Effects of oceanographic factors on spatial distribution of Whale Shark in Cendrawasih Bay National Park, West Papua

This study aims to determine the total length and scar condition of the body of whale sharks (Rhincodon typus) in Cendrawasih Bay National Park (TNTC), Papua-Indonesia. Photo-identification was used to identify individuals of the whale shark R. typus based on spot patterns behind the last gill slit of each individual. Photo-identification was also used to determine the scar of the whale shark. The total length of whale sharks were estimated based on the length of a snorkeller (assumed to be 1.6 m) swimming alongside the whale shark. We identified 21 individuals of R. typus. Of these 21 individuals, 14 were new sightings and seven were re-sightings that have been recorded in the previous photo collection database. R. typus ranged in size from 2 to 5 m total length (average 3.78 m, ±0,86, N= 21). Based on their size, all individuals of whale shark were categorized as juvenile. 52% of R. typus identified had scars and 38 % were not and 10% were unknown. The majority of whale sharks had amputation (12 individuals) and abrasion (7 individuals) scars. Scars occurred most often on the caudal fin and dorsal fin, five and four individuals respectively. This information is useful for understanding potential threats and designing better management programmes for R. typus conservation in TNTC.

Download Full-text

Spatial distribution pattern of Tarsius Lariang in lore lindu national park

Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science ◽

10.11591/ijeecs.v13.i2.pp606-614 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 606 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Abdul Rosyid ◽

Yanto Santosa ◽

I Nengah Surati Jaya ◽

M. Bismark ◽

Agus P. Kartono

Keyword(s):

Spatial Distribution ◽

Distribution Pattern ◽

Land Surface ◽

National Park ◽

Spatial Distribution Pattern ◽

Systematic Sampling ◽

Affecting Factors ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Insect Abundance ◽

Lore Lindu National Park

Tarsius lariang (T. lariang) is an endemic species in Lore Lindu National Park (LLNP). Available information regarding T. lariang is limited to only morphological, anatomical, cytogenetic, and voices issues. Knowledge for its geospatial characteristics such as spatial preferences and spatial distribution is rare. The main objective of this study is to identify the spatial distribution pattern of T. lariang in LLNP. An additional objective is to identify the environmental factors affecting its spatial distribution patterns. Field observation for distribution pattern was done at the observation plot that were using systematic sampling with random start. Furthermore, the density estimation in each point was calculated using Triangle Count and Concentration Count method, while insect abundance was estimated using light traps sample data. Finally, spatial pattern was estimated using nearest neighbor index, while the environmental affecting factors were identified by using spatial analysis and correlation analyses. From 45 observation points, the T. lariang distribution pattern was clumped. It is also recognized that the significant factors affecting the spatial distribution were insect abundance, proximity from the commercially utilized land, and land surface temperature.

Download Full-text

Spatial distribution of spruce trees in the nature reserve 'Jankove bare' on mt. Kopaonik

Glasnik Sumarskog fakulteta ◽

10.2298/gsf0900191s ◽

2009 ◽

pp. 191-204

Author(s):

Branko Stajic ◽

Milivoj Vuckovic ◽

Marko Smiljanic

Keyword(s):

Spatial Distribution ◽

Tree Growth ◽

Environmental Conditions ◽

National Park ◽

Nature Reserve ◽

Distance Methods ◽

Study Results

The methodology and applicability of the study of spatial distribution of trees in Serbian forestry have been insufficiently reported and presented. This paper, based on mathematical?statistical principles, analyses the method of spatial distribution of spruce trees in the Nature Reserve 'Jankove Bare' in the National Park 'Kopaonik'. The following methods in the group of distance methods were applied: Kotar's method (1993), T2?method, and the index of distance dispersion (Johnson, Zimmer, 1985). The study results in a pure uneven-aged spruce stand based on all three methods showed that spruce trees are randomly distributed over the stand area. Therefore, environmental conditions in the study stand can be regarded as homogeneous and equally suitable for tree growth, and there are no significant interactions between the trees, which could cause a higher competition between the trees for nutrients, water, etc.

Download Full-text

presence of whale sharks based on oceanographic variations in Cenderawasih Bay National Park, Papua, Indonesia

Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity ◽

10.13057/biodiv/d221129 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (11) ◽

Author(s):

JAFRY FERDINAN Manuhutu ◽

DEWA GEDE RAKA WIADNYA ◽

ABU BAKAR SAMBAH ◽

ENDANG YULI HERAWATI

Keyword(s):

National Park ◽

Additive Model ◽

Environmental Parameters ◽

Analysis Data ◽

Current Speed ◽

Habitat Modeling ◽

Sea Surface ◽

Observation Data ◽

Whale Shark ◽

Whale Sharks

Abstract. Manuhutu JF, Wiadnya DGR, Sambah AB, Herawati EY. 2021. The presence of whale sharks based on oceanographic variations in Cenderawasih Bay National Park, Papua, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 4948-4955. Oceanographic factors have an important role in the study of estimating the distribution of fish resource habitats. Sea Surface Temperature (SST), Sea Surface Chlorophyll (SSC), Current Speed, Sea Surface Height (SSH), and bathymetry are important parameters that have been used in estimating the habitat of certain species. Through analyzing these environmental factors, research on the appearance and distribution of whale shark habitats in the Cenderawasih Bay National Park in Papua, Indonesia, utilized field observation data and satellite imagery. This study applied data on the presence of whale sharks and oceanographic parameter data from satellite recordings during 2019 – 2020. Analysis of the relationship and habitat modeling between the monthly presence of whale sharks and environmental parameters was carried out through the Generalized Additive Model (GAM) statistical approach and spatial analysis through the Geographic Information System approach. In the GAM analysis, data on the presence of whale sharks was used as a response variable. In contrast, the predictor variables consisted of SST, SSC, current speed, SSH, and bathymetric data. The results showed that the highest frequency of whale shark presence occurred in the transitional monsoon, with an average presence of 31.77 ± 4.00 %. The study also showed that all predictors showed a highly significant relationship (P < 0.001) to the number of whale sharks present. SST values range from 30.3 – 31.3 °C, SSC of 0.39 – 0.86 mg/L, the current speed of 0.46 – 0.65 m/s, SSH showed 0.63 to 1.00 cm, and bathymetry between 40 – 50 m . In the GAM model, the SST and SSC parameters were the two most important parameters that affect the presence of whale sharks, followed by SSHD, depth (bathymetry), and current parameters.

Download Full-text