Sarah Churchwell. Behold, America: The Entangled History of “America First” and “The American Dream.”Bradley W. Hart. Hitler’s American Friends: The Third Reich’s Supporters in the United States

The cover photograph for this issue of Public Voices was taken sometime in the summer of 1929 (probably June) somewhere in Sunflower County, Mississippi. Very probably the photo was taken in Indianola but, perhaps, it was Ruleville. It is one of three such photos, one of which does have the annotation on the reverse “Ruleville Midwives Club 1929.” The young woman wearing a tie in this and in one of the other photos was Ann Reid Brown, R.N., then a single woman having only arrived in the United States from Scotland a few years before, in 1923. Full disclosure: This commentary on the photo combines professional research interests in public administration and public policy with personal interests—family interests—for that young nurse later married and became the author’s mother. From the scholarly perspective, such photographs have been seen as “instrumental in establishing midwives’ credentials and cultural identity at a key transitional moment in the history of the midwife and of public health” (Keith, Brennan, & Reynolds 2012). There is also deep irony if we see these photographs as being a fragment of the American dream, of a recent immigrant’s hope for and success at achieving that dream; but that fragment of the vision is understood quite differently when we see that she began a hopeful career working with a Black population forcibly segregated by law under the incongruously named “separate but equal” legal doctrine. That doctrine, derived from the United States Supreme Court’s 1896 decision, Plessy v. Ferguson, would remain the foundation for legally enforced segregation throughout the South for another quarter century. The options open to the young, white, immigrant nurse were almost entirely closed off for the population with which she then worked. The remaining parts of this overview are meant to provide the following: (1) some biographical information on the nurse; (2) a description, in so far as we know it, of why she was in Mississippi; and (3) some indication of areas for future research on this and related topics.

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A Brief History of the Judicial Review of Legislation under the Australian Constitution

Federal Law Review ◽

10.22145/flr.40.2.5 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 40 (2) ◽

pp. 227-252 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Matthew Stubbs

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Judicial Review ◽

The United States ◽

The Third ◽

History Of ◽

Historical Examination

Although lacking an express mandate, since Federation courts have declared legislation ultra vires if they find it contrary to the Australian Constitution. This article undertakes an historical examination in four parts, to determine whether this judicial review of legislation is legitimate. First, objections to the institution are identified. Second, the justifications for judicial review of legislation developed in the United States, and expressed in the seminal 1803 decision of Marbury v Madison, are examined. Having identified the twin justifications as the supremacy of the Constitution and the primacy of the judiciary in its interpretation, the third section analyses Australian Federation records to see if these justifications are supported, and whether they rebut the objections raised. Finally, the persistence of these justifications after Federation is demonstrated. It is concluded that evidence of the supremacy of the Constitution, and the primacy of the judiciary in its interpretation, is sufficient to justify judicial review of legislation under the Australian Constitution.

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The Making of the "First Dog": President Warren G. Harding and Laddie Boy

Society and Animals ◽

10.1163/1568530054300190 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 109-138 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Helena Pycior

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Twentieth Century ◽

The United States ◽

Cultural Factors ◽

White House ◽

Cultural Icon ◽

The Third ◽

The Press ◽

American Press ◽

History Of

AbstractThis paper traces the history of the cultural icon of the "First Dog" of the United States back to the administration of President Warren G. Harding (1921-1923). It briefly explores technological and socio-cultural factors—including the early-twentieth-century cult of human and nonhuman celebrities—that laid a basis for the acceptance of Laddie Boy, Harding's Airedale terrier, as the third member of the First Family and a celebrity in his own right. Following Laddie Boy, First Dogs would greet and entertain visitors to the White House, pose for the press, make public appearances, and "talk." While recognizing that Laddie Boy's personality was essential to his success at the White House, the paper also documents the steps taken by President Harding, his wife Florence Kling Harding, and the American press to establish Laddie Boy as the First Dog of the land. The paper argues that the construction of the cultural icon of the First Dog was not simply a political ploy to humanize the President but more a calculated attempt by President Harding to further animal welfare.

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Muslim Communities in North America

American Journal of Islam and Society ◽

10.35632/ajis.v12i1.2394 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 114-118

Author(s):

Omar Altalib

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

The United States ◽

Religious Studies ◽

Immigrant Communities ◽

Ethnic Communities ◽

The West ◽

History Of Religion ◽

The Third ◽

History Of ◽

Muslim Communities

This book, which is a collection of 22 articles by 25 authors, is appropriatefor undergraduate courses on religion in the United States, religiousminorities, immigrant communities, the history of religion, and the sociologyof Islam and Muslims. The first part contains five articles on religiouscommunities, the second part has nine articles on the mosaic of Islamiccommunities in major American metropolitan centers, and the third partconsists of eight articles on ethnic communities in metropolitan settings.Each part should have been a separate book, as this would have made thebook less bulky and more accessible to those who are interested in onlyone of the areas covered.Reading this book makes it clear that there is great need for Muslimscholars to study and analyze their own communities, which have a richhistory and have only been studied recently. Books such as this are animportant contribution to the understanding of Muslims in the West andalso serve to clear up many misconceptions about Muslims, a developmentthat makes interfaith and intercommunity dialogue easier.Part 1 begins with an article on the Shi'ah communities in NorthAmerica by Abdulaziz Sachedina (professor of religious studies, University ...

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The Project for a New Anglo Century

Reordering the World ◽

10.23943/princeton/9780691138787.003.0008 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Duncan Bell

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Twentieth Century ◽

Intellectual History ◽

The United States ◽

Late Nineteenth Century ◽

The Third ◽

History Of ◽

Late Nineteenth ◽

Anglo American ◽

Constituent Elements

This chapter sketches a synoptic intellectual history of the attempt to unify the constituent elements of the “Anglo-world” into a single globe-spanning community, and to harness its purported world-historical potential as an agent of order and justice. Since the late nineteenth century numerous commentators have preached the benefits of unity, though they have often disagreed on the institutional form it should assume. These are projects for the creation of a new Anglo century. The first two sections of the chapter explore overlapping elements of the fin de siècle Anglo-world discourse. The third section traces the echoes of debates over the future relationship between the empire and the United States through the twentieth century, discussing the interlacing articulation of imperial-commonwealth, Anglo-American, democratic unionist, and world federalist projects. The final section discusses contemporary accounts of Anglo-world supremacy.

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Esmond Wright, The American Dream. From Reconstruction to Reagan. A History of the United States of America, volume III (Oxford: Blackwell, 1996, £42.50). Pp. 669. ISBN 1 55786 589 2.

Journal of American Studies ◽

10.1017/s0021875898316096 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 33 (1) ◽

pp. 89-200 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

GEOFF STOAKES

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

United States Of America ◽

American Dream ◽

The United States ◽

History Of

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Introduction

The Restatement and Beyond ◽

10.1093/oso/9780197533154.003.0001 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-20

Author(s):

Sarah H Cleveland ◽

Paul B. Stephan

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

International Law ◽

Foreign Relations ◽

Political Process ◽

The United States ◽

Public Officials ◽

The Third ◽

History Of

This introductory chapter serves as a foreword for the volume. It sketches the history of past restatements and the evolution of the latest one. The first (confusingly called Second) Restatement of the Foreign Relations Law of the United States brought widespread attention to the term “foreign relations law.” It staunchly defended the proposition that foreign relations, no matter how imbued with discretion and prerogative, still must rest on law. The Third Restatement, prepared during a period of what to many seemed constitutional retrenchment and a loosening of judicial supervision over public life, offered a robust defense of the proposition that, “In conducting the foreign relations of the United States, Presidents, members of Congress, and public officials are not at large in a political process; they are under law.” Moreover, it insisted that the judiciary, as much as the executive and Congress, creates and enforces this law. To the extent that the Third Restatement rested its claims on its view of the state of customary international law, other influential actors pushed back. The Fourth Restatement revisits the Third’s claims, especially about the central role of the judiciary, in light of the evolution of both U.S. and international law and practice.

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Outrageous Flirtation, Repressed Flirtation, and the Gallic Singularity

French Politics Culture & Society ◽

10.3167/fpcs.2020.380104 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 38 (1) ◽

pp. 67-90

Author(s):

Jean Elisabeth Pedersen

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

The United States ◽

Democratic Society ◽

American Women ◽

The Third ◽

The Future ◽

History Of ◽

Democracy In America ◽

Changing Attitudes ◽

Gender System

This article offers a new way of understanding Alexis de Tocqueville’s complex position as a French observer who studied the United States, an ambivalent aristocratic cultural commentator who put his hopes for the future in democratic society, and a paradoxical figure in the history of debates over the so-called “Gallic singularity” who ultimately argued that the new American sex/gender system could provide a better model for women in a democracy than the traditional French one. The introduction and first section highlight Tocqueville’s changing attitudes toward what he saw as the key contrasts between European marriages and American marriages by comparing his initial letters home from the United States with his eventual work in Democracy in America. The second section compares his views of French and American women with those of his contemporaries Germaine de Staël and Gustave de Beaumont. The third section explains his changing views by establishing the connections between his comparative arguments about women and marriage and his comparative arguments about democracy itself.

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