1. A history of blood

2016 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Chris Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Circulatory System ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Language ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
James I ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Long Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
King James I ◽  
Arteries And Veins

‘A history of blood’ considers why the colour red and blood hold such pre-eminence in human language and culture. Views about what function blood actually performed in the body have varied widely through history. The studies of 2nd-century physician Galen are described along with procedures such as bloodletting, used in medicine for a long time. The structure of the vessels that contain blood in the body—arteries and veins—has always intrigued scholars. The 13th-century Islamic physician Ibn al-Nafis was the first to propose a circulatory system, but it was in 1628, when William Harvey, physician to King James I, published his findings, that the true circulatory system was explained.

scholarly journals The Body of Sound: Sounding out the History of Science

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 197-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holger Schulze
Keyword(s):  
History Of Science ◽  
The Body ◽  
Western History ◽  
Science History ◽  
Hermann Von Helmholtz ◽  
Material Appearance ◽  
Long Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
Anthropology Of The Senses ◽  
Lower Material

Sound affects and pervades our body in a physical as well as a phenomenological sense: a notion that may sound fairly trivial today. But for a long time in Western history ‘sound’ was no scientific entity. It was looked upon merely as the lower, material appearance of truly higher forces: of more ephemeral, angel-, spirit- or godlike structures – and later of compositional knowledge. To be interested in sound was to be defamed as being unscientific, noncompositional, unmanly. Which steps were taken historically that gradually gave sound the character of a scientific entity? This article moves along recent science history: since the nineteenth century when the physicality of sound and later the corporeality of sonic experiences were first discovered and tentatively described. Exemplary studies from the science history of acoustics, musicology and anthropology of the senses are analysed and restudied – from Hermann von Helmholtz to Michel Serres. Even today, we may ask ourselves: What would an auditorily-founded research be like? Could there be a field of sensory research – via sensing sound?

Edward W. Blyden, W. E. B. Du Bois, and the ‘Color Complex’

1992 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 669-684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. C. Echeruo
Keyword(s):  
Black People ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Body ◽  
African Experience ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Color Complex ◽  
Long Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Mind

This article is an attempt to present (and thereby to come to terms with) an important aspect of the meaning of race as it relates to the experience of black people, especially in America. It commences with Edward W. Blyden because his ‘color complex’ is of a kind that brings us back, not without much embarrassment, to the realisation that while colour may be a state of the mind, it is also and even primarily a matter of the body. Blyden is particularly appropriate as a starting point, for he is an epitome, in many ways, of the African experience in the later nineteenth century, linking (as he does) the multiple experiences of the Caribbean, the United States, and mainland Africa. He wrote at a time when the intellectual and other currents in ‘Negro’ America flowed easily to the new centres of influence in Liberia and colonial West Africa. He was thus the product of the history of Africanity in his period, and for a long time after.

The Post-embryonic Development of Phaenoserphus viator Hal. (Proctotrypoidea), a Parasite of the Larva of Pterostichus niger (Carabidae), with Notes on the Anatomy of the Larva

Parasitology ◽  
1929 ◽  
Vol 21 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. E. S. Eastham
Keyword(s):  
Body Wall ◽  
Larval Instar ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
The Body ◽  
Suboesophageal Ganglion ◽  
Tracheal System ◽  
Single Host ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cerebral Commissures ◽  
Frontal Ganglion

1. The life-history of Phaenoserphus viator is described.Four larval instars are found, endoparasitic in the larvae of Pterostichus niger. At thee nd of the last larval instar the parasites, which may number as many as 45 in a single host, emerge, and while still attached, pupate without spinning a cocoon.Adults may appear in August or September.The effect of the parasite in inhibiting metamorphosis of the host is discussed.2. The first observed larva is atracheate and incompletely segmented at first and is of the polypod type bearing paired prolegs on the body segments.Subsequent instars are apodate.The tracheal system develops progressively in the several instars, but only becomes functional in the final stage.3. The anatomy of the larva is briefly described with the exception of the musculature.Tracheal development is described. Gas only appears in the tracheae after the development of the tracheole cells puts the tracheae into communication with the body wall and other organs.In the circulatory system an important accessory organ is the neural sinus, formed by the enclosure of the ventral nerve cord beneath a connective tissue curtain.The imaginal discs of the hypodermis are briefly described, these being clearly defined in the head, thorax, and posterior abdominal segments.The nervous system consists of a brain, suboesophageal ganglion and 11 ventral ganglia, the most posterior being tripartite. This system is connected with the sympathetic, by nerves passing from the cerebral commissures to a frontal ganglion which lies above the oesophagus and behind the labrum.

Francis Bacon's Henry VII: Commentary on King James I

1992 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Bergeron
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Francis Bacon ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
James I ◽  
Long Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Henry Vii

Francis Bacon wrote his The History of the Reign of King Henry the Seventh during 1621 after his fall from power and during his initial period of disgrace. He had, of course, contemplated some such history for a long time; and his exile from the Jacobean court allowed him time to complete this project. Exactly how much “research” he did remains a matter of debate. But this history of Henry VII exists as an exceptional example of Tudor-Stuart historical writing. Given Bacon's fascination with questions of history, broached in The Advancement of Learning (1605) and expanded in De Augmentis Scientiarum (1623), one might reasonably expect to find an example of Bacon's practice of history. The History of Henry VII exists as Bacon's only finished full-scale history of an era, although other fragments survive.A favorite scholarly pastime, at least since the late nineteenth century, has been to detect Bacon's “errors” in his history—that is, how and where he got things wrong. Sometimes, for example, he apparently duplicated the error of a source. He does not, however, stand alone among historians on this score. In any event, modern historical research affords a clearer view of the accuracy of Bacon's account. None of this detracts, however, from Bacon's considerable achievement. Part of the recognition of his accomplishment derives from understanding the different influences that impinge on Bacon's writing Henry VII. I intend, for example, to assess the indebtedness to the life of the Jacobean court as a model or influence on Bacon's portrait of King Henry's relationship with his wife Queen Elizabeth.

scholarly journals An Ethnic Language and Culture without a Safe Enclave: A Sociocultural Perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-122
Keyword(s):  
Religious Identity ◽  
Family Relations ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Cultural Elements ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
The Status ◽  
Long Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
Group Interviews

The Sabean Mandaeans are the only minority group in Iraq ‘without a safe enclave’. They are a religious ethnic group deeply rooted in the history of Mesopotamia whose existence dates back to around 2000 years. This study investigates the status of Mandaic among the Sabean Mandaeans of Baghdad and explores the cultural aspects they preserve. The researchers hypothesise that (1) Mandaic has been abandoned a long time ago, but (2) they have managed to keep alive some elements of their cultural and religious identity. A sample of 115 participants responded to a questionnaire which was preceded by a focus group interviews. Interviews were also undertaken with four participants to verify and enrich the data obtained from the questionnaire. Results show that the Sabean Mandaeans of Baghdad lack proficiency in their heritage language and that Mandaic retains ritual use while Arabic is their first language. However, Mandaeans have preserved many cultural elements, such as religious rituals, social, ethnic and religious festivals and celebrations, and family relations.

scholarly journals PEMANFAATAN BIJI Nigella sativa DALAM TERAPI PENYEMBUHAN KANKER DAN GANGGUAN METABOLISME

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Shobrun Jamil
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cancer Case ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Hydroxy Coumarin

The seed of Nigella sativa has long time ago employed as medicinal remedy for numerous disorders. N.sativa has active compounds in its seed likes nigellisine, nigellidine, nigellimine-N-oxide, thymoquinone, dithymoquinone, thymohydroquinon, nigellone, thymol, arvacrol, oxy-coumarin, 6-methoxycoumarin, 7-hydroxy-coumarin, alpha-hedrin, steryl-glucoside, flavonoids, tannins, essential amino acid, ascorbic acid, and minerals. The seed has various curative activities. As body immunity stimulator by stimulating the formations of bone marrow and many kind of antibody cells, antihistamine, anti-hypertension, anti-inflammation, antimicrobial activities by protecting bodies from viruses and decreasing the risk of infections, anti-diabetic (metabolic syndrome), and anti cancer. These papers have to discuss deeper about the beneficial aspect of N. sativa seed against metabolic syndrome and cancer. Based on several research known that N. sativa has potential to decrease total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein and blood glucose level. This seed also has potential to maintain the homeostatic of blood vessels as the backbone of the circulatory system in the body. At the cancer case, this seed substances has potential to decreasing the development of cancerous cells, kills the cells by enhances its apoptotic programs and also lessening the metastasis of the cancer cells. Keywords: cancer, metabolic syndrome, Nigella sativa

scholarly journals VI.—Review of the evidence respecting the conduct of King James I. in the case of Sir Thomas Overbury: by James Spedding, Esq. M.A. in a letter to C. Knight Watson, Esq. M.A. Secretary

Archaeologia ◽  
1867 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-115
Author(s):  
James Spedding
Keyword(s):  
Conclusive Evidence ◽  
Middle Stage ◽  
James I ◽  
Valuable Addition ◽  
History Of ◽  
Extensive Collection ◽  
King James I

The document which has recently been discovered by James More Molyneux, Esq. F.S.A. amongst the extensive collection of manuscripts at Loseley, containing a complete and authentic report of a message sent by King James I. to the Earl of Somerset on the 29th of December, 1615, is a valuable addition to the four letters printed in the Archæologia, nearly fifty years ago, from the autographs in the same collection. Those letters were written to Sir George More, between the 9th and 24th of May, 1616, just before the trial; and there is another at Lambeth (not an autograph, but I suppose a true copy) addressed to Somerset himself in the preceding October, just before the committal. This new document gives us conclusive evidence as to the relation in which the King stood towards him in the middle stage of the proceedings, about half-way between those dates; and makes the history of it so clear and complete that no room is left for any further doubt about it. It appears therefore to be a fit occasion for collecting and reviewing the whole of the evidence bearing upon that point, of which we have now a great deal, when all is brought properly together; and of a kind too which is entitled not only to consideration but to precedence, as being better evidence than those who first told the story had access to, and such as they would themselves have preferred if they had had it.

scholarly journals Detestabile scelus Perastinorum - the psychological and social background of the murder of Pompejus de Pasqualibus, the abbot of the St George Abbey near Perast

2015 ◽  
pp. 19-33
Author(s):  
Katarina Mitrovic
Keyword(s):  
Social Background ◽  
The Body ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
Parish Church ◽  
Parish Priest ◽  
The People ◽  
Church Life ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Church

The St George Abbey was founded on an island near Perast by the Benedictine Monastic Order by the beginning of the 11th century. From the mid-13th century, the community of Kotor had the right of patronage over the abbey, which allowed the patriciate of Kotor to elect abbots as well as have a say in numerous monastery affairs, including propriety rights. Therefore, on November the 2nd 1530, Minor Council of Kotor named Pompejus de Pasqualibus, a nobleman from Kotor, the abbot of the St George Abbey. After the official consent from Rome and Venice, father Pompejus took over the abbey. Soon after, a gruesome crime took place on the island, a crime unseen in the history of the Kotor church. On the Feast of the Invention of the Holy Cross, May 3rd 1535, a group of Perast locals, armed with sticks and daggers, broke into the abbey and killed abbot Pasqualibus at the altar as he was saying Pater Noster. Nikola Krosic, the chaplain of the St George Abbey, and a few others tried to stop the murderers, but to no avail. The killers went on to humiliate the body of the deceased by throwing it out of the church and dumping it into a nearby pit, which added to the resentment, especially among the patriciates of Kotor. Three days later, on the Feast of the Ascension, the bishop of Kotor, Luka Bizanti, publicly excommunicated the killers and their men in the cathedral, while Pope Paul III forbade all service at the church where the crime had been committed. The interdict wasn?t recalled until 1546. In the decree of excommunication, Bishop Luka Bizanti emphasized the fact that father Pompejus hadn?t said or done anything to provoke the killers. What are the reasons of such an outpour of mass anger among dozens of Perast locals? Around that time, for several decades, Perast, a village founded on St George?s fief, started to improve its economy as a result of the expansion of ship-building and trading. More and more inhabitants of Perast started to sail and take part in the trade, especially on the rye and salt market. They had the support of the Venetian authorities, which caused envy among the inhabitants of Kotor, who considered Perast a part of their district. The tendency to achieve a full emancipation from the community of Kotor included church interests as well. After a gradual weakening of church life on the island, the St George church took on the role of a parish church under the patronage of Kotor. Perast locals were evidently dissatisfied with the idea of their parish priest being a noble Pasqualibus of Kotor, whose descent and position were representative of everything they despised and fought against. The motive of the murder was a trivial one - father Pompejus refused to hold service at the St Church on the Feast of the Holy Cross, which deeply insulted the people of Perast. The exceedingly long process of turning the Benedictine abbey into a parish church and a sepulchral chapel of Perast reached its peak on November the 17th1634 with the edict of the Venetian Senate taking the right of patronage away from the community of Kotor. From then on, ius patronatus belonged to the Venetian Senate, while the choice of the abbot, the parish priest of Perast in fact, was left to the locals.

Opening of the body of king James I

1875 ◽  
Vol s5-IV (91) ◽  
pp. 246-246
Author(s):  
H. A. Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
James I ◽  
King James I

Discovering Gunpowder Plot: The King's Book and the Dissemination of News

2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Nicholls
Keyword(s):  
Documentary Evidence ◽  
James I ◽  
Gunpowder Plot ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Face ◽  
King James I

For contemporaries, the Gunpowder Plot was ‘a mother… of all crimes’, and their sense of shock, and awe, in the face of so dreadful a treason was in no way diminished by the drama surrounding its discovery.2 The arrest of Guy Fawkes outside the cellars of Westminster, late on the night of 4 November 1605, caught King James I and his ministers completely off guard. A mass of documentary evidence for the fraught days following Fawkes's apprehension confirms that ignorance, embarrassment, even panic ran through the highest counsels in the land. While a deadly strike had clearly been frustrated, with just hours to spare, no one knew whether trouble might be expected from other conspirators in the capital, or indeed, from rebels and mischief-makers elsewhere in England. Military men rushed to court, and within a week a sizeable force had assembled there under the command of the Earl of Devonshire, prepared to face and to repel a phantom enemy.3 Open panic did of course subside, as administration and country alike began to measure and appreciate the danger, but anxiety was a long time dying. The extraordinary hysteria that swept London in the spring of 1606, on a rumour that the king had been assassinated, touched the court itself and serves as a reminder that, months after 5 November, many Englishmen in high positions still stood on their guard.4

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document