The Passive Construction in Chinese

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haihua Pan ◽  
Xiaoshi Hu
Keyword(s):  
Verb Phrase ◽  
Passive Construction ◽  
Potential Problems ◽  
Categorial Status ◽  
Chinese And English

Central to the passive construction in Chinese is the categorial status of the passive marker bei and the syntactic nature of passivization. In this respect, different analyses have been proposed in the literature. The passive marker bei is argued to be a preposition, a verb, or a passivization morpheme. Accordingly, some scholars propose analysis of Chinese bei-passives as non-canonical passives, which are different from the be-passive in English. By contrast, others argue differently and think English be-passivization in terms of unaccusativization also applies to Chinese bei-passives, and the only difference between Chinese and English is that the passivization domain for Chinese is the whole verb phrase while that for English is the verb only. In the article, we will review different proposals on the bei-passive in Chinese by examining their crucial arguments and identifying their potential problems.

Accusative case in passives

Linguistics ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grant Goodall
Keyword(s):  
Mandarin Chinese ◽  
Double Object ◽  
Standard View ◽  
Accusative Case ◽  
Passive Construction ◽  
Chinese And English

Abstract The standard explanation for Ν Ρ movement in the passive construction has been that the N P must move into the nominative position because no accusative case is available. This paper examines the implications for this view of some double-object constructions in Mandarin Chinese and English that are ungrammatical as active clauses but improve significantly as passives. These facts are unexpected under the standard view of passives, but I suggest that they can be explained if we assume that the second object is not licensed for case in the active versions but is able to check accusative case in the passive version, thus arguing that accusative case is available in passive clauses.

scholarly journals Verb phrase movement as a window into head movement

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Joseph LaCara
Keyword(s):  
Head Movement ◽  
Verb Movement ◽  
Proper Place ◽  
Verb Phrase ◽  
Potential Problems ◽  
Shed Light

Since Chomsky 2001 suggested that head movement might be a PF operation, there has been debate about the proper place of head movement in the grammar. The interaction of verb movement with verb phrase fronting can shed light on how and when head movement occurs. This paper looks at cases where verb phrase fronting generates two copies of the verb (as in Portuguese or Hebrew), one in the fronted vP and one in an inflectional position, showing how a PF approach to head movement can explain this pattern while addressing some potential problems in other languages.

Microbulldozing and Microchiseling

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 134-135
Author(s):  
J.N. Ramsey ◽  
D.P. Cameron ◽  
F.W. Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Material Handling ◽  
Microprobe Analysis ◽  
Foreign Matter ◽  
Specific Location ◽  
Potential Problems ◽  
Knoop Indenter ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Microhardness Tester

As computer components become smaller the analytical methods used to examine them and the material handling techniques must become more sensitive, and more sophisticated. We have used microbulldozing and microchiseling in conjunction with scanning electron microscopy, replica electron microscopy, and microprobe analysis for studying actual and potential problems with developmental and pilot line devices. Foreign matter, corrosion, etc, in specific locations are mechanically loosened from their substrates and removed by “extraction replication,” and examined in the appropriate instrument. The mechanical loosening is done in a controlled manner by using a microhardness tester—we use the attachment designed for our Reichert metallograph. The working tool is a pyramid shaped diamond (a Knoop indenter) which can be pushed into the specimen with a controlled pressure and in a specific location.

Strategies of Impression Management and Deception among Chinese and English speakers

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenling Hsieh ◽  
Cheryl Hiscock-Anisman ◽  
Kevin Colwell ◽  
Samantha Florence ◽  
Andrea Sorcinelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Impression Management ◽  
English Speakers ◽  
Chinese And English

The “Mixing” of Implant Systems

1991 ◽  
Vol 4 (02) ◽  
pp. 38-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Baumgart
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Additional Risk ◽  
Bone Screw ◽  
Application Technique ◽  
Quality Controls ◽  
Implant Materials ◽  
Osteosynthesis Plate ◽  
Potential Problems ◽  
Manufacturing Procedure

SummaryThe so-called “mixing” of implants and instruments from different producers entertain certain risks.The use of standardized implant materials (e.g. stainless steel ISO 5832/1) from different producers is necessary but is not sufficient to justify the use of an osteosynthesis plate from one source and a bone screw from another.The design, dimensions, tolerances, manufacturing procedure, quality controls, and application technique of the instruments and implants also vary according to make. This can lead to damage, failure or fracture of the biomechanical system called “osteosynthesis” and hence the failure of the treatment undertaken. In the end, it is the patient who pays for these problems.Some examples also illustrate the potential problems for the staff and institutions involved.The use of a unique, consistent, well-tested, and approved set of implants and instruments is to be strongly recommended to avoid any additional risk.

A Code Mixing Analysis of Javanese Community at Karang Anyar

Metahumaniora ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Merina Devira
Keyword(s):  
Noun Phrase ◽  
Verb Phrase ◽  
Code Mixing ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Syntactic Pattern ◽  
The Subject

ABSTRAKTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menggambarkan tentang faktor-faktor yangmempengaruhi penggunaan code mixing pada komunitas suku Jawa di desa Karang Anyar,Langsa, serta untuk menjelaskan pola sintaks yang terbentuk pada percakapan code mixingtersebut melalui diagaram pohon. Untuk mengumpulkan data, penelitian ini menggunakantiga metode: observasi, rekaman, dan wawancara. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 15 orangbersuku Jawa yang berumur 20-60 tahun. Data dalam penelitian ini adalah rekaman wawancarapara subjek dan rekaman percakapan para subjek yang terdapat tuturan code mixing. Hasildari penelitian ini menunjukkan tentang faktor yang mempengaruhi code mixing di desatersebut dan pola sintaks pada percakapan komunitas Jawa yang mengandung code mixingdalam hal penggunaan fase kata kerja, kata benda, kata bantu, dan kata seru.Kata kunci: code mixing, analisis, komunitas suku Jawa, pola sintaksABSTRACTThe aims of this research are to describe the factors influencing the use of code mixingin the Javanese community at Karang Anyar Village, Langsa, then to describe the syntacticpatterns in the code mixing of conversations uttered in that community by using a treediagram. To collect data, this study used three methods: observation, recording, and interviewmethod. The subjects of this study are 15 people of Javanese community aged 20-60 yearsold. The data in this research are the subject interview recordings and the subjects speechJavanese community at Karang Anyar Village Langsa in which code mixing are found. Theresult of this study showed two findings about the factors influencing the use of code mixing inthe Javanese community and the syntactic pattern in the conversation of Javanese communityin terms of the use of verb phrase (VP), noun phrase (NP), auxiliary, and interjection.Keywords: A Code Mixing, Analysis, Javanese Community, Syntactic Pattern

Commons Research and Pastoralism in the Context of Variability

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 272-285
Author(s):  
Jill Philine Blau
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Systems ◽  
Potential Problems ◽  
Pastoral Management ◽  
The Commons

Research has shown that pastoralism and the management of the commons are connected (Bollig and Lesogorol 2016). In this article I discuss how the concept of variability, which emerged from discussions of dryland ecologies in the 1980s (Homewood 2008), can inform and enhance research on the commons and vice versa. Research on the commons can further elucidate the understanding of pastoralist practices. I conclude with reflections drawn from some empirical examples in the literature, the use of the socio-ecological systems (SES) framework, and discuss the benefits and potential problems when applied to heterogeneous and flexible pastoralist practices and to the pastoral management of the commons.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document