scholarly journals Surface water, vegetation, and fire as drivers of the terrestrial Arctic-boreal albedo feedback

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Webb ◽  
Michael M. Loranty ◽  
Jeremy Lichstein
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Albedo Feedback ◽  
Water Vegetation

scholarly journals DETECTING THE SURFACE WATER AREA IN CIRATA DAM UPSTREAM CITARUM USING A WATER INDEX FROM SENTINEL-2

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Suwarsono Suwarsono ◽  
Fajar Yulianto ◽  
Hana Listi Fitriana ◽  
Udhi Catur Nugroho ◽  
Kusumaning Ayu Dyah Sukowati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Water Index ◽  
Index Model ◽  
Normalized Difference Water Index ◽  
Sentinel 2 ◽  
Water Vegetation

This paper describes the detection of the surface water area in Cirata dam,  upstream Citarum, using a water index derived from Sentinel-2. MSI Level 1C (MSIL1C) data from 16 November 2018 were extracted into a water index such as the NDWI (Normalized Difference Water Index) model of Gao (1996), McFeeters (1996), Roger and Kearney (2004), and Xu (2006). Water index were analyzed based on the presence of several objects (water, vegetation, soil, and built-up). The research resulted in the ability of each water index to separate water and non-water objects. The results conclude that the NDWI of McFeeters (1996) derived from Sentinel-2 MSI showed the best results in detecting the surface water area of the reservoir.

scholarly journals Deforestation effects on land surface energy coupling: a data-driven perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 96 ◽  
pp. 02001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Zhu ◽  
R.H. Zong ◽  
T.Y. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Energy Coupling ◽  
Land Surface Water ◽  
Eddy Covariance Measurements ◽  
Quantitative Identification ◽  
Vegetation Activities ◽  
Water Vegetation

Deforestation dramatically alters land surface properties and functions through multiple biogeophysical and biogeochemical pathways. However, a quantitative identification of how deforestation affects local energy-water-vegetation coupling is still challenging. In this study we employed information theory and transfer entropy framework to identify the overall feedback pattern of land surface water-energy-vegetation coupling, using high frequency eddy covariance measurements at forested versus deforested sites. We found that deforestation strengthened the directional influence of atmospheric demand on land surface water flux, and more importantly, deforestation broke the coupling between vegetation activities and local precipitation, which led to a less efficient ecosystem to recycle and maintain water within this system.

scholarly journals Heavy Metal Contamination of Landscape Componets in Surroundings of Closed Mercury Deposit in Malachov (Slovakia) / Kontamince Krajinných Složek Ťěžkými Kovy V Okolí Uzavřeného Dolu Na Rtuť V Malachově (Slovensko)

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-21
Author(s):  
Jana Dadová ◽  
Jiří Kupka ◽  
Peter Barto ◽  
Erika Remešicová ◽  
Tomáš Štrba
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Mercury Contamination ◽  
Total Acidity ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Neutralization Potential ◽  
Order Root ◽  
Food Commodities ◽  
Trout Muscle ◽  
Water Vegetation

Abstract The present study investigates mercury contamination of soil, groundwater, surface water, vegetation and food commodities (fruit, vegetable, mushroom, and fish) close to the abandoned Hg deposit in Malachov, Central Slovakia. The soil was classified as cambi-soil (rendzina). Maximum concentrations of Hg (44.24 ppm) were found in the soil from the area nearby old mining activities in the Veľká Studňa locality. In the groundwater, 0.84 μg.L-1, and in the surface water, even 394 μg.L-1 of Hg content was found. Also plant tissues and mushrooms are Hg-contaminated (in the root of Salix fragilis, the Hg content was 22 mg.kg-1). The Hg concentration decreases in general in the following order: root, branch/stem, and leaf/needle. In the food commodities, the Hg content does not exceed the Slovak law limits. The Hg content in trout muscle (from the local Malachovský brook) is 252 μg.kg-1 and in liver 402 μg.kg-1. The calculation of an AMD formation potential (neutralisation potential, total acidity production, net neutralisation potential) is discussed as well. The value of the total acidity production potential (sensu Sobek et al., 1978) is low (1.562 - 3.125; with exception of a single sample, in which it increased to 9.375). On the other hand, the abundant presence of dolomite rocks causes a high neutralization potential value (up to 812.84). This result suggests that the assumption of the AMD production is excluded and the environmental risk from this viewpoint might be neglected

Application of a Simple Cold Stub to the Direct Observation of Frozen Hydrated Sand

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 212-213
Author(s):  
John M. Wehrung ◽  
Richard J. Harniman
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Direct Observation ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Clay Particles ◽  
Organic Debris ◽  
Rock Formations ◽  
Water Tables ◽  
Permeable Rock ◽  
Natural Means

Water tables in aquifer regions of the southwest United States are dropping off at a rate which is greater than can be replaced by natural means. It is estimated that by 1985 wells will run dry in this region unless adequate artificial recharging can be accomplished. Recharging with surface water is limited by the plugging of permeable rock formations underground by clay particles and organic debris.A controlled study was initiated in which sand grains were used as the rock formation and water with known clay concentrations as the recharge media. The plugging mechanism was investigated by direct observation in the SEM of frozen hydrated sand samples from selected depths.

AN EVALUATION OF SUB-SURFACE WATER QUALITY AROUND BHARUCH-SURAT INDUSTRIAL REGION, GUJARAT, INDIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-220
Author(s):  
SOMNATH SAHA ◽  
◽  
SUKANTA KUMAR SAHA ◽  
TATHAGATA GHOSH ◽  
ROLEE KANCHAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Industrial Region
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