Quality control of closed-cell metal foam produced by direct foaming

Abstract Metal foam is light in weight and exhibits an excellent impact absorbing capability. Laser forming has emerged as a promising process in shaping metal foam plates into desired geometry. While the feasibility and shaping mechanism has been studied, the effect of the laser forming process on the mechanical properties and the energy absorbing behavior in particular of the formed foam parts has not been well understood. This study comparatively investigated such effect on as-received and laser formed closed-cell aluminum alloy foam. In quasi-static compression tests, attention paid to the changes in the elastic region. Imperfections near the laser irradiated surface were closely examined and used to help elucidate the similarities and differences in as-received and laser formed specimens. Similarly, from the impact tests, differences in deformation and specific energy absorption were focused on, while relative density distribution and evolution of foam specimens were numerically investigated.

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Interaction of a shock wave with a closed cell aluminum metal foam

Combustion Explosion and Shock Waves ◽

10.1134/s0010508215030144 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 51 (3) ◽

pp. 373-380 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

M. D. Goel ◽

Ph. Altenhofer ◽

V. A. Matsagar ◽

A. K. Gupta ◽

Ch. Mundt ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Shock Wave ◽

Metal Foam ◽

Aluminum Metal ◽

Closed Cell

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Processing and Development of a New High Strength Metal Foam

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-851-nn11.4 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 851 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

A. Rabiei ◽

Adrian T. O'Neill ◽

Brian P. Neville

Keyword(s):

Compressive Strength ◽

Composite Materials ◽

Powder Metallurgy ◽

Hollow Sphere ◽

Metal Foam ◽

Cell Structure ◽

Powder Metallurgy Method ◽

Casting Technique ◽

Closed Cell ◽

Foam Composite

ABSTRACTThe research sited in this paper involves the development of new closed cell metal foam composite materials using powder metallurgy (PM) and gravity casting techniques. The foam is comprised of steel hollow spheres packed into a random dense arrangement, with the interstitial space between spheres occupied with a solid metal matrix. Using a casting technique, an aluminum alloy infiltrates the interstitial spaces between steel spheres. In a powder metallurgy method, steel spheres and iron powder are sintered to form a solid, closed cell structure. The measured densities of the Al-Fe composite foam and iron foam are 2.4 g/cm3 and 3.2 g/cm3, with relative densities of 42% and 41% respectively.The hollow sphere metal foam composite materials developed in this study displayed superior compressive strength as compared to hollow sphere foams currently being produced. The compressive strength of the cast Al-Fe foam averaged 67 MPa over a region of 10 to 50% strain, while the steel PM foam averaged 45 MPa over the same strain region. Densification began at approximately 50% for the cast foam and 55% for the PM foam.

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X-ray and finite element analysis of deformation response of closed-cell metal foam subjected to compressive loading

Journal of Instrumentation ◽

10.1088/1748-0221/8/02/c02012 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 8 (02) ◽

pp. C02012-C02012 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

O Jiroušek ◽

T Doktor ◽

D Kytýř ◽

P Zlámal ◽

T Fíla ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Finite Element Analysis ◽

Finite Element ◽

Metal Foam ◽

Compressive Loading ◽

Element Analysis ◽

X Ray ◽

Deformation Response ◽

Closed Cell

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Metal Foam Analysis Based on CT Layers

Acta Materialia Transilvanica ◽

10.2478/amt-2018-0020 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 57-60

Author(s):

Tamás Antal Varga ◽

Tamás Mankovits

Keyword(s):

Metal Foam ◽

Foam Cells ◽

Metal Foams ◽

Aluminium Foam ◽

Geometrical Modelling ◽

Foam Model ◽

Closed Cell

Abstract The geometrical modelling of metal foams remains one of the greatest challenges facing researchers in the field. In this paper the analysis of the inner structure of closed-cell aluminium foam - an essential part of the construction of an idealized foam model - is presented. With the application of special purpose software the properties of the foam cells can be mapped precisely and the results applied to the development of idealized foam geometry constructed in CAD applications.

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Structural analysis and its statistical evaluation of a closed-cell metal foam

International Review of Applied Sciences and Engineering ◽

10.1556/irase.5.2014.2.5 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 135-143 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

T. Mankovits ◽

I. Budai ◽

G. Balogh ◽

A. Gábora ◽

I. Kozma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Finite Element ◽

Metal Foam ◽

Complex Geometry ◽

Structural Information ◽

Metal Foams ◽

Element Analysis ◽

Widespread Application ◽

3D Cad ◽

Analysis Process ◽

Closed Cell

The development of an efficient procedure for 3d modeling and finite element simulation of metal foams is one of the greatest challenges for engineer researchers nowadays. Creating 3d CAD model is alone a demanding engineering task due to its extremely complex geometry, and the proper finite element analysis process is still in the center of the research. The increasingly widespread application of the metal foams, e.g. in vehicle and medical industry, requires this knowledge in the design phase. A closed-cell metal foam is studied using different analyzing methods where the aim is to collect information about the composition and geometry (structure) that is satisfactory for the later research. Using statistical methods microscopic, X-ray and surface analyzing studies on the specimens produced according to the concerning standard are evaluated. The main goal of this part of the project is to obtain structural information and to determine the homogeneity or the in-homogeneity property of the metal foam specimens taken from different locations.

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Development and Validation of Material Models for Closed-Cell Metal Foam for Impact Simulation

Proceedings of the Twelfth International Conference on Computational Structures Technology ◽

10.4203/ccp.106.89 ◽

2014 ◽

Author(s):

O. Jirousek ◽

P. Zlamal ◽

P. Koudelka ◽

T. Fila

Keyword(s):

Metal Foam ◽

Material Models ◽

Impact Simulation ◽

Closed Cell ◽

Development And Validation

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Simulation and modeling of different cell shapes for closed-cell LM-13 alloy foam for compressive behavior

International Journal of Nonlinear Sciences and Numerical Simulation ◽

10.1515/ijnsns-2021-0026 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Karan Singh Verma ◽

Sanjay Panthi ◽

Dehi Pada Mondal

Keyword(s):

Relative Density ◽

Energy Absorption ◽

Metal Foam ◽

Absorption Capacity ◽

Simulation Software ◽

Fe Model ◽

Compressive Behavior ◽

Closed Cell ◽

Compressive Performance ◽

Cell Shapes

Abstract In the present investigation, a two-dimensional (2D) finite element (FE) model of closed-cell AlSi12Mg1Cu1 alloy foam (AAFs) of 0.35 relative density of different cell shapes, i.e., square, hexagonal, octagonal, and circular shaped cell established with the help of ABAQUS simulation software. Experimentation is also done for 0.35 relative density metal foam to report its compressive behavior. The plateau stress σ p l $\left(\right.{\sigma }_{pl}$ ) and energy absorption capacity (E ab) of AAFs (ρ rd = 0.35) properties are calculated from the plotted stress–strain graph and a significant effect of cell shape on compressive performance observed. By SEM characterization, it was noted that the experimental specimen also had near circular cells. The strength and energy absorption values are calculated for square-shape, circular-shaped, octagonal-shaped, and hexagonal-shaped cells in descending order from maximum to minimum. A convergence study is also carried out concerning the number of elements to obtain the most accurate FE results.

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