scholarly journals A Review of the Effect of Vitamin D3 Supplementation on Insulin Response in Adults With Overweight or Obesity

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1312-1312
Author(s):  
Kimberly Gaskill ◽  
Madeline Bartzis ◽  
Annalyse Boucher ◽  
Kristin Lawton ◽  
Rex Liang ◽  
...  

Abstract Objectives There is an inverse association between serum vitamin D and excess body weight, insulin resistance, β-cell dysfunction, and the risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Given that inadequate vitamin D is common in adults with overweight or obesity, vitamin D supplementation may improve insulin response. The aim of this review was to investigate whether vitamin D3 supplementation in excess of the Recommended Daily Allowance (RDA: 600 IU/day) improves insulin sensitivity or reduces insulin resistance in adults with overweight or obesity and no prior diagnosis of T2DM. Methods A literature search was conducted using PubMed and CINAHL with the following search terms: ((vitamin D OR cholecalciferol supplement*) AND (overweight OR obes*) AND (insulin resistance OR insulin sensitivity)). The initial search generated 806 unduplicated articles. Filters and exclusions were applied; 171 articles were screened, 40 were reviewed in full-text and 5 randomized control trials published between 2015–2020 met inclusion criteria for the review. Results In all five studies, vitamin D3 supplementation in excess of the RDA for ≥3 months corrected vitamin D status, with no adverse effects, among the majority of subjects. Two studies provided a lifestyle intervention in addition to vitamin D3 at 25,000 and 50,000 IU/week for ≥3 months and significantly (p < 0.001 and p = 0.04 respectively) improved insulin sensitivity in adults with overweight or obesity and vitamin D deficiency. However, no significant effects on insulin response were observed in the other three studies. Conclusions High-dose vitamin D3 was effective in repleting vitamin D status in adults with overweight or obesity and inadequate vitamin D levels, and should be recommended per Endocrine Society clinical practice guidelines. Furthermore, vitamin D3 supplementation in excess of the RDA for ≥3 months combined with a lifestyle intervention may have a beneficial effect on insulin response in adults who are at risk for T2DM. Funding Sources None.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) one of the most common endocrine disorders in women of reproductive age, the pathogenesis of PCOS imitated to be as a vicious cycle involving both hyperandrogenaemia and insulin resistance/hyperinsulinemia. Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is common among women with PCOS (approximately 67%–85% women with PCOS have VDD). Vitamin D3 and CoQ10 could affect glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity and improve metabolic abnormalities in PCOS. The study was designed to evaluate the effect of combining oral vitamin D3 tablet or CoQ10 capsule with clomiphene citrate on metabolic biomarkers in women with clomiphene citrate resistance PCOS patients. A prospective interventional randomized-controlled, open-label study include 41 PCOS patients aged range (18-34)years who are clomiphene citrate resistant divided into two groups, group 1 (n=24) whose endogenous vitamin D status less than 20ng/ml receive clomiphene citrate 100mg daily(for 5 days monthly induction) plus vitamin D 10000IU daily (2 months) and group 2 (n=17) whose endogenous vitamin D status equal or more than 20ng/ml receive clomiphene citrate 100mg daily(for 5 days monthly induction) plus CoQ10 200mg daily (2 months). Fasting blood samples were taken at baseline and 2 months after intervention to measure metabolic biomarkers [fasting serum insulin (FSI), fasting blood glucose (FBG), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI)]. After 2 months both interventions result in non-significant change in FSI and FBG while HOMA-IR and QUICKI decreased by both interventions, but the decrease is significant only with CoQ10 supplementations. In conclusion, Vitamin D and CoQ10 supplementation result in improvement in HOMA-IR and QUICKI but the improvement was more obvious in CoQ10 group.


Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2170
Author(s):  
Shaun Sabico ◽  
Mushira A. Enani ◽  
Eman Sheshah ◽  
Naji J. Aljohani ◽  
Dara A. Aldisi ◽  
...  

Objective: Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with an increased risk of COVID-19 severity. This multi-center randomized clinical trial aims to determine the effects of 5000 IU versus 1000 IU daily oral vitamin D3 supplementation in the recovery of symptoms and other clinical parameters among mild to moderate COVID-19 patients with sub-optimal vitamin D status. Study Design and Setting: A total of 69 reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) SARS-CoV-2 positive adults who were hospitalized for mild to moderate COVID-19 disease were allocated to receive once daily for 2 weeks either 5000 IU oral vitamin D3 (n = 36, 21 males; 15 females) or 1000 IU oral vitamin D3 (standard control) (n = 33, 13 males; 20 females). Anthropometrics were measured and blood samples were taken pre- and post-supplementation. Fasting blood glucose, lipids, serum 25(OH)D, and inflammatory markers were measured. COVID-19 symptoms were noted on admission and monitored until full recovery. Results: Vitamin D supplementation for 2 weeks caused a significant increase in serum 25(OH)D levels in the 5000 IU group only (adjusted p = 0.003). Within-group comparisons also showed a significant decrease in BMI and IL-6 levels overtime in both groups (p-values < 0.05) but was not clinically significant in between-group comparisons. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis revealed that the 5000 IU group had a significantly shorter time to recovery (days) than the 1000 IU group in resolving cough, even after adjusting for age, sex, baseline BMI, and D-dimer (6.2 ± 0.8 versus 9.1 ± 0.8; p = 0.039), and ageusia (loss of taste) (11.4 ± 1.0 versus 16.9 ± 1.7; p = 0.035). Conclusion: A 5000 IU daily oral vitamin D3 supplementation for 2 weeks reduces the time to recovery for cough and gustatory sensory loss among patients with sub-optimal vitamin D status and mild to moderate COVID-19 symptoms. The use of 5000 IU vitamin D3 as an adjuvant therapy for COVID-19 patients with suboptimal vitamin D status, even for a short duration, is recommended.


2016 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pang Yao ◽  
Liang Sun ◽  
Ling Lu ◽  
Hong Ding ◽  
Xiafei Chen ◽  
...  

Abstract Context: Little is known about how genetic and nongenetic factors modify responses of vitamin D supplementation in nonwhite populations. Objective: To investigate factors modifying 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and bioavailable 25(OH)D [25(OH)DBio] responses after vitamin D3 supplementation. Design, Setting, Participants, and Intervention: In this 20-week, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial, 448 Chinese with vitamin D deficiency received 2000 IU/d vitamin D3 or placebo. Main Outcome Measures: Serum 25(OH)D, vitamin D-binding protein (VDBP), parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcium were measured, and 25(OH)DBio was calculated based on VDBP levels. Six common polymorphisms in vitamin D metabolism genes were genotyped. Results: Between-arm net changes were +30.6 ± 1.7 nmol/L for 25(OH)D, +2.7 ± 0.2 nmol/L for 25(OH)DBio, and −5.2 ± 1.2 pg/mL for PTH, corresponding to 70% [95% confidence interval (CI), 62.8% to 77.2%] net reversion rate for vitamin D deficiency at week 20 (P &lt; 0.001). Only 25(OH)DBio change was positively associated with calcium change (P &lt; 0.001). Genetic factors (GC-rs4588/GC-rs7041, VDR-rs2228570, and CYP2R1-rs10741657; P ≤ 0.04) showed stronger influences on 25(OH)D or 25(OH)DBio responses than nongenetic factors, including baseline value, body mass index, and sex. An inverse association of PTH-25(OH)D was demonstrated only at 25(OH)D of &lt;50.8 (95% CI, 43.6 to 59.0) nmol/L. Conclusions: Supplemented 2000 IU/d vitamin D3 raised 25(OH)D and 25(OH)DBio but was unable to correct deficiency in 25% of Chinese participants, which might be partially attributed to the effect of genetic modification. More studies are needed to elucidate appropriate vitamin D recommendations for Asians and the potential clinical implications of 25(OH)DBio.


Author(s):  
Vinu Jamwal ◽  
Wani Zahid Hussain ◽  
Abhinav Gupta ◽  
Anil K. Gupta

Background: Over the past decade, vitamin D is more known as a hormone because of its extra - skeletal outcomes in various disease conditions, including diabetes. Most cells, including the pancreatic β-cells, contain the vitamin D receptor and they also have the capability to produce the biologically active 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25(OH)2D3] which allows intracrine and paracrine functions. In vitro studies have shown that the active vitamin D metabolite 1,25(OH)2D stimulated insulin release by the pancreatic β-cells. Vitamin D is known to have immune modulatory and anti-inflammatory effects and reduces peripheral insulin resistance by altering low-grade chronic inflammation. This study was done to assess whether supplementation of vitamin D in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with Vitamin D deficiency has any favourable effect on insulin resistance.Methods: It was a short term interventional study conducted at ASCOMS hospital Jammu including a total of 50 vitamin D deficient [25(OH) D <50 nmol/l] T2DM patients with an in-adequate glycemic control (HbA1c > 7.0%). All the 50 study participants completed the study and there were no changes either in anti-hyperglycemic drugs (including insulin) or antihypertensive drugs being used. After supplementation with a single high dose (600000 IU) of parenteral vitamin D3 changes in HOMA-IR (Homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance) were seen on follow up at 3 months.Results: Vitamin D3 supplementation improved insulin sensitivity, HOMA-IR decreased from 4.05±1.42 to 3.93±1.28 (p =0.011). It decreased equally in males (3.85±1.43 to 3.76±1.30) (p value=0.023) and females (4.24±1.42 to 4.10±1.27) (p value=0.021). HOMA-IR showed negative association with Vitamin D levels both at baseline and after 3 months of follow up.Conclusions: This improvement in insulin sensitivity is evidenced in our study by decrease in fasting insulin levels (FIL) and improvement in fasting blood sugars (FBS). It is due to both direct and indirect effects of Vitamin D3 on both insulin sensitivity and secretion.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document