Features of seasonal temperature variations in peat soils of oligotrophic bogs in south taiga of Western Siberia

The long temperature series at Svalbard (Longyearbyen) show large variations and a positive trend since its start in 1912. During this period solar activity has increased, as indicated by shorter solar cycles. The temperature at Svalbard is negatively correlated with the length of the solar cycle. The strongest negative correlation is found with lags 10–12 years. The relations between the length of a solar cycle and the mean temperature in the following cycle are used to model Svalbard annual mean temperature and seasonal temperature variations. Residuals from the annual and winter models show no autocorrelations on the 5 per cent level, which indicates that no additional parameters are needed to explain the temperature variations with 95 per cent significance. These models show that 60 per cent of the annual and winter temperature variations are explained by solar activity. For the spring, summer, and fall temperatures autocorrelations in the residuals exist, and additional variables may contribute to the variations. These models can be applied as forecasting models. We predict an annual mean temperature decrease for Svalbard of °C from solar cycle 23 to solar cycle 24 (2009–20) and a decrease in the winter temperature of °C.

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Adjusting oral oxybutynin medication for hyperhidrosis to reflect seasonal temperature variations

Dermatologic Therapy ◽

10.1111/dth.12615 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. e12615 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Javier del Boz ◽

José Francisco Millán-Cayetano ◽

Pablo García-Montero ◽

Cristina García-Harana ◽

Francisco Rivas-Ruiz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seasonal Temperature ◽

Temperature Variations

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The temperature dependence of organic matter decomposition: seasonal temperature variations turn a sharp short-term temperature response into a more moderate annually averaged response

Global Change Biology ◽

10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02093.x ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 16 (7) ◽

pp. 2117-2129 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

MIKO U. F. KIRSCHBAUM

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Temperature Dependence ◽

Temperature Response ◽

Organic Matter Decomposition ◽

Seasonal Temperature ◽

Short Term ◽

Temperature Variations

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A revised northern soil Hg pool, based on western Siberia permafrost peat Hg and carbon observations

10.5194/bg-2019-483 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Artem G. Lim ◽

Martin Jiskra ◽

Jeroen E. Sonke ◽

Sergey V. Loiko ◽

Natalia Kosykh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Carbon ◽

Carbon Budget ◽

Western Siberia ◽

Mineral Soil ◽

Peat Soils ◽

Run Off ◽

Permafrost Soils ◽

Siberian Permafrost ◽

Soil Hg ◽

Carbon Inventory

Abstract. Natural and anthropogenic mercury (Hg) emissions are sequestered in terrestrial soils over short, annual, to long, millennial time scales, before Hg mobilization and run-off impacts wetland and coastal Ocean ecosystems. Recent studies have used Hg to carbon (C) ratios, RHgC, measured in Alaskan permafrost mineral and peat soils, together with a northern soil carbon inventory, to estimate that these soils contain large amounts, 184 to 755 Gg of Hg in the upper 1 m. However, measurements of RHgC on Siberian permafrost peatlands are largely missing, leaving the size of estimated northern soil Hg budget, and its fate under arctic warming scenarios uncertain. Here we present Hg and carbon data for 6 peat cores, down to mineral horizons at 1.5–4 m depth, across a 1700 km latitudinal (56 to 67° N) permafrost gradient in the Western Siberian lowlands (WSL). Hg concentrations increase from south to north in all soil horizons, reflecting enhanced net accumulation of atmospheric gaseous Hg by the vegetation Hg pump. The RHgC in WSL peat horizons decreases with depth from 0.38 Gg Pg−1 in the active layer to 0.23 Gg Pg−1 in continuously frozen peat of the WSL. We estimate the Hg pool (0 1 m) in the permafrost-affected part of WSL peatlands to be 9.3 ± 2.7 Gg. We review and estimate pan-arctic organic and mineral soil RHgC to be 0.19 and 0.77 Gg Pg−1, and use a soil carbon budget to revise the northern soil Hg pool to be 67 Gg (37–88 Gg, interquartile range (IQR)) in the upper 30 cm, 225 Gg (102–320 Gg) in the upper 1 m, and 557 Gg (371–699 Gg) in the upper 3 m. Using the same RHgC approach, we revise the global upper 30 cm soil Hg pool to contain 1078 Gg of Hg (842–1254 Gg, IQR), of which 6 % (67 Gg) resides in northern permafrost soils. Additional soil and river studies must be performed in Eastern and Northern Siberia to lower the uncertainty on these estimates, and assess the timing of Hg release to atmosphere and rivers.

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The karren peeling off on marbles in Altai (Altai Republic, Russian Federation)

Acta Carsologica ◽

10.3986/ac.v49i1.7197 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 49 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Martin Knez ◽

Tadej Slabe ◽

Mirka Trajanova ◽

Tatiana Akimova ◽

Igor Kalmiykov

Keyword(s):

Carbonate Rocks ◽

Textural Properties ◽

Seasonal Temperature ◽

Chemical Dissolution ◽

Altai Mountains ◽

Altai Republic ◽

Temperature Variations ◽

Peeling Off ◽

Continental Climate ◽

Mineral Constituents

A comparison of karren formation on various rocks under diverse environmental conditions makes an important contribution to our understanding of the formation and development of karst. In this regard, the present study brings a number of new insights through description of the karst development on marbles at the foothills of the Altai Mountains. We studied karst phenomena in the field and in the laboratory where structural-textural properties, mineral composition and quantity of carbonate components were determined. Rivers dissected karst surface and additionally uncovered carbonate rocks. The marble layers are faulted, folded and sheared, consequently containing numerous densely spaced net of discontinuities, which are often parallel. Brittle deformations significantly increased the rocks’ porosity, consequently making it more sensitive to water absorption and freezing thaw effect. Distinct continental climate, with extreme daily and seasonal temperature variations, conditions the pronounced peeling off of the marbles along discontinuities. The diversity of disintegration is conditioned by the massive or oriented structure, cleavage, texture, and type and grain size of the marbles’ mineral constituents. Interaction and alternation of chemical dissolution and mechanical disintegration play the major role on the karren formation and its preservation. The formed karren is mostly destroyed due to peeling off and disintegration of the marbles.

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