Act of Creation

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rob Jenkins ◽  
James Manor
Keyword(s):  
The Political ◽  
Rural Employment ◽  
The Media ◽  
Employment Programs ◽  
Employment Guarantee ◽  
Intense Debate

This chapter provides a close examination of specific provisions found in the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act 2005 (NREGA). The analysis of the legal and regulatory provisions (the content) is followed by an examination of how NREGA came into being (its origins). The focus, again, is on the politics underlying this process. The chapter stresses the importance of India's precursor employment programs and various movements that have over the years worked to make them more accountable to their intended beneficiaries. It also assesses aspects of NREGA that became matters of intense debate on the floor of parliament, in the media, and beyond. Each of these contested legislative provisions would subsequently, in one form or other, play a role in the political battles surrounding NREGA's implementation (a subject covered in Chapter 7 of the book).

All Politics is ‘Local’?

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rob Jenkins ◽  
James Manor
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Political Representation ◽  
The Political ◽  
Complex Interplay ◽  
Rural Employment ◽  
Block Level ◽  
Multiple Levels ◽  
Employment Guarantee ◽  
Panchayati Raj ◽  
The Village

This chapter examines the complex interplay between the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act 2005 (NREGA) and the multiple levels of political representation that comprise India's system of local government, known as panchayati raj, which includes elected councils at the village, block, and district levels. The analysis of the politics of NREGA implementation assesses the roles played by both politicians and administrators operating at each of these three levels. These interactions are assessed through an examination of three NREGA-related processes: (1) the increased power and resources of elected local councils, and the consolidation of power within these councils by their leaders; (2) the rationing of work opportunities, and the political logic behind the exclusion of certain groups; and (3) the struggles between village- and block-level actors over opportunities to engage in corruption.

scholarly journals Covid-19 and some contours of India’s ongoing agrarian crisis

2021 ◽  
pp. 194277862098519
Author(s):  
Shantanu De Roy ◽  
C. Saratchand
Keyword(s):  
Public Procurement ◽  
The Political ◽  
Policy Initiative ◽  
Rural Employment ◽  
Food Grains ◽  
Rural Producers ◽  
Agrarian Crisis ◽  
Employment Guarantee

The onset of the Covid-19 pandemic has led to an aggravation of the agrarian crisis in India. The rural proletariat, poor peasants, and a section of middle peasants in India have been adversely affected. The paper advances a composite policy initiative to deal with this aggravation of the agrarian crisis involving an expansion of the existing rural employment guarantee schemes, various input subsidies to farmers, universal provision of safety gear for rural producers, and an expanded public procurement of food grains. It concludes with the political prognosis of the proposed composite policy initiative.

NREGA’s Impact on the Material Well-Being and Political Capacity of Poor People

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rob Jenkins ◽  
James Manor
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
The Political ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Political Capacity ◽  
Political Awareness ◽  
Rural Employment ◽  
Political Implications ◽  
Material Benefits ◽  
Employment Guarantee ◽  
Severe Shortage

This chapter assesses the positive political impacts of the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act 2005 (NREGA) on poor and marginalized people. Two types of impacts are distinguished: those stemming primarily from the material benefits derived by NREGA workers (increased incomes, less dependence on elites), and those that contribute to their “political capacity”, the severe shortage of which has constituted an important dimension of their “poverty”.The authors define political capacity as an amalgam of political awareness, confidence, skills and connections. To advance these claims, the chapter discusses the uses to which laborers put their wages, NREGA's impact on distress migration by poor people, the gains made by women, examples of unusual alliances through participation in NREGA works, and the political implications of all of these processes.

scholarly journals EXTERNAL CHURCH FINANCING BY FUNDING

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mike Blankenberg ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The Political ◽  
Church Administration ◽  
Political Sphere ◽  
Starting Position ◽  
Inhibiting Factors ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Organisational Structures ◽  
Church Financing ◽  
Intense Debate

The present paper provides an overview of the situation of church bodies when dealing with subsidies. The starting position and topicality of this topic has been the subject of intense debate in the media and in the political sphere, also for church sector for some time. A look at the figures shows that numerous funding programmes from EU, federal and/or state programmes could well be eligible for church bodies, but that the funds provided are rarely or never called up. The problems lie in the complexity of the funding programmes and the respective guidelines and extend right into the organisational structures of the spartan church administration. A glance at the federal government’s funding database shows the importance of the topic. Tight budgets due to declining church tax revenues, lack of personnel capacities, demographic conditions are inhibiting factors in funding management on the part of church administrations.

scholarly journals A Study on the Performance of MGNREGA in Karnataka

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 13-27
Author(s):  
N Harish
Keyword(s):  
Rural Employment ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Poverty And Inequality ◽  
Grass Root ◽  
Basic Services ◽  
Village Communities ◽  
Employment Programs ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
Employment Guarantee ◽  
Two Sides

Unemployment, poverty, and inequality are related phenomena. Any success in solving one of these troubles would suggest some success in fixing the other. ‘Poverty and unemployment are two sides of the same coin when we are going to solve one problem in society, 2nd has been taken care of that. The poverty and unemployment at the existing state of affairs are the most extreme problems of the Indian economy’. The Government’s policy and programs have emphasized poverty alleviation, generation of employment and earnings opportunities, and provision of infrastructure and basic services to meet the wishes of rural poor. For realizing these objectives, self-employment and wage employment programs continued to grant in one structure or another. As a measure to strengthen the grass-root stage democracy. The National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA) is an Indian job warranty scheme, enacted via regulation on August 25, 2005, and renamed as Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) on 2nd October 2009 includes things to do below nine special heads to furnish employment to village communities and enhance their livelihoods. On February 2, 2006, amidst outstanding hype and hope, the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA) came into force in 200 of India’s backward districts. In 2007, it was extended to cowl some other 130 districts and two with effect from April 1, two 2008 the two Act is two covering all rural India.

Negative Media Effects and Islamic Remedies (Penyelesaian Kepada Kesan Negatif Media Menurut Perspektif Islam)

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 215
Author(s):  
Mohd. Shuhaimi Ishak
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Social Influences ◽  
The Political ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Essential Form ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Government ◽  
Effects Of Media ◽  
Political Economic

 Abstract Generally speaking, media is extensively used as the means to disseminate news and information pertaining to business, social, political and religious concerns. A portion of the time and space of media has now become an important device to generate economic and social activities that include advertising, marketing, recreation and entertainment. The Government regards them as an essential form of relaying news and information to its citizens and at the same time utilizes them as a powerful public relations’ mechanism. The effects of media are many and diverse, which can either be short or long term depending on the news and information. The effects of media can be found on various fronts, ranging from the political, economic and social, to even religious spheres. Some of the negative effects arising from the media are cultural and social influences, crimes and violence, sexual obscenities and pornography as well as liberalistic and extreme ideologies. This paper sheds light on these issues and draws principles from Islam to overcome them. Islam as revealed to humanity contains the necessary guidelines to nurture and mould the personality of individuals and shape them into good servants. Key Words: Media, Negative Effects, Means, Islam and Principles. Abstrak Secara umum, media secara meluas digunakan sebagai sarana untuk menyebarkan berita dan maklumat yang berkaitan dengan perniagaan, kemasyarakatan, pertimbangan politik dan agama. Sebahagian dari ruang dan masa media kini telah menjadi peranti penting untuk menghasilkan kegiatan ekonomi dan sosial yang meliputi pengiklanan, pemasaran, rekreasi dan hiburan. Kerajaan menganggap sarana-sarana ini sebagai wadah penting untuk menyampaikan berita dan maklumat kepada warganya dan pada masa yang sama juga menggunakannya sebagai mekanisme perhubungan awam yang berpengaruh. Pengaruh media sangat banyak dan pelbagai, samada berbentuk jangka pendek atau panjang bergantung kepada berita dan maklumat yang brekenaan. Kesan dari media boleh didapati mempengaruhi pelbagai aspek, bermula dari bidang politik, ekonomi, sosial bahkan juga agama. Beberapa kesan negatif yang timbul dari media ialah pengaruhnya terhadap budaya dan sosial, jenayah dan keganasan, kelucahan seksual dan pornografi serta ideologi yang liberal dan ekstrim. Kertas ini menyoroti isu-isu ini dan cuba mengambil prinsip-prinsip dari ajaran Islam untuk mengatasinya. Tujuan Islam itu sendiri diturunkan kepada umat manusia ialah untuk menjadi pedoman yang diperlukan untuk membina dan membentuk keperibadian individu dan menjadikan manusia hamba yang taat kepada Tuhannya. Kata Kunci: Media, Kesan Negatif, Cara-cara, Islam dan Prinsip-prinsip.

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