scholarly journals Evaluating spatial variability of subsurface carbon stock and free-phase gas using ground-penetrating radar and direct measurements in coastal landforms of South-West Indian peatlands

2021 ◽  
Vol 2141 (1) ◽  
pp. 012011
Author(s):  
K Devi ◽  
Shashank Sharma ◽  
Rajesh Nair
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Sand Ridge ◽  
Soil C ◽  
South West ◽  
C Stocks ◽  
Coastal Landforms ◽  
Ground Penetrating

Abstract Organic rich soils (peat) store significant amount of global soil carbon (C) in the form of methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2). Peat soils act as sinks and are a source of greenhouse gases (GHG) which occur in the form of Free Phase Gas in coastal landforms. South-West India has an extensive wetland system and is the primary source of GHG emissions, and CH4, in particular, has high potential to contribute to global climate change. In this scenario, this study sheds light on how SW Indian peatlands contribute to the global carbon cycle. The soil C stock and GHG spatial distribution in three distinct topographic coastal landforms within the peatland region were investigated: site 1, Muthukulam in the wetland boundary; site 2, Ramapuram in the paleo-sand ridge, and site 3, Eruva in the paleo-drainage channel. The combination of non-destructive Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) and direct measurement (coring) in conjunction with the C core analysis helped in building the relationship between the GHG storage in the landforms of varying C stocks. Moreover, Common offset GPR has the ability to image subsurface features, lithological boundaries, coastal landforms, and peat-forming environments. The result from this study depicts the importance of different landforms in the storage of C and GHG in SW Indian peatlands.

scholarly journals Beach-ridge architecture constrained by beach topography and ground-penetrating radar, Itilleq (Laksebugt), south-west Disko, Greenland – implications for sea-level reconstructions.

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 167-179
Author(s):  
Priscila E. Souza ◽  
Aart Kroon ◽  
Lars Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Abrupt Change ◽  
Beach Ridge ◽  
Sediment Grain Size ◽  
Beach Ridges ◽  
Reflection Data ◽  
South West ◽  
Tide Level ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
Reflection Characteristics

Detailed topographic data and high-resolution ground-penetrating radar (GPR) reflection data are presented from the present-day beach and across successive raised beach ridges at Itilleq, south-west Disko, West Greenland. In the western part of the study area, the present low-tide level is well defined by an abrupt change in sediment grain size between the sandy foreshore and the upper shoreface that is characterised by frequently occurring large clasts. The main parts of both fine and large clasts appear to be locally derived. Seaward-dipping reflections form downlap points, which are clearly identified in all beach-ridge GPR profiles. Most of them are located at the boundary between a unit with reflection characteristics representing palaeo-foreshore deposits and a deeper and more complex radar unit characterised by diffractions; the deeper unit is not penetrated to large depths by the GPR signals. Based on observations of the active shoreface regime, large clasts are interpreted to give rise to scattering observed near the top of the deeper radar unit. We regard the downlap points located at this radar boundary as markers of palaeo-low-tide levels. In some places, scattering hyperbolas are more pronounced and frequent than in others, suggesting differences in the occurrence of large boulders.

Three-dimensional architecture and development of Danian bryozoan mounds at Limhamn, south-west Sweden, using ground-penetrating radar

Sedimentology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 695-708 ◽  
Author(s):  
LARS NIELSEN ◽  
ADAM SCHACK VON BROCKDORFF ◽  
MORTEN BJERAGER ◽  
FINN SURLYK
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
South West ◽  
Ground Penetrating

scholarly journals Between Natural and Anthropogenic Coastal Landforms: Insights from Ground Penetrating Radar and Sediment Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 3449
Author(s):  
Yuniarti Ulfa ◽  
Teoh Ying Jia ◽  
Ahmad Munim Che Yaziz ◽  
Dasapta E. Irawan ◽  
Deny J. Puradimaja
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
Apparent Depth ◽  
Depth Of Penetration ◽  
Sediment Analysis ◽  
Coastal Landforms ◽  
Coastal Landform ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
The Impact

Both natural and anthropogenic coastal landforms characterize Penang Island. As years have passed it is a challenge to differentiate the genuineness of landmasses created by natural geological formations or by coastal reclamation projects. An account is given of the environmental impact of solid wastes used for reclaiming land in coastal areas of Penang and of the impact of a major sewage outfall in the western channel. Leaching of heavy metals was shown to be one of the main sources of contamination from solid wastes. This paper presents eight lines of ground penetrating radar (GPR) surveys and sediment analysis to identify the anthropogenic interventions that shaped the urban landscape of Penang Island by excavations, filling, and embankment construction along the coastline and differentiate it from the natural one. The surveys were implemented in two locations, the Batu Ferringhi area, representing the natural coastline, and Persiaran Bayan Indah (the Queensbay Mall area), representing the anthropogenic coastal landform. The apparent depth of penetration that was achieved using a 250-MHz antenna is limited (less than 5 m). The results show between natural and anthropogenic sediment recorded different radar facies. In complement mode, mean grain size distribution, sorting, skewness, and kurtosis graphics of sediment samples from both sites correspond with the GPR data. This technique can likely be applied to the developing coast, where natural and anthropogenic coastal landform data is incomplete, considering future coastline development.

scholarly journals The role of soil in regulation of climate

2021 ◽  
Vol 376 (1834) ◽  
pp. 20210084 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rattan Lal ◽  
Curtis Monger ◽  
Luke Nave ◽  
Pete Smith
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Soil C ◽  
C Cycle ◽  
C Stocks ◽  
C Stock ◽  
Land Use And Management

The soil carbon (C) stock, comprising soil organic C (SOC) and soil inorganic C (SIC) and being the largest reservoir of the terrestrial biosphere, is a critical part of the global C cycle. Soil has been a source of greenhouse gases (GHGs) since the dawn of settled agriculture about 10 millenia ago. Soils of agricultural ecosystems are depleted of their SOC stocks and the magnitude of depletion is greater in those prone to accelerated erosion by water and wind and other degradation processes. Adoption of judicious land use and science-based management practices can lead to re-carbonization of depleted soils and make them a sink for atmospheric C. Soils in humid climates have potential to increase storage of SOC and those in arid and semiarid climates have potential to store both SOC and SIC. Payments to land managers for sequestration of C in soil, based on credible measurement of changes in soil C stocks at farm or landscape levels, are also important for promoting adoption of recommended land use and management practices. In conjunction with a rapid and aggressive reduction in GHG emissions across all sectors of the economy, sequestration of C in soil (and vegetation) can be an important negative emissions method for limiting global warming to 1.5 or 2°C This article is part of the theme issue ‘The role of soils in delivering Nature's Contributions to People’.

REFLECTION COEFFICIENT OF AN ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE IN CONDUCTIVE MEDIA

2018 ◽  
pp. 100-106
Author(s):  
M. S. Sudakova ◽  
M. L. Vladov ◽  
M. R. Sadurtdinov
Keyword(s):  
Reflection Coefficient ◽  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Water Contamination ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Direct And Inverse Problems ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
Ideal Dielectric

Within the ground penetrating radar bandwidth the medium is considered to be an ideal dielectric, which is not always true. Electromagnetic waves reflection coefficient conductivity dependence showed a significant role of the difference in conductivity in reflection strength. It was confirmed by physical modeling. Conductivity of geological media should be taken into account when solving direct and inverse problems, survey design planning, etc. Ground penetrating radar can be used to solve the problem of mapping of halocline or determine water contamination.

Deteksi Bentuk Objek Bawah Tanah Menggunakan Pengolahan Citra B-Scan pada Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR)

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-83
Author(s):  
Rahmayati Alindra ◽  
Heroe Wijanto ◽  
Koredianto Usman
Keyword(s):  
Signal Processing ◽  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Post Processing ◽  
Data Survey ◽  
Ground Penetrating

Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) adalah salah satu jenis radar yang digunakan untuk menyelidiki kondisi di bawah permukaan tanah tanpa harus menggali dan merusak tanah. Sistem GPR terdiri atas pengirim (transmitter), yaitu antena yang terhubung ke generator sinyal dan bagian penerima (receiver), yaitu antena yang terhubung ke LNA dan ADC yang kemudian terhubung ke unit pengolahan data hasil survey serta display sebagai tampilan output-nya dan post  processing untuk alat bantu mendapatkan informasi mengenai suatu objek. GPR bekerja dengan cara memancarkan gelombang elektromagnetik ke dalam tanah dan menerima sinyal yang dipantulkan oleh objek-objek di bawah permukaan tanah. Sinyal yang diterima kemudian diolah pada bagian signal processing dengan tujuan untuk menghasilkan gambaran kondisi di bawah permukaan tanah yang dapat dengan mudah dibaca dan diinterpretasikan oleh user. Signal processing sendiri terdiri dari beberapa tahap yaitu A-Scan yang meliputi perbaikan sinyal dan pendektesian objek satu dimensi, B-Scan untuk pemrosesan data dua dimensi  dan C-Scan untuk pemrosesan data tiga dimensi. Metode yang digunakan pada pemrosesan B-Scan salah satunya adalah dengan  teknik pemrosesan citra. Dengan pemrosesan citra, data survey B-scan diolah untuk didapatkan informasi mengenai objek. Pada penelitian ini, diterapkan teori gradien garis pada pemrosesan citra B-scan untuk menentukan bentuk dua dimensi dari objek bawah tanah yaitu persegi, segitiga atau lingkaran. 

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