Studies Assessing Risk of Treatments for Diabetes Mellitus and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes Should Control for Known Risk Factors

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 1183-1184 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Edson-Heredia ◽  
R.D. Rohwer ◽  
M. Wong ◽  
P. Wang ◽  
A. Vambergue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

scholarly journals Associations between insulin resistance and adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus: a retrospective study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Lin ◽  
Hua Jin ◽  
Lei Chen
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders Of Pregnancy ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background This study aimed to explore the relationship between insulin resistance (IR) and adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and to determine the risk factors for IR in women with GDM. Methods This study employed a retrospective survey of 710 women diagnosed with GDM. Serum lipids, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and serum protein were measured in the first trimester (6–12 weeks), and OGTT and fasting insulin tests were performed in the second trimester (24–28 weeks). These results were then used to evaluate IR by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA). When HOMA-IR ≥ 2.0, IR was diagnosed. The relationship between HOMA-IR and adverse pregnancy outcomes was analyzed by a logistic regression model, and multiple stepwise regression was used to analyze the risk factors of IR. Results IR significantly increasd the risk of the hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and large for gestational age (LGA) (OR = 5.31,95%CI:1.87,15.10; OR = 1.65,95%CI:1.10, 2.48, respectively) in women with GDM, but not for cesarean section, premature delivery, premature rupture of membranes, postpartum hemorrhage, macrosomia and SGA. Compared to normal groups, greater body mass index (BMI) before pregnancy category (overweight or obesity group) were associated with higher risk of IR in the second trimester, the OR (95% CI) were 4.09 (2.65, 6.30) and 6.52 (2.99, 14.20). And higher level of FPG (OR = 1.63, 95%CI: 1.11, 2.40), TG (OR = 1.32, 95%CI: 1.08, 1.63) and weight gain before diagnosis of GDM (OR = 1.08, 95%CI: 1.02, 1.15) were also associated with higher risk of IR in the second trimester in women with GDM, while age (OR = 0.94, 95%CI: 0.90, 0.98)was the weak protective factor for IR. Conclusion GDM with IR in the second trimester increased adverse pregnancy outcomes, especially the risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and LGA. In addition, FPG, HbA1c, and TG in early pregnancy, pre-pregnant BMI and weight gain before diagnosis of GDM were all independent risk factors for IR.

scholarly journals Associations Between Insulin Resistance and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Women With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: a Retrospective Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Lin ◽  
Hua Jin ◽  
Lei Chen
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders Of Pregnancy ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: This study aimed to explore the relationship between insulin resistance (IR) and adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and to determine the risk factors for IR in women with GDM.Methods: This study employed a retrospective survey of 710 women diagnosed with GDM. Serum lipids, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and serum protein were measured in the first trimester (6-12 weeks), and OGTT and fasting insulin tests were performed in the second trimester (24-28 weeks). These results were then used to evaluate IR by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA). When HOMA-IR≥2.0, IR was diagnosed. The relationship between HOMA-IR and adverse pregnancy outcomes was analyzed by a logistic regression model, and multiple stepwise regression was used to analyze the risk factors of HOMA-IR. Results: GDM with IR was significantly associated with the hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and large for gestational age (LGA) (P=0.002, 0.012, respectively). Body mass index (BMI) before pregnancy, FPG, HbA1c, and total triglyceride (TG) in early pregnancy were all significantly positively correlated with IR in the second trimester (P<0.05), while age was significantly negatively correlated with IR (P<0.001). Conclusion: GDM combined with IR in the second trimester increases adverse pregnancy outcomes, especially the risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and LGA. In addition, BMI before pregnancy, FPG, HbA1c, and TG in early pregnancy are all independent risk factors for IR.

scholarly journals Association between neighbourhood deprivation, fetal growth, small-for-gestational age and preterm birth: a population-based prospective cohort study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. e049075
Author(s):  
Dionne V Gootjes ◽  
Anke G Posthumus ◽  
Vincent W V Jaddoe ◽  
Eric A P Steegers
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Neighbourhood Deprivation ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

ObjectiveTo study the associations between neighbourhood deprivation and fetal growth, including growth in the first trimester, and adverse pregnancy outcomes.DesignProspective cohort study.SettingThe Netherlands, Rotterdam.Participants8617 live singleton births from the Generation R cohort study.ExpositionLiving in a deprived neighbourhood.Main outcome measuresFetal growth trajectories of head circumference, weight and length.Secondary outcomes measuresSmall-for-gestational age (SGA) and preterm birth (PTB).ResultsNeighbourhood deprivation was not associated with first trimester growth. However, a higher neighbourhood status score (less deprivation) was associated with increased fetal growth in the second and third trimesters (eg, estimated fetal weight; adjusted regression coefficient 0.04, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.06). Less deprivation was also associated with decreased odds of SGA (adjusted OR 0.91, 95% CI 0.86 to 0.97, p=0.01) and PTB (adjusted OR 0.89, 95% CI 0.82 to 0.96, p=0.01).ConclusionsWe found an association between neighbourhood deprivation and fetal growth in the second and third trimester pregnancy, but not with first trimester growth. Less neighbourhood deprivation is associated with lower odds of adverse pregnancy outcomes. The associations remained after adjustment for individual-level risk factors. This supports the hypothesis that living in a deprived neighbourhood acts as an independent risk factor for fetal growth and adverse pregnancy outcomes, above and beyond individual risk factors.

Abstract 376: Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes and Cardiovascular Risks Multi-disciplinary Awareness Project

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Venkata Sai Gogineni ◽  
Ki Park ◽  
Denise Manfrini ◽  
Robert Egerman ◽  
Sharon Aroda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Cardiovascular Risks ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
Traditional Risk Factors

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the number one cause of death amongst women. There has been much effort put forth over the past decade in reducing both the incidence and prevalence of this disease burden through screening and treating the traditional risk factors. Recent guidelines have shown that adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs), including pre-eclampsia (PEC), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and pre-term birth (PTB) have been associated with future maternal CVD risk. Much of the current literature focuses almost exclusively on PEC. Our investigation is more comprehensive, covering not only these other APOs but assessing whether providers of multiple specialties in our community are aware of the APO to CVD risk association. The primary objective of this study was to investigate if there exist any knowledge gaps regarding the progression from APO to CVD and if this knowledge varies by specialty. Methods: An anonymous voluntary survey through REDCap© was sent to providers in the fields of Internal medicine (IM, 21%), Family medicine (FM, 26%), Obstetrics-Gynecology (Ob-Gyn, 23%) and Cardiology (30%) who have been in practice for greater than five years in our local Gainesville community. This project was registered as a QI project and descriptive analysis was used to examine the responses. Results: A total of 53 providers responded to the survey. Despite having the majority of patients being women, Ob-Gyn was the least likely amongst all specialties to routinely screen for CV risk factors. However, when addressed, they were the most likely to ask about APOs. Cardiologists, despite declaring to be aware of the association between APOs and CV risk, were least likely to ask about APOs. All specialties recognized PEC and GDM as APOs linked to long-term maternal CV risk but failed to associate PTB as an APO. The majority of providers amongst IM, FM, and Cardiology did not ask about APOs and lacked the knowledge of how often to appropriately screen for secondary risk factors associated with APOs. Additionally, these providers outright admitted that they are not familiar with the current AHA and/or ACOG guidelines for screening and follow-up. Conclusion: Descriptive statistical analysis of our data suggests that there exists a notable knowledge gap between all four specialties investigated in our survey. Education concerning the link between APOs and future maternal CV risk is needed amongst all specialties, especially amongst the providers in Cardiology, IM, and FM. Targeted efforts at our institution to improve awareness of all APOs, their associated secondary risk factors, and appropriate screening is required in all specialties to help reduce CVD morbidity and mortality.

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