The adsorption effect of three minerals on chemical oxygen demand, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and heavy metals in biogas slurry

This study evaluated the effect of hydraulic retention time on chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total nitrogen (TN) removal in an intermittently aerated constructed wetlands. Two horizontal subsurface-flow constructed wetlands were used: one without aeration and the other aerated intermittently (1 hour with aeration/7 hours without aeration). Both systems were evaluated treating domestic wastewater produced synthetically. The flow rate into the two CWs was 8.6 L day-1 having a hydraulic retention time of 3 days. The results show that the intermittently aerated constructed wetland were highly efficient in removing COD (98.25%), TN (83.60%) and total phosphorus (78.10%), while the non-aerated constructed wetland showed lower efficiencies in the removal of COD (93.89%), TN (48.60%) and total phosphorus (58.66). These results indicate, therefore, that intermittent aeration allows the simultaneous occurrence of nitrification and denitrification processes, improving the removal of TN in horizontal subsurface-flow constructed wetlands. In addition, the use of intermittent aeration also improves the performance of constructed wetlands in removing COD and total phosphorus.

Download Full-text

Performance of a baffled facultative pond treating piggery wastes

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2002.0007 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 45 (1) ◽

pp. 49-53 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

C.T. Zanotelli ◽

W. Medri ◽

P. Belli Filho ◽

C.C. Perdomo ◽

M.R. Mulinari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽

Removal Efficiency ◽

Total Nitrogen ◽

Total Phosphorus ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Faecal Coliforms ◽

The West ◽

West Region ◽

Removal Efficiencies ◽

Water Hyacinths

This paper shows the performance of a baffled facultative pond for the treatment of piggery wastes. The full-scale system is composed of an equalizer, one decanter (DP), two anaerobic ponds (LA1 and LA2), one facultative pond (LF), with five baffles, and one maturation pond with water hyacinths (LAG). The studies were conducted over a 12 month period in the west region of Santa Catarina, Brazil. The system was supplied daily with a volume of 3 m3/day of farm wastes. A good performance of the treatment system was obtained with average removal efficiencies of 98% for chemical oxygen demand, 93% for total solids, 98% for total phosphorus, 92% for total nitrogen, 7 log units of faecal coliforms and 5 log units of total coliforms. The facultative pond performed well, removing 43% of the chemical oxygen demand, 47% of total nitrogen and 54% of total phosphorus. It was found that the first baffle in the facultative pond was mainly responsible for the efficiency of this pond, and compared with another study the introduction of the baffles improved the removal efficiency by 20% for total phosphorus.

Download Full-text

A Two Bioreactor Treating Brewery Wastewater

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.113-116.1138 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 113-116 ◽

pp. 1138-1142 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Edith I. Madukasi ◽

Gaung Ming Zhang

Keyword(s):

Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽

Total Nitrogen ◽

Total Phosphorus ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

High Energy ◽

Brewery Wastewater ◽

Two Stage ◽

Dark Incubation

A two stage bioreactor was employed in bioremediation study of laboratory simulated brewery wastewater. Two weeks anaerobic dark incubation of the artificial brewery wastewater without external seeding resulted in an effluent with 138mgl-1VFA; the chemical oxygen demand decreased from 10,000 to 7,814mgl-1 total nitrogen and total phosphorus recorded 18.63 and 18.95% reductions. Further treatment of the anaerobic effluent with a photobacterium named Z08, reduced both the pollutants (COD, TN, TP) and high energy molecules (VFA) significantly by 36.8, 67.5, 27.0, and 60% respectively. Addition of 200mgl-1 NH2-CO-NH2 to the effluent yielded the best result, reducing COD, TN, TP and VFA by 67.5, 68.9, 34.2 and 82%.

Download Full-text

Leachate tertiary treatment using wetlands cultivated with oilseeds

Revista Eletrônica em Gestão Educação e Tecnologia Ambiental ◽

10.5902/2236117038519 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 23 ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

João Antônio Monteiro Florênço ◽

Lucas Zanon Scherolt ◽

Viviane Trevisan ◽

Everton Skoronski

Keyword(s):

Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽

Total Nitrogen ◽

Total Phosphorus ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Chemical Fertilizer ◽

Tertiary Treatment ◽

Liquid Chemical ◽

The City

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of the wetlands cultivated with sunflower and soybean in the removal of Chemical Oxygen Demand, ammonia, nitrate, nitrite, total phosphorus and Kjeldahl Total Nitrogen (KTN) of the treated leachate from the landfill treatment plant of the city of Lages / SC. It was also analyzed the plants development as a function of the effluent applied in the wetlands compared to wetlands irrigated with chemical fertilizer. The wetlands were operated in batch with hydraulic retention times (HRT) of 2 and 4 days, receiving treated slurry in concentrations of 10 and 25% and liquid chemical fertilizer (5 ml / L). In the tests carried out with HRT of 4 days only the concentrations of COD and of ammonia were analyzed. After 4 months, the plants size was measured to verify their growth. In the tests carried out with the soybean there was no germination of the seeds. In both HRT tested, a greater removal of phosphorus, ammonia, nitrite and KTN was observed when 25% concentration of leachate. It was observed that the sunflower plants showed a higher size when cultivated in wetlands operated with HRT of 4 days and that they received the treated leachate in the concentration of 10%.

Download Full-text

Study on the Decontamination Effect of Biochar-Constructed Wetland under Different Hydraulic Conditions

Water ◽

10.3390/w13070893 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

pp. 893

Author(s):

Chuanjie Xing ◽

Xiangxi Xu ◽

Zhenghe Xu ◽

Rongzhen Wang ◽

Lirong Xu

Keyword(s):

Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽

Constructed Wetlands ◽

Total Nitrogen ◽

Total Phosphorus ◽

Constructed Wetland ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Ammonia Nitrogen ◽

Removal Rates ◽

Hydraulic Conditions ◽

Hydraulic Load

To explore the purification effect of biochar-constructed wetlands on rural domestic sewage, six types of biochar-constructed wetlands were constructed for experiments. Under different hydraulic conditions, the removal effects of each biochar-constructed wetland on chemical oxygen demand, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus in sewage were analyzed. The results showed that the removal rates of the four types of pollutants in each biochar-constructed wetland first increased and then decreased with the increase in hydraulic retention time, and the optimal hydraulic retention time range was 36–48 h. The highest removal rates of chemical oxygen demand, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus in the wetland were 97.34 ± 0.84%, 95.44 ± 1.29%, 98.95 ± 0.52%, and 97.78 ± 0.91%, respectively. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal rate of each biochar-constructed wetland increased first, then decreased with the increase in hydraulic load, and the optimal hydraulic load was 10 cm/d. The removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus of each biochar-constructed wetland gradually weakened with the increase in hydraulic load, and the optimal hydraulic load range was between 5 and 10 cm/d. Under these conditions, the highest removal rates of chemical oxygen demand, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus in the wetland were 92.15 ± 2.39%, 98.32 ± 0.48%, 96.69 ± 1.26%, and 92.62 ± 2.92%, respectively. Coconut shell and shell-constructed wetlands with the highest proportion of biochar in the matrix have the best removal effect on pollutants under different hydraulic conditions, and the wastewater purification effect is stronger, indicating that the addition of biochar is helpful for the removal of pollutants in constructed wetlands.

Download Full-text

Feasibility of wastewater resource recovery using pilot-scale membrane reactor with long-term operation

Energy & Environment ◽

10.1177/0958305x18802782 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 30 (4) ◽

pp. 662-671

Author(s):

Emmanuel A Odey ◽

Kaijun Wang ◽

Zifu Li ◽

Abdulmoseen S Giwa ◽

Bodjui O Abo

Keyword(s):

Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽

Total Nitrogen ◽

Total Phosphorus ◽

Membrane Reactor ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Resource Recovery ◽

Pilot Scale ◽

Solid Retention Time ◽

Average Value ◽

Biogas Recovery

With the growing interest in resource recovery from wastewater, research has been put forward to realize this aim using different approaches. Here, we considered several conditions necessary for the experiment, with the primary goal of recovering concentrates suitable for biogas recovery and water reuse through the pilot-scale membrane reactor (PSMR). The new concept enables the feasibility of recovering permeates and concentrates directly from the PSMR. From the results obtained, permeate chemical oxygen demand was within 20 mg/L to 38 mg/L; the total nitrogen yielded an average value of 22.14 ± 3.53 mg/L; ammonia yielded an average value of 13.34 ± 1.18 mg/L; and the total phosphorus presented a value of 0.46 ± 0.32 mg/L. Permeates recovered from the experiment feature potential use for agriculture, groundwater, and lake recharge, as the chemical oxygen demand, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and ammonia contents are low and acceptable for these purposes. Concentrates from two days of solid retention time ranged from 6050 mg/L to 10,000 mg/L, which was suitable for anaerobic digestion for biogas recovery. A further experiment is suggested to enable the removal of more ammonia, total phosphorus, and total nitrogen in permeate to enable its use for a domestic purpose.

Download Full-text

Analysis and investigation of the third drainage ditch pollution situation in Ningxia based on multivariate statistics

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202014502082 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 145 ◽

pp. 02082

Author(s):

Linfeng Tian

Keyword(s):

Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽

Multivariate Statistics ◽

Total Nitrogen ◽

Total Phosphorus ◽

Water Environment ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Ammonia Nitrogen ◽

Drainage Ditch ◽

The Third ◽

Social Statistics

This article takes the third drainage ditch in Ningxia as the research object, and uses the multivariate statistics method to analyze the interrelationship between the four major pollutants at nine regional points in the main pollution ditch section of the third drainage ditch throughout the year from the perspective of time and space, to improve the water environment quality. SPSS (Social Statistics Software Package) is used to analyze chemical oxygen demand, total phosphorus, total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, and index of major pollutants of permanganate. The research results show that the main pollutants and the degree of pollution affecting the water quality of the third drainage ditch are: total nitrogen> ammonia nitrogen> total phosphorus> chemical oxygen demand. At the end of San’er, ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen were the most polluted. At the Dawukou section of San’er, the chemical oxygen demand and total phosphorus were the heaviest.

Download Full-text

Digestate Liquid Fraction Treatment with Filters Filled with Recovery Materials

Water ◽

10.3390/w13010021 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 21

Author(s):

Ilaria Piccoli ◽

Giuseppe Virga ◽

Carmelo Maucieri ◽

Maurizio Borin

Keyword(s):

Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽

Total Nitrogen ◽

Liquid Fraction ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Ammonia Nitrogen ◽

Green Technology ◽

Filling Material ◽

Community Interactions ◽

Material Particle ◽

N Removal

Constructed wetlands (CWs) represent a green technology for digestate liquid fraction (DLF) treatment. However, previous research has warned about their performance when treating wastewater with high suspended solid and organic loads. In addition, the high NH4-N concentration typical of this wastewater can compromise vegetation establishment and activity. In view of this, a digestate pretreatment is needed. This study aimed to test the performance of filters filled with recovery materials, such as brick and refractory material, for DLF pretreatment. The effect on DLF physical (electrical conductivity, pH, dissolved oxygen, and temperature) and chemical (total nitrogen, ammonia–nitrogen, nitrate–nitrogen, total phosphorus, soluble phosphorus, and chemical oxygen demand) characteristics was monitored during eight weekly cycles. The effect of filtration on total nitrogen and ammonia–nitrogen removal began after about one month of loading, suggesting that an activation period is necessary for bacteria. For effective N removal, the presence of multiple digestate recirculations per day through the filters appears mandatory to guarantee the alternation of nitrification and denitrification conditions. For P removal, filling material particle size appeared to be more important than its composition. Unclear performances were observed considering chemical oxygen demand. Further studies on filling media and microbial community interactions, and the long-term efficiency of filters, are desirable.

Download Full-text

Quality of surface water related to land use: a case study in a catchment with small farms and intensive vegetable crop production in southern Brazil

Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo ◽

10.1590/s0100-06832014000200030 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 38 (2) ◽

pp. 656-668 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Karina Hacke Ribeiro ◽

Nerilde Favaretto ◽

Jeferson Dieckow ◽

Luiz Cláudio de Paula Souza ◽

Jean Paolo Gomes Minella ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Electrical Conductivity ◽

Land Use ◽

Surface Water ◽

Total Nitrogen ◽

Total Phosphorus ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Lower Percentage ◽

Native Forest ◽

Particulate Nitrogen

Water degradation is strongly related to agricultural activity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of land use and some environmental components on surface water quality in the Campestre catchment, located in Colombo, state of Parana, Brazil. Physical and chemical attributes were analyzed (total nitrogen, ammonium, nitrate, total phosphorus, electrical conductivity, pH, temperature, turbidity, total solids, biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand and dissolved oxygen). Monthly samples of the river water were taken over one year at eight monitoring sites, distributed over three sub-basins. Overall, water quality was worse in the sub-basin with a higher percentage of agriculture, and was also affected by a lower percentage of native forest and permanent preservation area, and a larger drainage area. Water quality was also negatively affected by the presence of agriculture in the riparian zone. In the summer season, probably due to higher rainfall and intensive soil use, a higher concentration of total nitrogen and particulate nitrogen was observed, as well as higher electrical conductivity, pH and turbidity. All attributes, except for total phosphorus, were in compliance with Brazilian Conama Resolution Nº 357/2005 for freshwater class 1. However, it should be noted that these results referred to the base flow and did not represent a discharge condition since most of the water samples were not collected at or near the rainfall event.

Download Full-text