scholarly journals Introduction of components of rice varieties technology in waterlogged land in Kendal Central Java

2021 ◽  
Vol 724 (1) ◽  
pp. 012113
Author(s):  
M N Setiapermas ◽  
S Minarsih
Keyword(s):  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Central Java

scholarly journals PATHOTYPE PROFILE OF Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae ISOLATES FROM THE RICE ECOSYSTEM IN JAVA

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suparyono Suparyono ◽  
Sudir Sudir ◽  
Suprihanto Suprihanto
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Xanthomonas Oryzae ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
Bacterial Disease ◽  
West Java ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Rice Ecosystem

At present, bacterial leaf blight of rice caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae is highly damaging to rice production in Indonesia as most of the existing commercial rice varieties are susceptible to the existing  pathotypes of the bacteria. To solve  such problems, varietal rotation should be based on information on the existence and dominance of local pathotypes in a particular rice ecosystem. To obtain this information, a total of 117 isolates of X. oryzae pv. oryzae, collected from West Java, Central Java, and Yogyakarta, were evaluated for their pathotype variation on five differential rice varieties during the dry season of 2000. When disease severity was < 10%, the reaction was classified as resistant (R) and when > 11%, was susceptible (S). The data indicated that 3.42% of the isolates were pathotype III, 12.82% were pathotype IV, and 83.76% were pathotype VIII. In West Java, the bacterial pathotypes III, IV, and VIII were 4.94%, 14.81%, and 80.25%, respectively. In low elevation areas, 4.94%, 9.88%, and 45.68% were pathotypes III, IV, and VIII, respectively and in medium areas, 4.94% were pathotypes IV and 34.57% were pathotype VIII. In Central Java, no pathotype III was found, while pathotypes IV and VIII were as much as 4.52% and 90.48%, respectively. In low elevation areas, no pathotypes III was recovered, and a total of 9.53% and 76.19% were identified as pathotypes IV and VIII, respectively, and in medium areas only pathotype VIII (14.29%) was identified. In Yogyakarta, pathotypes IV and VIII were found. In low elevation areas, 6.67% and 93.33% were pathotypes IV and VIII, respectively and in medium areas, 14.29% and 85.71% were pathotypes IV and VIII, respectively. The data indicated that variation in pathotype composition over different locations was obvious and locally specific resistant varieties to the disease are needed in the management of this important bacterial disease in rice.

scholarly journals Rice Farming in Central Java, Indonesia—Adoption of Sustainable Farming Practices, Impacts and Implications

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 881
Author(s):  
Melanie Connor ◽  
Annalyn H. de Guia ◽  
Arlyna Budi Pustika ◽  
Sudarmaji ◽  
Mahargono Kobarsih ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Technology Adoption ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Rice Farming ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Farmer Decision Making

Farmer adoption of sustainable rice farming technologies and practices is critical for climate change adaptation and mitigation. Often adoption is investigated in isolation focusing on factors influencing farmer decision making and overlooking the effects of technology adoption on farmers’ livelihoods and perceptions of change. Therefore, the present study investigated technology adoption and its effects on farmers with a special focus on additional revenue allocation and perception of social, economic and environmental change. Using a digital survey platform, 153 farmers (21.6% female) were interviewed in three sub-districts of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. On average, farmers adopted two technologies or practices, adopted high-yielding rice varieties, and increased their revenue from US$105 to US$122 per hectare per season. Barriers to adoption included time constraints, unsuitability for field conditions and incompatibility with cropping systems. Farmers invested the extra income in farming business and improved diets. Furthermore, farmers perceived changes in social and human capital and also poverty reduction due to technology adoption. This study highlights the importance of including an analysis of social impact in agricultural research.

scholarly journals Virulence of Brown Planthopper and Development of Core Collection of the Pest

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Chaerani Chaerani ◽  
Diani Damayanti ◽  
Trisnaningsih Trisnaningsih ◽  
Siti Yuriyah ◽  
Kusumawaty Kusumanegara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Core Collection ◽  
Brown Planthopper ◽  
Current Status ◽  
West Java ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Central Java ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Differential Varieties

Brown planthopper is the most important rice pest in Indonesia. Its high adaptability to feed and reproduce on previously introduced resistant varieties to form more virulent population often causes BPH outbreak and hopperburn that lead to total crop yield loss. Rice breeding for resistant to BPH requires information on the current status of BPH virulences in the fields to anticipate the virulence adaptation on new varieties. The objectives of this study were to investigate the degree of virulence of BPH populations and to cluster the BPH virulence to form BPH core collection. Thirteen BPH populations collected from paddy fields in six provinces (Banten, West Java, Central Java, East Java, South Kalimantan, and South Sulawesi) in 2011 and 2013 were tested on 10 differential rice varieties and seven host varieties of BPH populations, using the standard seedbox screening technique. Based on resistance reaction of four differential varieties (TN1, Mudgo, ASD7, and Rathu Heenathi), most BPH populations were identified as more virulent than biotype 4 (T1, Banten, PG, West Java; BY, East Java; B2 and B3, South Kalimantan; X1 and X3, South Sulawesi), four populations were biotype 4 (JWDL, Central Java; SD, East Java; X2 and X4, South Sulawesi), and one population each was biotype 3 (T2, Banten) and biotype 2 (S1, West Java). Populations X1 and B3 showed broad virulences to all varieties, whereas T2 was the least virulent. BPH field’s population had evolved into more virulence than biotype 4. Genotype resistance screening should use the BPH of this virulence population. Five BPH clusters which were further divided into 10 subclusters representing differential virulence toward 10 differential varieties were present in the tested BPH. Each virulence cluster was characterized by its ability to overcome four to eight single or double resistant genes. This BPH virulence core collection can be used in the characterization studies of candidate for resistant varieties or to form near-isogenic lines, or to study the insect and rice plant interaction.

Emisi Gas Rumah Kaca dan Hasil Gabah dari Tiga Varietas Padi pada Lahan Sawah Tadah Hujan Bersurjan

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mulyadi Mulyadi ◽  
A. Wihardjaka
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Rice Field ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Cattle Manure ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Rainfed Rice ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Bed Position

The alternating dry and flooded bedding system (Surjan) optimizes land availability, by integrating food crop culture in the lower bed and annual crops in the upper bed position, of the rainfed rice field. Rainfed rice productivity is generally low, to increase its productivity rice culture should integrate the management of crop, water and nutrients. Rice field is regarded as greenhouse gas sources, especially methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2). Field experiment was conducted in the rainfed rice field in Pati, Central Java, to determine GHGs emission and grain yield from three rice varieties, applied with cattle manure, planted in the rainfed rice field, using alternating beds system. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with three replicates and six treatments of the combination of cattle manure application and rice varieties. The rates of cattle manure were 5 and 30 t/ha, while rice varieties were Inpari 1, Inpari 6, Ciherang. Data observed included grain yield, soil pH, fluxes of CO2 and CH4. Combination of Inpari 6 with 5 t/ha cattle manure emitted GHGs higher than combination of Inpari 6 with 30 t/ha cattle manure, while GHGs emission from combination of Ciherang with 5 t/ha cattle manure was lower than combination of Ciherang with 30 t/ha cattle manure. Variety Inpari 1 emitted the lowest GHGs, both from the combination of 5 t/ha and of 30 t/ha. The average grain yield of Inpari 1, Inpari 6, and Ciherang in the rainfed lowland rice each was 6.27, 6.01, and 5.70 t/ha, respectively. The GHGs releases from the rice variety roots depend on the availability of organic matter in the soil that is used as energy source for GHGs forming microbes.

scholarly journals Effects of Interaction between New Rice Varieties and Plant Spacing to Productivity of Rice

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 245
Author(s):  
Ikhwani -
Keyword(s):  
Rice Variety ◽  
Growth Characteristic ◽  
The Other ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Rice Productivity ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Rice Yields ◽  
Equal Spacing

The most effective method to increase rice productivity in one location is to adapt the best combination between the high yielding rice variety and the optimum plant spacing. The objectives of this experiment to observe plant growth characteristic of each high yielding rice variety under each plant spacing to increase rice productivity. Field experiment was conducted at Toroh Regency, Grobogan District, Central Java during 2014 dry season. Treatments were arranged according to a split plot design, with three replications. The main plots (Plant spacings), namely T1- Equal spacing/Tegel 25 cm x 25 cm; T2- Legowo 2:1 (25---50) cm x 12,5 cm; T3- legowo 4:1 empty (25 – 50) cm x 12,5 cm dan T4- legowo 4:1 full (25 – 50) cm x 12,5 cm. The sub plots (variety): Ciherang, Inpari 10, Inpari 15 and Inpari 16.<br />The yields of the rice varieties in this experiment are highly significantly different. It was found one introduced variety produced higher yield than Ciherang, namely Inpari 16 (5.93 + 0.43 ton 14% dry grain/ha). The two other introduced varieties (Inpari 10 and Inpari 15), produced 5.03 + 0.19 and 5.00 + 0.22 ton 14% dry grain/ha, the same or slightly lower than Ciherang. The highest yield occurred when Inpari 16 planted using Legowo 4 : 1 empty, namely 6.57 ton 14% dry grain/ha, consistently produces higher yield than the other varieties do at each plant spacing treatment. Rice yields of Ciherang were relatively more stable under different plant spacings compared with the other varieties. Inpari 10 at harvest stage having 19 tillers per hill under equal spacing 25 cm x 25 cm, decreased to 12 tillers per hill under Legowo 4 : 1 full. Ciherang with the medium size of grains have 1000 grain weight of 23.9 gram, and Inpari 10 25.3 gram. Based on the results of this experiment it is concluded that Inpari 16 planted under Jajar Legowo 4 : 1 empty (25 – 50) cm x 12.5 cm is the best. However, it is suggested to be evaluated acceptability by the local farmers.

scholarly journals Methane flux from high-yielding Inpari rice varieties in Central Java, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Anicetus Wihardjaka ◽  
Eni Yulianingsih ◽  
Hesti Yulianingrum
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Tiller Number ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Root Aerenchyma

<p>Rice cultivation is a source of greenhouse gas emissions, particularly methane (CH<sub>4</sub>). One of the factors that affect CH<sub>4</sub> emissions from rice fields is rice cultivar. In this study, a field experiment was conducted to determine CH<sub>4</sub> emissions from various high-yielding inbred varieties and the relationship between CH<sub>4</sub> emissions and rice growth parameters. The field experiment was conducted in Jaken, Pati Regency, Central Java province, during the wet season of 2014/2015. The experiment was arranged using a randomized block design with three replications and several cultivar treatments (Inpari 13, 18, 19, 20, 23, 24, 29, 30, 31, 32, and 33, with Ciherang as the comparison cultivar). The data collected includes CH<sub>4</sub> flux, plant height, tiller number, biomass, grain yield, and root aerenchyma area. The CH<sub>4</sub> flux was measured at several critical growth stages. The Inpari 24, Inpari 13, and Inpari 19 demonstrated CH<sub>4</sub> emissions reduced by as much as 36.1%, 32.8%, and 21.3%, respectively, compared to Ciherang. The Inpari 13 and Inpari 24 varieties had significantly lower emission indices than Ciherang and the other Inpari varieties, with 17 and 20 g CH<sub>4</sub> per 1 kg grain yield, respectively. CH<sub>4</sub> flux was found to correlate significantly with tiller number per hill, total biomass, and root aerenchyma area at the panicle initiation growth stage.</p>

scholarly journals PATHOTYPE PROFILE OF Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae ISOLATES FROM THE RICE ECOSYSTEM IN JAVA

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Suparyono Suparyono ◽  
Sudir Sudir ◽  
Suprihanto Suprihanto
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Xanthomonas Oryzae ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
Bacterial Disease ◽  
West Java ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Rice Ecosystem

At present, bacterial leaf blight of rice caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae is highly damaging to rice production in Indonesia as most of the existing commercial rice varieties are susceptible to the existing  pathotypes of the bacteria. To solve  such problems, varietal rotation should be based on information on the existence and dominance of local pathotypes in a particular rice ecosystem. To obtain this information, a total of 117 isolates of X. oryzae pv. oryzae, collected from West Java, Central Java, and Yogyakarta, were evaluated for their pathotype variation on five differential rice varieties during the dry season of 2000. When disease severity was &lt; 10%, the reaction was classified as resistant (R) and when &gt; 11%, was susceptible (S). The data indicated that 3.42% of the isolates were pathotype III, 12.82% were pathotype IV, and 83.76% were pathotype VIII. In West Java, the bacterial pathotypes III, IV, and VIII were 4.94%, 14.81%, and 80.25%, respectively. In low elevation areas, 4.94%, 9.88%, and 45.68% were pathotypes III, IV, and VIII, respectively and in medium areas, 4.94% were pathotypes IV and 34.57% were pathotype VIII. In Central Java, no pathotype III was found, while pathotypes IV and VIII were as much as 4.52% and 90.48%, respectively. In low elevation areas, no pathotypes III was recovered, and a total of 9.53% and 76.19% were identified as pathotypes IV and VIII, respectively, and in medium areas only pathotype VIII (14.29%) was identified. In Yogyakarta, pathotypes IV and VIII were found. In low elevation areas, 6.67% and 93.33% were pathotypes IV and VIII, respectively and in medium areas, 14.29% and 85.71% were pathotypes IV and VIII, respectively. The data indicated that variation in pathotype composition over different locations was obvious and locally specific resistant varieties to the disease are needed in the management of this important bacterial disease in rice.

scholarly journals PENGARUH SISTEM PENGELOLAAN AIR DAN VARIETAS TERHADAP HASIL PADI DAN EMISI GAS RUMAH KACA DI LAHAN TADAH HUJAN

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Ali Pramono ◽  
Terry Ayu Adriani ◽  
Prihasto Setyanto
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
N2o Emissions ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Closed Chamber ◽  
Continuous Flooding ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Factor Ii ◽  
Ch4 And N2o

Rice field is an important role in sustainable national food security, rice production contributes to greenhouse gas emissions significantly, especially methane (Ch4). Some of these efforts to reduce GHG emissions in the paddy field has been done, such as water and fertilizer management, using low methane emission of rice varieties. The main objective of this study was to determine the effect of water management systems and rice varieties on grain yield and GHG emissions. The study was conducted at the Experimental Research Station of IAERI, Pati, Central Java in March to June 2016. The study design was a split plot with the factor I water management (A1 = Flooded 5 cm and A2 = Alternate Wetting and Drying / AWD), factor II rice varieties (V1 = Ciherang, V2 = Inpari 30, V3 = IPB3S), and replicated 3 times. GHG measurement was conducted using a closed chamber. The parameters were observed mainly CH4 and N2O fluxes, Eh and pH, water level surface, plant height and tiller number, grain and yield components. The results showed that the highest grain yields was A2V1 -1 treatment (AWD and Ciherang variety) amounted to 3.26 tons ha . The lowest of CH4 emissions was A2V1 treatment (AWD and Ciherang variety). N2O emissions produced the lowest in treatment A2V3 (AWD and IPB3S variety). The highest of GHG emissions was A1V3 treatment (continuous flooding and IPB3S variety). The lowest of GHG emissions was A2V1 treatment (AWD and Ciherang variety). The lowest emissions index was A2V2 treatment (AWD and Inpari 30 variety). AWD treatment could reduce GHG emissions of Ciherang, Inpari 30 and IPB3S rice varieties by 42%, 46%, and 30% compared to continuous flooding, respectively.  

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