Review Technique, Graphical Evaluation and Review Technique, which involve working with networks, and related software like Project Standard, Open Plan, Primavera Project Planner, SureTrak Project Manager and others that will help generate invariants of management decisions regarding the sequencing and timing of use limited resources throughout the entire period of the project, dynamically adjust the timing of the start of each type of work, carry out the optimal distribution of funds allocated to the project in terms of reducing the duration of the entire project, analyze the trade-off relationships between p the costs and timing of various works, taking into account the available reserve of time, when it comes to a large number of interrelated works that must be performed in a strict technological sequence, require timing and control in order to achieve the task. The article is devoted to the systematization and review of such methods for calculating network parameters (network graphics) such as analytical, matrix, tabular and with the use of electronic computers (computers). The expediency of adapting them to the practice of effective planning and management of modernization, reconstruction and replacement of technological equipment of heat points and heating networks of heat power enterprises in order to reduce costs in the production, transmission and distribution of heat energy for the implementation of the Energy Strategy of Ukraine for the period up to 2035 is substantiated.

scholarly journals Determination of the Temperature Graph of Heat Supply With Minimal Heat Losses

2021 ◽  
Vol 2131 (3) ◽  
pp. 032107
Author(s):  
T Rafalskaya ◽  
T Filatova
Keyword(s):  
Heat Carrier ◽  
Heat Supply ◽  
Heat Losses ◽  
Central Regulation ◽  
Heating Period ◽  
External Temperature ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Regulatory Documents ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Supply Systems

Abstract Heat losses by pipelines of heat supply systems are calculated for the average temperature of the heat carrier per year or for the heating period for the conditions of a qualitative method of regulating the heat load. The presence of cuts of the temperature graph, the use of other methods of central regulation, are not reflected in the regulatory documents and require special research, which determines the relevance of the work. Heat losses through thermal insulation structures of pipelines have been determined for various graphs of central regulation. Heat losses were determined for each external temperature, taking into account its duration. It is shown that the average linear annual heat losses for most of the graphs correspond to a lower external temperature than the average external temperature for the heating period. Therefore, the calculation must be performed for a higher temperature of the heat carrier than is accepted according to regulatory documents.

scholarly journals Techno-economic and environmental optimization of heat supply systems in urban areas

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (Suppl. 5) ◽  
pp. 1635-1647
Author(s):  
Igor Shesho ◽  
Risto Filkoski ◽  
Done Tashevski
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Model ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Heat Load ◽  
Heat Supply ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Economic Aspects ◽  
District Heating System ◽  
Environmental Aspect ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
Optimal Heating

The present work deals with an optimization model for selection of optimal heating structure in urban areas also considering the environmental aspects. The optimization model was established in order to facilitate the decision making during selection phase of heat sources locations and defining the boundaries of their action at the pre-design phase of heat supply schemes development of settlements. Within the model is performed comparative analysis between ten heating systems, whereas as leading criteria in the comparison procedure are considered heat load density per unit of area, techno-economic aspects, and environmental impact. The optimization result actually defines the optimal heating system type in regard of the heat load density per unit area. The model provides possibility in defining standard values of heat density indicators, according to which can be assessed the economic feasibility of implementing district heating system for the selected urban area. The less value of heat density in the system, the higher specific costs for generation, distribution, and transmission of heat energy. Further-more, the model is applied and verified for the local urban, infrastructural, technical and environmental conditions of the city of Skopje. The process of determination of optimal heating structure has holistic approach, where, beside techno-economic aspects and feasibility, the environmental aspect of different heating systems is considered as a major factor (threat) in air pollution.

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