Peatland development and paleoclimate records from the Holocene peat archive in the foothills of the Eastern Sayan Mountains

Abstract. Investigations of past climate dynamics rely on accurate and precise chronologies of the employed climate reconstructions. The radiocarbon dating calibration curve (IntCal13) and the Greenland ice core chronology (GICC05) represent two of the most widely used chronological frameworks in paleoclimatology of the past ∼  50 000 years. However, comparisons of climate records anchored on these chronologies are hampered by the precision and accuracy of both timescales. Here we use common variations in the production rates of 14C and 10Be recorded in tree-rings and ice cores, respectively, to assess the differences between both timescales during the Holocene. Compared to earlier work, we employ a novel statistical approach which leads to strongly reduced and yet, more robust, uncertainty estimates. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the inferred timescale differences are robust independent of (i) the applied ice core 10Be records, (ii) assumptions of the mode of 10Be deposition, as well as (iii) carbon cycle effects on 14C, and (iv) in agreement with independent estimates of the timescale differences. Our results imply that the GICC05 counting error is likely underestimated during the most recent 2000 years leading to a dating bias that propagates throughout large parts of the Holocene. Nevertheless, our analysis indicates that the GICC05 counting error is generally a robust uncertainty measurement but care has to be taken when treating it as a nearly Gaussian error distribution. The proposed IntCal13-GICC05 transfer function facilitates the comparison of ice core and radiocarbon dated paleoclimate records at high chronological precision.

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A simple conceptual model to interpret the 100 000 years dynamics of paleo-climate records

Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics ◽

10.5194/npg-17-585-2010 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 17 (5) ◽

pp. 585-592 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

C. S. Quiroga Lombard ◽

P. Balenzuela ◽

H. Braun ◽

D. R. Chialvo

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Power Spectra ◽

Greenland Ice Sheet ◽

Ice Age ◽

Solar Cycles ◽

The Holocene ◽

De Vries ◽

Last Ice Age ◽

Paleoclimate Records ◽

Dominant Frequencies

Abstract. Spectral analyses performed on records of cosmogenic nuclides reveal a group of dominant spectral components during the Holocene period. Only a few of them are related to known solar cycles, i.e., the De Vries/Suess, Gleissberg and Hallstatt cycles. The origin of the others remains uncertain. On the other hand, time series of North Atlantic atmospheric/sea surface temperatures during the last ice age display the existence of repeated large-scale warming events, called Dansgaard-Oeschger (DO) events, spaced around multiples of 1470 years. The De Vries/Suess and Gleissberg cycles with periods close to 1470/7 (~210) and 1470/17 (~86.5) years have been proposed to explain these observations. In this work we found that a conceptual bistable model forced with the De Vries/Suess and Gleissberg cycles plus noise displays a group of dominant frequencies similar to those obtained in the Fourier spectra from paleo-climate during the Holocene. Moreover, we show that simply changing the noise amplitude in the model we obtain similar power spectra to those corresponding to GISP2 δ18O (Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2) during the last ice age. These results give a general dynamical framework which allows us to interpret the main characteristic of paleoclimate records from the last 100 000 years.

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HISTORY OF VEGETATION AND CLIMATE OF THE OKINSKY PLATEAU (EASTERN SAYAN) IN THE HOLOCENE

10.31554/978-5-7925-0604-6-2021-17-19 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 17-19

Author(s):

E. V. Volchatova ◽

E. V. Bezrukova ◽

A. A. Amosova ◽

Maarten van Hardenbroek ◽

N. V. Kulagina

Keyword(s):

The Holocene ◽

History Of Vegetation ◽

History Of ◽

Eastern Sayan ◽

Vegetation And Climate

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Paleoenvironmental proxy records from Lake Hovsgol, Mongolia, and a synthesis of Holocene climate change in the Lake Baikal watershed

Quaternary Research ◽

10.1016/j.yqres.2007.03.008 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 68 (1) ◽

pp. 2-17 ◽

Cited By ~ 92

Author(s):

Alexander A. Prokopenko ◽

Galina K. Khursevich ◽

Elena V. Bezrukova ◽

Mikhail I. Kuzmin ◽

Xavier Boes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lake Baikal ◽

Asian Summer Monsoon ◽

Vegetation Changes ◽

Terrestrial Vegetation ◽

The Holocene ◽

Proxy Records ◽

Lake Hovsgol ◽

Soil Temperatures ◽

Paleoenvironmental Evolution ◽

Paleoclimate Records

AbstractHere we discuss paleoenvironmental evolution in the Baikal region during the Holocene using new records of aquatic (diatom) and terrestrial vegetation changes from Hovsgol, Mongolia's largest and deepest lake. We reconcile previous contradictory Baikal timescales by constraining reservoir corrections of AMS dates on bulk sedimentary organic carbon. Synthesis of the Holocene records in the Baikal watershed reveals a northward progression in landscape/vegetation changes and an anti-phase behavior of diatom and biogenic silica proxies in neighboring rift lakes. In Lake Baikal, these proxies appear to be responsive to annual temperature increases after 6 ka, whereas in Lake Hovsgol they respond to higher precipitation/runoff from 11 to 7 ka. Unlike around Lake Baikal, warmer summers between 6 and 3.5 ka resulted in the decline, not expansion, of forest vegetation around Lake Hovsgol, apparently as a result of higher soil temperatures and lower moisture availability. The regional climatic proxy data are consistent with a series of 500-yr time slice Holocene GCM simulations for continental Eurasia. Our results allow reevaluation of the concepts of ‘the Holocene optimum’ and a ‘maximum of the Asian summer monsoon’, as applied to paleoclimate records from continental Asia.

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Évolution holocène d'une tourbière à pergélisol (Québec nordique)

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b85-152 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 63 (6) ◽

pp. 1104-1121 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Line Couillard ◽

Serge Payette

Keyword(s):

Vegetation Cover ◽

Site Conditions ◽

Vegetation Types ◽

Climatic Warming ◽

Vegetation Development ◽

The Holocene ◽

Peatland Development ◽

Peat Plateaus

The Holocene development of a peat plateau peatland in northern Québec has been reconstructed from present vegetation and buried macrofossil analogues found in peat. This peatland is presently formed by nine morphological units characterized by homogenous site conditions (drainage, topography, and vegetation cover). Seven ombrotrophic and eight minerotrophic vegetation types are found in the peatland, but the ombrotrophic types cover 66% of the peatland surface. Reconstitution of the Holocene peatland development from 3700 BP to present was based on the succession of bryophytes within the morphological units. Between 3200 and 2700 BP, minerotrophic vegetation such as sedge fens, pools, and tamarack woodlands (now locally extinct) dominated the peatland. Peat plateaus and palsas were progressively formed after 2700 BP. The expansion of these units is closely related to several cooling periods that occurred after 2700, 1400, 1100, 700, and 150 BP. Thermokarst pools were created within the peat plateaus around 1100 BP after a burn, and other similar depressions formed around 340 BP and Present because of the recent climatic warming. Plant successions show that long-term vegetation development in the peatland is rather complex and diversified. These successions indicate that peat plateaus gradually developed during the last thousand years in relation with topographical conditions, drainage, vegetation cover, fire, and climate. Palsas were formed more recently than peat plateaus, between 700 and 500 years BP, and around 150 years BP.

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Paleohydrological Implications of Holocene Peatland Development in Northern Michigan

Quaternary Research ◽

10.1016/0033-5894(87)90085-8 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 27 (3) ◽

pp. 297-311 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Norton G. Miller ◽

Richard P. Futyma

Keyword(s):

Water Level ◽

Water Table ◽

Late Holocene ◽

Peat Accumulation ◽

The Holocene ◽

Plant Macrofossil ◽

Rich Fen ◽

Peatland Development ◽

Holocene Climates ◽

Northern Michigan

AbstractSediment, pollen, and plant macrofossil stratigraphies from two small oligotrophic Chamaedaphne-Sphagnum peatlands provide data about local hydrologic changes in northern Michigan during the Holocene. Gleason Bog started about 8000 yr B.P. as a shallow pond that supported rich fen vegetation. After it was partly filled with peat and sand (about 4000 yr B.P.), the vegetation changed to oligotrophic bog. At Gates Bog paludification starting about 3800 yr B.P. caused peat accumulation over sand without an initial pond phase. The onset of peat accumulation at both sites is attributed to a rise in the water table resulting from the onset of cool and moist late Holocene climates. The water table of Gleason Bog is linked to the water level of adjacent Douglas Lake, which may have undergone a simultaneous rise. The results emphasize the individuality of hydrological conditions and hydroseral development in northern Michigan peatlands.

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Tropical Peat and Peatland Development in the Floodplains of the Greater Pamba Basin, South-Western India during the Holocene

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0154297 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. e0154297 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Navnith K. P. Kumaran ◽

Damodaran Padmalal ◽

Ruta B. Limaye ◽

Vishnu Mohan S. ◽

Tim Jennerjahn ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Western India ◽

The Holocene ◽

Tropical Peat ◽

Peatland Development

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A multi-proxy reconstruction of peatland development and regional vegetation changes in subarctic NE Fennoscandia (the Republic of Karelia, Russia) during the Holocene

The Holocene ◽

10.1177/0959683620972795 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 095968362097279

Author(s):

Kirill V Babeshko ◽

Anna Shkurko ◽

Andrey N Tsyganov ◽

Elena E Severova ◽

Mariusz Gałka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vegetation Cover ◽

Environmental Changes ◽

Middle Taiga ◽

Vegetation Changes ◽

Taiga Zone ◽

Subarctic Region ◽

The Holocene ◽

Peat Deposits ◽

Peatland Development ◽

The Republic

A better understanding of past long-term environmental changes in the subarctic region is crucial for mitigation of the possible negative effects of climate warming in this vulnerable region. This study provides a new multi-proxy reconstruction of regional vegetation changes and peatland development for north-eastern Fennoscandia (Russia) during most of the Holocene. To that purpose, we performed plant macrofossil, pollen, testate amoebae, peat humification, loss on ignition and radiocarbon analyses of the peat deposits from a mire around Vodoprovodnoe Lake (the Kindo Peninsula, the Republic of Karelia). Our data indicate that the peat deposits started accumulating before 9147 ± 182 cal. yr. BP. The vegetation cover in the area was mainly typical for the northern taiga zone, except for the period ~7800–5600 cal. yr. BP, when it generally resembled the middle taiga zone. The vegetation cover and peatland were greatly affected by reoccurring fires, which can be partly related to human activity. These events were associated with an increased proportion of birch in the vegetation cover (as a pioneer species) and/or water level decreases. By 600 cal. yr. BP, the peatland and the surrounding vegetation reached its current state and only minor changes had been recorded since that time. Overall, our results suggest a considerable and unexpected role of fires in the postglacial dynamics of subarctic peatlands.

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Greenland ice core evidence of the 79 AD Vesuvius eruption

Climate of the Past Discussions ◽

10.5194/cpd-8-5429-2012 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 8 (6) ◽

pp. 5429-5454

Author(s):

C. Barbante ◽

N. M. Kehrwald ◽

P. Marianelli ◽

B. M. Vinther ◽

J. P. Steffensen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Northern Hemisphere ◽

Volcanic Eruption ◽

Ice Core ◽

Sediment Cores ◽

The Holocene ◽

Annual Layer ◽

Paleoclimate Records ◽

Core Project ◽

Independent Marker

Abstract. Volcanic tephra are indepenent age horizons and can synchronize strata of various paleoclimate records including ice and sediment cores. Before such paleoclimate records can be synchronized, it is essential to first confidently identify individual independent marker horizons. The Greenland Ice Core Project (GRIP) ice core from Central Greenland is often used as a "golden spike" to synchronize Northern Hemisphere paleoclimte records. The Holocene section of the GRIP ice core is dated by multi-parameter annual layer counting, and contains peaks in acidity, SO42− and microparticle concentrations at a depth of 428.4 to 429.6 m, which have not previously been definitively ascribed to a volcanic eruption. Here, we identify tephra particles and determine that volcanic shards extracted from a depth of 429.2 m in the GRIP ice core are likely due to the 79 AD Vesuvius eruption. The chemical compositon of the tephra particles is consistent with the K-phonolitic composition of the Vesuvius juvinile ejecta and differs from the chemical composition of other major eruptions (≥VEI 4) between 50–100 AD.

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Greenland ice core evidence of the 79 AD Vesuvius eruption

Climate of the Past ◽

10.5194/cp-9-1221-2013 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 1221-1232 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

C. Barbante ◽

N. M. Kehrwald ◽

P. Marianelli ◽

B. M. Vinther ◽

J. P. Steffensen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Volcanic Eruption ◽

Ice Core ◽

Sediment Cores ◽

The Holocene ◽

Annual Layer ◽

Volcanic Tephra ◽

Paleoclimate Records ◽

Core Project

Abstract. Volcanic tephra are independent age horizons and can synchronize strata of various paleoclimate records including ice and sediment cores. The Holocene section of the Greenland Ice Core Project (GRIP) ice core is dated by multi-parameter annual layer counting, and contains peaks in acidity, SO42− and microparticle concentrations at a depth of 429.1 to 429.3 m, which have not previously been definitively ascribed to a volcanic eruption. Here, we identify tephra particles and determine that volcanic shards extracted from a depth of 429.3 m in the GRIP ice core are likely due to the 79 AD Vesuvius eruption. The chemical composition of the tephra particles is consistent with the K-phonolitic composition of the Vesuvius juvenile ejecta and differs from the chemical composition of other major eruptions (≥ VEI 4) between 50–100 AD.

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