scholarly journals Characters of Precipitation Change in Heilongjiang from 2000 to 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 859 (1) ◽  
pp. 012102
Author(s):  
Yinxin Wan ◽  
Zijie Sang
Keyword(s):  
2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lan Yong-Chao ◽  
Xiao Hong-Lang ◽  
Hu Xing-Lin ◽  
Ding Hong-Wei ◽  
Zou Song-Bing ◽  
...  

2018 ◽  
Vol 159 ◽  
pp. 209-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Fronzek ◽  
Nina Pirttioja ◽  
Timothy R. Carter ◽  
Marco Bindi ◽  
Holger Hoffmann ◽  
...  

2017 ◽  
Vol 198 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.L. Sanchez ◽  
A. Merino ◽  
P. Melcón ◽  
E. García-Ortega ◽  
S. Fernández-González ◽  
...  

2015 ◽  
Vol 56 (70) ◽  
pp. 79-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Engelhardt ◽  
Thomas V. Schuler ◽  
Liss M. Andreassen

AbstractThis study evaluates sensitivities of glacier mass balance and runoff to both annual and monthly perturbations in air temperature and precipitation at four highly glacierized catchments: Engabreen in northern Norway and Ålfotbreen, Nigardsbreen and Storbreen, which are aligned along a west–east profile in southern Norway. The glacier mass-balance sensitivities to changes in annual air temperature range from 1.74 m w.e. K−1 for Ålfotbreen to 0.55 m w.e. K−1 for Storbreen, the most maritime and the most continental glaciers in this study, respectively. The runoff sensitivities of all catchments are 20–25% per degree temperature change and 6–18% for a 30% precipitation change. A seasonality of the sensitivities becomes apparent. With increasing continentality, the sensitivity of mass balance and runoff to temperature perturbations during summer increases, and the sensitivity of annual runoff to both temperature and precipitation perturbations is constricted towards changes during the ablation period. Comparing sensitivities in northern and southern Norway, as well as the variability across southern Norway, reveals that continentality influences sensitivities more than latitude does.


2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Behrangi ◽  
Mark Richardson

Utilizing reanalysis and high sensitivity W-band radar observations from CloudSat, this study assesses simulated high-latitude (55–82.5°) precipitation and its future changes under the RCP8.5 global warming scenario. A subset of models was selected based on the smallest discrepancy relative to CloudSat and ERA-I reanalysis using a combined ranking for bias and spatial root mean square error (RMSE). After accounting for uncertainties introduced by internal variability due to CloudSat’s limited four year day-night observation period, RMSE provides greater discrimination between the models than a typical mean state bias criterion. Over 1976–2005 to 2071–2100, colder months experience larger fractional modelled precipitation increases than warmer months, and the observation-constrained models generally report a larger response than the full ensemble. For everywhere except the Southern Hemisphere (SH55, for 55–82.5°S) ocean, the selected models show greater warming than the model ensemble while their hydrological sensitivity (fractional precipitation change with temperature) is indistinguishable from the full ensemble relationship. This indicates that local thermodynamic effects explain much of the net high-latitude precipitation change. For the SH ocean, the models that perform best in the present climate show near-median warming but greater precipitation increase, implying a detectable contribution from processes other than local thermodynamic changes. A Taylor diagram analysis of the full CMIP5 ensemble finds that the Northern Hemisphere (NH55) and SH55 land areas follow a “wet get wetter” paradigm. The SH55 land areas show stable spatial correlations between the simulated present and future climate, indicative of small changes in the spatial pattern, but this is not true of NH55 land. This shows changes in the spatial pattern of precipitation changes through time as well as the differences in precipitation between wet and dry regions.


2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 1499-1519 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Dallmeyer ◽  
M. Claussen

Abstract. Using the general circulation model ECHAM5/JSBACH, we investigate the biogeophysical effect of large-scale afforestation and deforestation in the Asian monsoon domain on present-day and mid-Holocene climate. We demonstrate that the applied land cover change does not only modify the local climate but also change the climate in North Africa and the Middle East via teleconnections. Deforestation in the Asian monsoon domain enhances the rainfall in North Africa. In parts of the Sahara summer precipitation is more than doubled. In contrast, afforestation strongly decreases summer rainfall in the Middle East and even leads to the cessation of the rainfall-activity in some parts of this region. Regarding the local climate, deforestation results in a reduction of precipitation and a cooler climate as grass mostly has a higher albedo than forests. However, in the core region of the Asian monsoon the decrease in evaporative cooling in the monsoon season overcompensates this signal and results in a net warming. Afforestation has mainly the opposite effect, although the pattern of change is less clear. It leads to more precipitation in most parts of the Asian monsoon domain and a warmer climate except for the southern regions where a stronger evaporation decreases near-surface temperatures in the monsoon season. When prescribing mid-Holocene insolation, the pattern of local precipitation change differs. Afforestation particularly increases monsoon rainfall in the region along the Yellow River which was the settlement area of major prehistoric cultures. In this region, the effect of land cover change on precipitation is half as large as the orbitally-induced precipitation change. Thus, our model results reveal that mid- to late-Holocene land cover change could strongly have contributed to the decreasing Asian monsoon precipitation during the Holocene known from reconstructions.


2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (45) ◽  
pp. 11465-11470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadir Jeevanjee ◽  
David M. Romps

Global climate models robustly predict that global mean precipitation should increase at roughly 2–3%K−1, but the origin of these values is not well understood. Here we develop a simple theory to help explain these values. This theory combines the well-known radiative constraint on precipitation, which says that condensation heating from precipitation is balanced by the net radiative cooling of the free troposphere, with an invariance of radiative cooling profiles when expressed in temperature coordinates. These two constraints yield a picture in which mean precipitation is controlled primarily by the depth of the troposphere, when measured in temperature coordinates. We develop this theory in idealized simulations of radiative–convective equilibrium and also demonstrate its applicability to global climate models.


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