scholarly journals Effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on vascular and metabolic health of vitamin D–deficient overweight and obese children: a randomized clinical trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 111 (4) ◽  
pp. 757-768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumaravel Rajakumar ◽  
Charity G Moore ◽  
Arshad T Khalid ◽  
Abbe N Vallejo ◽  
Mohamed A Virji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Vitamin D3 Supplementation

ABSTRACT Background Obese children are vulnerable to vitamin D deficiency and impaired cardiovascular health; vitamin D replenishment might improve their cardiovascular health. Objectives The aims were to determine, in vitamin D–deficient overweight and obese children, whether supplementation with vitamin D3 1000 or 2000 IU/d is more effective than 600 IU/d in improving arterial endothelial function, arterial stiffness, central and systemic blood pressure (BP), insulin sensitivity (1/fasting insulin concentration), fasting glucose concentration, and lipid profile and to explore whether downregulation of adipocytokines and markers of systemic inflammation underlies vitamin D effects. Methods We conducted a randomized, double-masked, controlled clinical trial in 225 10- to 18-y-old eligible children. Change in endothelial function at 6 mo was the primary outcome. Results Dose–response increases in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations were significant and tolerated without developing hypercalcemia. Changes at 3 and 6 mo in endothelial function, arterial stiffness, systemic-systolic BP, lipids, and inflammatory markers did not differ between children receiving 1000 or 2000 IU vitamin D and children receiving 600 IU. Some secondary outcomes differed between groups. Compared with the 600-IU group, central-systolic, central-diastolic, and systemic-diastolic BP was lower at 6 mo in the 1000-IU group [−2.66 (95% CI: −5.27, −0.046), −3.57 (−5.97, −1.17), and −3.28 (−5.55, −1.00) mm Hg, respectively]; insulin sensitivity increased at 3 and 6 mo and fasting glucose concentration declined at 6 mo (−2.67; 95% CI: −4.88, −0.46 mg/dL) in the 2000-IU group. Conclusions Correction of vitamin D deficiency in overweight and obese children by vitamin D3 supplementation with 1000 or 2000 IU/d versus 600 IU/d did not affect measures of arterial endothelial function or stiffness, systemic inflammation, or lipid profile, but resulted in reductions in BP and fasting glucose concentration and in improvements in insulin sensitivity. Optimization of children's vitamin D status may improve their cardiovascular health. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01797302.

scholarly journals Effects of Vitamin D3 Supplementation on Epigenetic Aging in Overweight and Obese African Americans With Suboptimal Vitamin D Status: A Randomized Clinical Trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Chen ◽  
Yanbin Dong ◽  
Jigar Bhagatwala ◽  
Anas Raed ◽  
Ying Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
P Value ◽  
Epigenetic Aging ◽  
Vitamin D3 Supplementation

Abstract Background We have previously shown that vitamin D supplementation increases telomerase activity, suggesting an anti-aging effect. In this study, we aim to test the hypothesis that vitamin D supplementation would slow down epigenetic aging, a new marker of biological aging. Methods A randomized clinical trial was previously conducted among 70 overweight/obese African Americans with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] < 50 nmol/L, who were randomly assigned into four groups of 600 IU/d, 2,000 IU/d, 4,000 IU/d of vitamin D3 supplements or placebo followed by 16-week interventions. Whole genome-wide DNA methylation analysis was conducted in 51 participants. DNA methylation ages were calculated according to the Horvath and the Hannum methods. Methylation-based age acceleration index (∆Age) is defined as the difference between DNA methylation age and chronological age in years. Mixed-effects models were used to evaluate the treatment effects. Results Fifty-one participants (aged 26.1 ± 9.3 years, 16% are male) were included in the study. After the adjustment of multi-covariates, vitamin D3 supplementation of 4,000 IU/d was associated with 1.85 years decrease in Horvath epigenetic aging compared with placebo (p value = .046), and 2,000 IU/d was associated with 1.90 years decrease in Hannum epigenetic aging (p value = .044). Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were significantly associated with decreased Horvath ∆Age only (p values = .002), regardless of treatments. Conclusions Our results suggest that vitamin D supplementation may slow down Horvath epigenetic aging. But the effect on Hannum epigenetic aging is not conclusive. Large-scale and longer duration clinical trials are needed to replicate the findings.

scholarly journals Effects of a 2-Week 5000 IU versus 1000 IU Vitamin D3 Supplementation on Recovery of Symptoms in Patients with Mild to Moderate Covid-19: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2170
Author(s):  
Shaun Sabico ◽  
Mushira A. Enani ◽  
Eman Sheshah ◽  
Naji J. Aljohani ◽  
Dara A. Aldisi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Sensory Loss ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Oral Vitamin ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Vitamin D3 Supplementation ◽  
Group Comparisons

Objective: Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with an increased risk of COVID-19 severity. This multi-center randomized clinical trial aims to determine the effects of 5000 IU versus 1000 IU daily oral vitamin D3 supplementation in the recovery of symptoms and other clinical parameters among mild to moderate COVID-19 patients with sub-optimal vitamin D status. Study Design and Setting: A total of 69 reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) SARS-CoV-2 positive adults who were hospitalized for mild to moderate COVID-19 disease were allocated to receive once daily for 2 weeks either 5000 IU oral vitamin D3 (n = 36, 21 males; 15 females) or 1000 IU oral vitamin D3 (standard control) (n = 33, 13 males; 20 females). Anthropometrics were measured and blood samples were taken pre- and post-supplementation. Fasting blood glucose, lipids, serum 25(OH)D, and inflammatory markers were measured. COVID-19 symptoms were noted on admission and monitored until full recovery. Results: Vitamin D supplementation for 2 weeks caused a significant increase in serum 25(OH)D levels in the 5000 IU group only (adjusted p = 0.003). Within-group comparisons also showed a significant decrease in BMI and IL-6 levels overtime in both groups (p-values < 0.05) but was not clinically significant in between-group comparisons. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis revealed that the 5000 IU group had a significantly shorter time to recovery (days) than the 1000 IU group in resolving cough, even after adjusting for age, sex, baseline BMI, and D-dimer (6.2 ± 0.8 versus 9.1 ± 0.8; p = 0.039), and ageusia (loss of taste) (11.4 ± 1.0 versus 16.9 ± 1.7; p = 0.035). Conclusion: A 5000 IU daily oral vitamin D3 supplementation for 2 weeks reduces the time to recovery for cough and gustatory sensory loss among patients with sub-optimal vitamin D status and mild to moderate COVID-19 symptoms. The use of 5000 IU vitamin D3 as an adjuvant therapy for COVID-19 patients with suboptimal vitamin D status, even for a short duration, is recommended.

scholarly journals A Review of the Effect of Vitamin D3 Supplementation on Insulin Response in Adults With Overweight or Obesity

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1312-1312
Author(s):  
Kimberly Gaskill ◽  
Madeline Bartzis ◽  
Annalyse Boucher ◽  
Kristin Lawton ◽  
Rex Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Lifestyle Intervention ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Insulin Response ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Vitamin D3 Supplementation ◽  
Overweight Or Obesity

Abstract Objectives There is an inverse association between serum vitamin D and excess body weight, insulin resistance, β-cell dysfunction, and the risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Given that inadequate vitamin D is common in adults with overweight or obesity, vitamin D supplementation may improve insulin response. The aim of this review was to investigate whether vitamin D3 supplementation in excess of the Recommended Daily Allowance (RDA: 600 IU/day) improves insulin sensitivity or reduces insulin resistance in adults with overweight or obesity and no prior diagnosis of T2DM. Methods A literature search was conducted using PubMed and CINAHL with the following search terms: ((vitamin D OR cholecalciferol supplement*) AND (overweight OR obes*) AND (insulin resistance OR insulin sensitivity)). The initial search generated 806 unduplicated articles. Filters and exclusions were applied; 171 articles were screened, 40 were reviewed in full-text and 5 randomized control trials published between 2015–2020 met inclusion criteria for the review. Results In all five studies, vitamin D3 supplementation in excess of the RDA for ≥3 months corrected vitamin D status, with no adverse effects, among the majority of subjects. Two studies provided a lifestyle intervention in addition to vitamin D3 at 25,000 and 50,000 IU/week for ≥3 months and significantly (p &lt; 0.001 and p = 0.04 respectively) improved insulin sensitivity in adults with overweight or obesity and vitamin D deficiency. However, no significant effects on insulin response were observed in the other three studies. Conclusions High-dose vitamin D3 was effective in repleting vitamin D status in adults with overweight or obesity and inadequate vitamin D levels, and should be recommended per Endocrine Society clinical practice guidelines. Furthermore, vitamin D3 supplementation in excess of the RDA for ≥3 months combined with a lifestyle intervention may have a beneficial effect on insulin response in adults who are at risk for T2DM. Funding Sources None.

scholarly journals Vitamin D3 supplementation improves insulin sensitivity in subjects with impaired fasting glucose

2011 ◽  
Vol 158 (5) ◽  
pp. 276-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaban Nazarian ◽  
John V. St. Peter ◽  
Raymond C. Boston ◽  
Sidney A. Jones ◽  
Cary N. Mariash
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Impaired Fasting Glucose ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Vitamin D3 Supplementation

The effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on markers of cardiovascular health in hyperparathyroid, vitamin D insufficient women: a randomized placebo-controlled trial

Endocrine ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 182-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lise Sofie Bislev ◽  
Lene Langagergaard Rødbro ◽  
Jesper Nørgaard Bech ◽  
Erling Bjerregaard Pedersen ◽  
Alisa D. Kjaergaard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Vitamin D3 Supplementation

The effect of supplementation of vitamin D in neurocritical care patients: RandomizEd Clinical TrIal oF hYpovitaminosis D (RECTIFY)

2020 ◽  
Vol 133 (4) ◽  
pp. 1103-1112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Karsy ◽  
Jian Guan ◽  
Ilyas Eli ◽  
Andrea A. Brock ◽  
Sarah T. Menacho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patient Outcome ◽  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Neurocritical Care ◽  
Hypovitaminosis D ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Saps Ii ◽  
Gcs Score

OBJECTIVEHypovitaminosis D is prevalent in neurocritical care patients, but the potential to improve patient outcome by replenishing vitamin D has not been investigated. This single-center, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, randomized (1:1) clinical trial was designed to assess the effect on patient outcome of vitamin D supplementation in neurocritical care patients with hypovitaminosis D.METHODSFrom October 2016 until April 2018, emergently admitted neurocritical care patients with vitamin D deficiency (≤ 20 ng/ml) were randomized to receive vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol, 540,000 IU) (n = 134) or placebo (n = 133). Hospital length of stay (LOS) was the primary outcome; secondary outcomes included intensive care unit (ICU) LOS, repeat vitamin D levels, patient complications, and patient disposition. Exploratory analysis evaluated specific subgroups of patients by LOS, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, and Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS II).RESULTSTwo-hundred seventy-four patients were randomized (intent-to-treat) and 267 were administered treatment within 48 hours of admission (as-treated; 61.2% of planned recruitment) and monitored. The mean age of as-treated patients was 54.0 ± 17.2 years (56.9% male, 77.2% white). After interim analysis suggested a low conditional power for outcome difference (predictive power 0.12), the trial was halted. For as-treated patients, no significant difference in hospital LOS (10.4 ± 14.5 days vs 9.1 ± 7.9 days, p = 0.4; mean difference 1.3, 95% CI −1.5 to 4.1) or ICU LOS (5.8 ± 7.5 days vs 5.4 ± 6.4 days, p = 0.4; mean difference 0.4, 95% CI −1.3 to 2.1) was seen between vitamin D3 and placebo groups, respectively. Vitamin D3 supplementation significantly improved repeat serum levels compared with placebo (20.8 ± 9.3 ng/ml vs 12.8 ± 4.8 ng/ml, p < 0.001) without adverse side effects. No subgroups were identified by exclusion of LOS outliers or segregation by GCS score, SAPS II, or severe vitamin D deficiency (≤ 10 ng/ml).CONCLUSIONSDespite studies showing that vitamin D can predict prognosis, supplementation in vitamin D–deficient neurocritical care patients did not result in appreciable improvement in outcomes and likely does not play a role in acute clinical recovery.Clinical trial registration no.: NCT02881957 (clinicaltrials.gov)

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