scholarly journals RADIO CONTINUUM OBSERVATIONS OF THE GALACTIC CENTER: PHOTOEVAPORATIVE PROPLYD-LIKE OBJECTS NEAR SGR A*

2015 ◽  
Vol 801 (2) ◽  
pp. L26 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Yusef-Zadeh ◽  
D. A. Roberts ◽  
M. Wardle ◽  
W. Cotton ◽  
R. Schödel ◽  
...  
1980 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 177-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. van der Hulst

During the last few years detailed and sensitive observations of the radio emission from the nuclei of many normal spiral galaxies has become available. Observations from the Very Large Array (VLA) of the National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO1), in particular, enable us to distinguish details on a scale of ≤100 pc for galaxies at distances less than 21 Mpc. The best studied nucleus, however, still is the center of our own Galaxy (see Oort 1977 and references therein). Its radio structure is complex. It consists of an extended non-thermal component 200 × 70 pc in size, with embedded therein several giant HII regions and the central source Sgr A (˜9 pc in size). Sgr A itself consists of a thermal source, Sgr A West, located at the center of the Galaxy, and a weaker, non-thermal source, Sgr A East. Sgr A West moreover contains a weak, extremely compact (≤10 AU) source. The radio morphology of several other galactic nuclei is quite similar to that of the Galactic Center, as will be discussed in section 2. Recent reviews of the radio properties of the nuclei of normal galaxies have been given by Ekers (1978a,b) and De Bruyn (1978). The latter author, however, concentrates on galaxies with either active nuclei or an unusual radio morphology. In this paper I will describe recent results from the Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope (WSRT, Hummel 1979), the NRAO 3-element interferometer (Carlson, 1977; Condon and Dressel 1978), and the VLA (Heckman et al., 1979; Van der Hulst et al., 1979). I will discuss the nuclear radio morphology in section 2, the luminosities in section 3, and the spectra in section 4. In section 5 I will briefly comment upon the possible implications for the physical processes in the nuclei that are responsible for the radio emission.


1989 ◽  
Vol 136 ◽  
pp. 159-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. R. Anantharamaiah ◽  
Farhad Yusef-Zadeh

Preliminary results of a systematic survey of H78α, H91α and H98β emission from the inner 40′ of the Galactic center region are presented. This region consists of two prominent continuum features, the Sgr A complex and the radio continuum Arc. In spite of much nonthermal emission arising from these two features, we detected strong line emission with large line widths in more than half of the observed 130 positions. Many of the detections are new, in particular −50 km s−1 ionized gas linking the Sgr A complex and the Arc, β line emission from GO.1+0.08 (the arched filaments), and α line emission from the loop-like structures which surround the non-thermal filaments near G0.2−0.05. We find that much of the detected lines are probably associated with the −50 km s−1 and the 20 km s−1 molecular clouds, known to lie near the Galactic center. We present line profiles of a number of Galactic center sources including Sgr B1, Sgr C and Sgr D.


2021 ◽  
Vol 922 (2) ◽  
pp. 254
Author(s):  
Gerald Cecil ◽  
Alexander Y. Wagner ◽  
Joss Bland-Hawthorn ◽  
Geoffrey V. Bicknell ◽  
Dipanjan Mukherjee

Abstract MeerKAT radio continuum and XMM-Newton X-ray images have recently revealed a spectacular bipolar channel at the Galactic Center that spans several degrees (∼0.5 kpc). An intermittent jet likely formed this channel and is consistent with earlier evidence of a sustained, Seyfert-level outburst fueled by black hole accretion onto Sgr A* several Myr ago. Therefore, to trace a now weak jet that perhaps penetrated, deflected, and percolated along multiple paths through the interstellar medium, relevant interactions are identified and quantified in archival X-ray images, Hubble Space Telescope Paschen α images and Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array millimeter-wave spectra, and new SOAR telescope IR spectra. Hydrodynamical simulations are used to show how a nuclear jet can explain these structures and inflate the ROSAT/eROSITA X-ray and Fermi γ-ray bubbles that extend ± 75° from the Galactic plane. Thus, our Galactic outflow has features in common with energetic, jet-driven structures in the prototypical Seyfert galaxy NGC 1068.


1998 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 229-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl M. Menten ◽  
Mark J. Reid

AbstractWe have discovered maser emission from SiO and H2O molecules toward a number of evolved stars within the central parsec of our Galaxy. The maser positions can be registered with milliarcsecond precision relative to the radio continuum emission of the nonthermal Galactic center source Sgr A*. Since the masing stars are prominent infrared sources, our data can be used to locate the position of Sgr A* on infrared images of the Galactic center region. Using VLBA observations it will be possible to measure proper motions of the maser stars, which can be used to put constraints on the mass distribution in the central parsec.


1989 ◽  
Vol 136 ◽  
pp. 443-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Yusef-Zadeh ◽  
Mark Morris ◽  
Ron Ekers

Sub-arcsecond (down to 0.1″ × 0.2″) radio continuum observations using the VLA2 in a number of configurations have been carried out in order to investigate the fine-scale morphological details of the ionized gas and the distribution of spectral index along the triskelian-shaped figure of Sgr A West. In addition to finding a number of isolated patches of thermally-emitting gas and an absorbing feature at λ6cm within three arcminutes of the Galactic center, we have observed:1) radio continuum emission from IRS-7, implying that the stellar wind from this supergiant is externally ionized. An improved position for this object was obtained.2) the circular mini-cavity located along the east-west bar of Sgr A West. This feature has a diameter of 2-arcseconds and may have been created by a spherical wind, the source of which is yet to be identified; the seemingly most plausible candidate, IRS-16, is offset by 3″ from the center of the cavity.Spectral index maps having a resolution of 0.7″ × 0.3″ were made from scaled array observations at λ2cm and 6cm. They show that the eastern arm has a spectral index near −0.1, while the northern arm and the bar have positive spectral indices, indicating perhaps a partial opacity effect. The spectral index of IRS-7 is +0.6, consistent with that expected from a completely ionized stellar wind.


1989 ◽  
Vol 136 ◽  
pp. 151-155
Author(s):  
R. Genzel ◽  
G. J. Stacey ◽  
C. H. Townes ◽  
A. Poglitsch ◽  
N. Geis

We have made 55″ resolution maps of the 158 μm [CII] emission line in the region of the curved, thermal filaments and the +20 / +50 kms−1 molecular clouds in Sgr A. The [CII] emission is spatially well correlated with the radio continuum in the filaments. The large intensity of the [CII] radiation excludes shocks as the origin of the ionization and we conclude that the curved filaments are most likely photo-ionized HII regions at the surface of dense molecular clouds. Our [CII] maps of the +20 / +50 kms−1 clouds indicate that the +50 kms−1 cloud is close to (<10pc) Sgr A west while the more massive +20 kms−1 cloud is at a greater distance from the center (>30pc).


1989 ◽  
Vol 136 ◽  
pp. 287-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Yusef-Zadeh ◽  
C. M. Telesco ◽  
R. Decher

We have used the 20-pixel IR camera to observe thermal IR emission from dust associated with the radio continuum Arc near the Galactic center and the cluster of HII regions in the immediate vicinity of Sgr A East. We detected strong 10μm emission from the eastern and western arched filaments (G0.1+0.08), from an unusual pistol-shaped structure known as G0.15–0.05 and from the brightest member of the Sgr A East HII region. Spatial maps of these features at 10μm with a resolution of 4.1″ × 4.2″ are presented and are compared with 5-GHz radio images. We find a general spatial correlation between the ionized gas and the dust distributions. The ratio of IR to radio flux densities is significantly different in the eastern and western arched filaments, which suggests that the source of heating has a softer spectrum along the eastern arched filaments. In addition, the ratio of IR to radio flux densities, which is typically ~10 in normal Galactic HII regions excited by O stars, is at least a factor of two higher than this value in almost all the sources we have observed. This suggests that additional mechanisms other than trapped Lymanαradiation should be present in heating the dust, e.g. stochastic heating of small dust grains by energetic particles associated with the nonthermal filaments.


1989 ◽  
Vol 136 ◽  
pp. 407-410
Author(s):  
M.C.H. Wright ◽  
J. M. Marr ◽  
D. C. Backer

We report aperture synthesis observations of the HCO+ and HCN J=1–0 molecular lines towards the Galactic center. These data complement existing HCN data and trace a dense molecular ring surrounding the ionized central 2 pc of the Galaxy. The new data are consistent with the model of a clumpy, almost complete ring which is inclined to the line of sight at 50 to 75 degrees. The same structure is seen in HCO+ and in HCN with the exception of an HCN feature at 60 to 100 km/s in the western part of the ring, which is not detected in HCO+ emission. The HCN and HCO+ are collisionally excited in clumps with densities around 10 cm and volume filling factor 1/3 to 1/30. H13 CN emission from the ring was detected at about 1/7 of the intensity of the HCN; the latter is optically thick and is mapping a combination of surface density and excitation temperature. The HCO+ emission shows deep absorption features associated with galactic structure along the line of sight. Absorption features corresponding to the 3 kpc arm, the inner disk and an expanding ring at −195 km/s can be seen in absorption against the Sgr A radio continuum.


2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (S303) ◽  
pp. 147-149
Author(s):  
L. O. Sjouwerman ◽  
Y. M. Pihlström

AbstractWe report on the detection of 36 and 44 GHz Class I methanol (CH3OH) maser emission in the Sagittarius A (Sgr A) complex with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA). These VLA observations show that the Sgr A complex harbors at least three different maser tracers of shocked regions in the radio regime. The 44 GHz masers correlate with the positions and velocities of previously detected 36 GHz CH3OH masers, but less with 1720 MHz OH masers. Our detections agree with theoretical predictions that the densities and temperatures conducive for 1720 MHz OH masers may also produce 36 and 44 GHz CH3OH maser emission. However, many 44 GHz masers do not overlap with 36 GHz methanol masers, suggesting that 44 GHz masers also arise in regions too hot and too dense for 36 GHz masers to form. This agrees with the non-detection of 1720 MHz OH masers in the same area, which are thought to be excited under even cooler and less dense conditions. We speculate that the geometry of the 36 GHz masers outlines the current location of a shock front.


2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (S303) ◽  
pp. 464-466
Author(s):  
M. Rickert ◽  
F. Yusef-Zadeh ◽  
C. Brogan

AbstractWe analyze a high resolution (114″ × 60″) 74 MHz image of the Galactic center taken with the Very Large Array (VLA). We have identified several absorption and emission features in this region, and we discuss preliminary results of two Galactic center sources: the Sgr D complex (G1.1–0.1) and the Galactic center lobe (GCL).The 74 MHz image displays the thermal and nonthermal components of Sgr D and we argue the Sgr D supernova remnant (SNR) is consistent with an interaction with a nearby molecular cloud and the location of the Sgr D Hii region on the near side of the Galactic center. The image also suggests that the emission from the eastern side of the GCL contains a mixture of both thermal and nonthermal sources, whereas the western side is primarily thermal.


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