Smoking and Race Associated with Decreased Breastfeeding Initiation and Duration Among a Low Income Population

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Schindler-Ruwisch ◽  
Amira Roess ◽  
Rebecca C. Robert ◽  
Doris Kuehn ◽  
Emily Woody ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Breastfeeding Initiation ◽  
Low Income Population

The Impact of a Prenatal Education Video on Rates of Breastfeeding Initiation and Exclusivity during the Newborn Hospital Stay in a Low-income Population

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 152-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann L. Kellams ◽  
Kelly K. Gurka ◽  
Paige P. Hornsby ◽  
Emily Drake ◽  
Mark Riffon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Breastfeeding Initiation ◽  
Prenatal Education ◽  
Low Income Population ◽  
Breastfeeding Rates ◽  
Low Income Women ◽  
The Impact

Background: Guidelines recommend prenatal education to improve breastfeeding rates; however, effective educational interventions targeted at low-income, minority populations are needed as they remain less likely to breastfeed. Objective: To determine whether a low-cost prenatal education video improves hospital rates of breastfeeding initiation and exclusivity in a low-income population. Methods: A total of 522 low-income women were randomized during a prenatal care visit occurring in the third trimester to view an educational video on either breastfeeding or prenatal nutrition and exercise. Using multivariable analyses, breastfeeding initiation rates and exclusivity during the hospital stay were compared. Results: Exposure to the intervention did not affect breastfeeding initiation rates or duration during the hospital stay. The lack of an effect on breastfeeding initiation persisted even after controlling for partner, parent, or other living at home and infant complications (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 1.05, 95% CI, 0.70-1.56). In addition, breastfeeding exclusivity rates during the hospital stay did not differ between the groups ( P = .87). Conclusion: This study suggests that an educational breastfeeding video alone is ineffective in improving the hospital breastfeeding practices of low-income women. Increasing breastfeeding rates in this at-risk population likely requires a multipronged effort begun early in pregnancy or preconception.

Competition and Commercialisation of Microfinance Institutions: Implications for the Sector

Think India ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Joyeeta Deb
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Development Programme ◽  
Microfinance Institutions ◽  
Dependent Development ◽  
Social Mission ◽  
Low Income Population ◽  
Development Institutions ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Intensity Of Competition ◽  
Theoretical Standpoint

Until 1990s microfinance was mainly seen as an impact – driven development programme based on the support of government and private donors. However, the failure of many subsidy dependent development institutions advocated for microfinance institutions to be self-sufficient and sustainable. This prompted MFIs to be commercially oriented and profit motivated. Also, with the growing proliferation of new providers of microcredit and influx of commercial investment in the sector, there is an increasing intensity of competition in the sector. Increased competition coupled with commercialisation helped in integrating the low-income population into a more formal financial system. But critics view that, this process has led the MFIs to search for better off clientele, thereby in many cases, departing from their social mission. Increasing competition followed by saturation in the sector has led to the mission drift of MFIs and has become a major cause of concern globally. However, some view this process to be a “win-win’ scenario whereby there exists scope for widening outreach and attaining sustainability. The present paper is devoted to examine the process of commercialisation and gauge the potential impact of competition and commercialisation of microfinance institutions on MFI performance from a theoretical standpoint.

Social support reduces the risk of unintended pregnancy in a low‐income population

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hartley Feld ◽  
Sheila Barnhart ◽  
Amanda T. Wiggins ◽  
Kristin Ashford
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Unintended Pregnancy ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Low Income Population

scholarly journals AB0968 DIAGNOSIS OF INFLAMMATORY BACK PAIN (IBP) IN A LOW-INCOME POPULATION USING ASAS IBP DEFINITION

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1779.4-1779
Author(s):  
J. Oliveira ◽  
R. Nunes ◽  
G. Da Silva ◽  
I. Nogueira ◽  
A. Azevedo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Back Pain ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Smoking Prevalence ◽  
Inflammatory Back Pain ◽  
Clinical Practices ◽  
Research Support ◽  
Low Literacy ◽  
Prevalence Data ◽  
First Report ◽  
Low Income Population

Background:Inflammatory back pain (IBP) is an important entry criterion for identifying patients with axial spondyloarthritis. Due to the very frequent prevalence of chronic non-inflammatory back pain (CBP), IBP is difficult to differentiate and recognize in many clinical practices. CBP is a frequent diagnosis in populations with low socioeconomic status.Objectives:To investigate whether IBP ASAS definition help discriminate from CBP in a low-income population.Methods:A total of 202 consecutive individuals were directly interviewed in Fortaleza/Brazil, for the prevalence of IBP (ASAS definition), monthly family income (US$), school education [>/≤ 8 school-years(SY)], and smoking habit (present/absent). People from all social levels were included.Results:Mean age was 38.9±12.9 years, 100 (49.5%) were male and 36 (17.8%) were smokers; 135 (66.8%) declared less than 730US$ family earnings per month and 71 (35.1%) had less than 8 SY. Although 122 (60.3%) declared lumbar pain, in comparison, 29 (14.3%), 22 (10.9%) and 59 (29.2%) fulfilled ASAS, Berlin, and Calin’s IBP criteria, respectively. There were 39 (58.02%) vs. 83 (61.5%) with vs. without CBP and 9 (13.4%) vs. 20 (14.8%) fulfilling vs. not fulfilling the ASAS IBP definition among those with more or less than 730US$ earnings (P>0.05), respectively.Conclusion:This is the first report on the prevalence of IBP in a very low-income population. Over one-third had less than 8SY, revealing very low literacy. Smoking prevalence was also low if compared to 28% smoking prevalence WHO estimates across Europe*. These IBP prevalence data are similar to those reported in wealthier populations, living in higher latitude. Data suggest that ASAS IBP definition may be used to discriminate patients with IBP from those with CBP, regardless of income and literacy.References:This is the first report on the prevalence of IBP in a very low-income population. Over one-third had less than 8SY, revealing very low literacy. Smoking prevalence (17.8%) was also low if compared to 28% smoking prevalence WHO estimates across Europe*. These IBP prevalence data are similar to those reported in wealthier populations, living in higher latitude. Data suggest that ASAS IBP definition may be used to discriminate patients with IBP from those with CBP, regardless of income and literacy.Disclosure of Interests:Jobson Oliveira: None declared, Rodolfo Nunes: None declared, Guilherme da Silva: None declared, Igor Nogueira: None declared, Artur Azevedo: None declared, Xenofon Baraliakos Grant/research support from: Grant/research support from: AbbVie, BMS, Celgene, Chugai, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, UCB and Werfen, Consultant of: AbbVie, BMS, Celgene, Chugai, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, UCB and Werfen, Speakers bureau: AbbVie, BMS, Celgene, Chugai, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, UCB and Werfen, Airton Rocha Speakers bureau: Not related to the present work

scholarly journals The determinants of commuting satisfaction in low-income population: A case study of Xi’an, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 272-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Runing Ye ◽  
Helena Titheridge
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Low Income Population

scholarly journals Doula Care Supports Near-Universal Breastfeeding Initiation among Diverse, Low-Income Women

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 378-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katy B. Kozhimannil ◽  
Laura B. Attanasio ◽  
Rachel R. Hardeman ◽  
Michelle O'Brien
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Breastfeeding Initiation ◽  
Low Income Women

Characteristics of the Low-Income Population and Related Federal Programs.

1956 ◽  
Vol 51 (276) ◽  
pp. 698
Author(s):  
D. Gale Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Federal Programs ◽  
Low Income Population

Failed Markets

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfonso Valenzuela Aguilera
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Financial Markets ◽  
Housing Market ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Social Housing ◽  
Financial Capital ◽  
Low Income Population ◽  
The Past ◽  
Politica Publica ◽  
Housing Needs

A confluence between the state, the housing market, and the rationale of financial capital has led to excessive growth of social housing in Mexico in the past two decades. This growth has been one way of channeling excess capital into global financial markets rather than the result of a public policy to address the housing needs of the low-income population. Durante las últimas dos décadas la confluencia entre el estado, el mercado de la vivienda y la lógica del capital financiero ha llevado a un crecimiento excesivo de la vivienda social en México. Este crecimiento ha sido una manera de canalizar el excedente de capital hacia los mercados financieros internacionales en vez del resultado de una política pública para resolver las necesidades de vivienda de la población de bajos ingresos.

Medicaid Policy, Physician Behavior, and Health Care for the Low-Income Population

2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence C. Baker ◽  
Anne Beeson Royalty
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Physician Behavior ◽  
Low Income Population ◽  
Medicaid Policy
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