scholarly journals Hypertension Awareness, Treatment, and Control in US Adults: Trends in the Hypertension Control Cascade by Population Subgroup (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999–2016)

2019 ◽  
Vol 188 (12) ◽  
pp. 2165-2174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Foti ◽  
Dan Wang ◽  
Lawrence J Appel ◽  
Elizabeth Selvin
Keyword(s):  
Older Women ◽  
National Health ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Hypertension Control ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Population Subgroup ◽  
Younger Men ◽  
Hypertension Awareness ◽  
And Control

Abstract Examination of changes in hypertension awareness, treatment, and control (i.e., the hypertension control cascade) by population subgroup can inform targeted efforts to improve hypertension control and reduce disparities. We analyzed 1999–2016 data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and examined trends across 6-year periods in hypertension awareness, treatment, and control by age, sex, and race/ethnicity. We included 39,589 participants (16,141 with hypertension). Hypertension awareness, treatment, and control increased from 1999 to 2016 among all age groups. However, there were few changes after 2010. Across all time periods, awareness, treatment, and control were higher among younger women (ages 25–44 years) than among younger men, while control was higher among older men (ages ≥65 years) than among older women. Hypertension control was persistently lower for blacks than for whites of all ages, and awareness, treatment, and control were lower among younger Hispanics. There have been few changes in hypertension awareness, treatment, and control since 2010. Disparities in hypertension control by sex highlight the need for effective interventions among younger men and older women. Concerted efforts are also needed to reduce persistent racial/ethnic disparities, particularly to improve treatment control among blacks and to further address gaps at all stages among younger Hispanics.

Abstract P374: Trends in Hypertension Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment, and Control: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2014

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Foti ◽  
Dan Wang ◽  
Elizabeth Selvin
Keyword(s):  
National Health ◽  
Hypertension Management ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Hypertension Control ◽  
Hypertension Prevalence ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
And Control ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Age Category

Introduction: The decline in cardiovascular disease mortality in the US has stalled in recent years, though patterns have varied by age and sociodemographic characteristics. Trends in prevalence of hypertension, as well as awareness, treatment, and control in population subgroups can shed light on opportunities for improving hypertension management and CVD prevention. Hypothesis: There has been greater improvement in hypertension control among adults aged ≥65 years than in middle- and younger-age (45-64 and 25-44 years) adults and that race and socioeconomic disparities may be narrower among adults aged ≥65 years. Methods: We analyzed data for adults aged ≥25 years from the 1999-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). We examined mean systolic blood pressure (SBP), prevalence of hypertension, and among those with hypertension, prevalence of awareness, treatment, and control by age category and survey cycle. We fit linear regression models for trends with interaction terms for age category and time. Results: Among those aged ≥65, mean SBP decreased 10.4 mmHg, from 143.2 to 132.9 mmHg, a significantly greater decrease than among those aged 45-64 (-3.1 mmHg) or 25-44 (-0.1 mmHg), though absolute SBP values are highest among those aged ≥65 ( Table ). Hypertension awareness, treatment, and control increased significantly each age category, but to a lesser extent among those 45-64 than those ≥65 (p-values for interaction: 0.031, 0.054, 0.051, respectively). Differences in hypertension control and mean SBP among whites and blacks were greater among those 45-64 than those ≥65. Within age categories, there were few significant differences in trends over time by race/ethnicity, education, or poverty to income ratio. Conclusions: Our findings highlight the need to address hypertension management among middle- and younger-age adults. Persistent disparities in hypertension control over time demonstrate that prevention and management of hypertension is a priority health equity issue.

scholarly journals Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of dyslipidemia among diabetes mellitus patients and predictors of optimal dyslipidemia control: results from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung Jae Kim ◽  
Oh. Deog Kwon ◽  
Kyung-Soo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Optimal Control ◽  
National Health ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control rates of dyslipidemia and identify the predictors of optimal control (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol < 100 mg/dL) among patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted using the representative Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2014–2018). Overall, 4311 patients with DM, aged ≥19 years, and without cardiovascular diseases were selected, and the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control rates of dyslipidemia were calculated. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to evaluate the factors influencing the optimal control of dyslipidemia. Results Dyslipidemia was prevalent in 83.3% of patients with DM, but the awareness and treatment rates were 36.5 and 26.9%, respectively. The control rate among all patients with dyslipidemia was 18.8%, whereas it was 61.1% among those being treated. Prevalence and awareness rates were also significantly higher in women than in men. Dyslipidemia was most prevalent in those aged 19–39 years, but the rates of awareness, treatment, and control among all patients with dyslipidemia in this age group were significantly lower than those in other age groups. The predictors of optimal control were age ≥ 40 years [range 40–49 years: adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 3.73, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.43–9.72; 50–59 years: aOR 6.25, 95% CI 2.50–15.65; 60–69 years: aOR 6.96, 95% CI 2.77–17.44; 70–79 years: aOR 9.21, 95% CI 3.58–23.74; and ≥ 80 years: aOR 4.43, 95% CI 1.60–12.27]; urban living (aOR 1.44, 95% CI 1.15–1.80); higher body mass index (aOR 1.27, 95% CI 1.13–1.42); lower glycated hemoglobin levels (aOR 0.71, 95% CI 0.67–0.76); hypertension (aOR 1.53, 95% CI 1.22–1.92); poorer self-rated health status (aOR 0.72, 95% CI 0.62–0.84); and receiving regular health check-ups (aOR 1.58, 95% CI 1.25–2.00). Conclusions Most patients with DM were diagnosed with dyslipidemia, but many were unaware of or untreated for their condition. Therefore, their control rate was suboptimal. Thus, by understanding factors influencing optimal control of dyslipidemia, physicians should make more effort to encourage patients to undergo treatment and thus, adequately control their dyslipidemia.

Development of the Hypertension Index Model in General Adult Using the Korea National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey and the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myung Jae Seo ◽  
Sung Gyun Ahn ◽  
Yong-Jae Lee ◽  
Jong Koo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Prediction Model ◽  
National Health ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Classification Model ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Epidemiology Study ◽  
Index Model ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Specific Prediction ◽  
And Control

BACKGROUND Hypertension, a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality, has been increasing. Along with emphasizing awareness and control of hypertension, predicting the incidence of hypertension is important. Several studies have previously reported prediction models of hypertension. However, among the previous models for predicting hypertension, few models reflect various risk factors for hypertension. OBJECTIVE We constructed a sex-specific prediction model using Korean datasets, which included socioeconomic status, medical history, lifestyle-related variables, anthropometric status, and laboratory indices. METHODS We utilized the data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2011 to 2015 to derive a hypertension prediction model. Participants aged 40 years or older. We constructed a sex-specific hypertension classification model using logistic regression and features obtained by literature review and statistical analysis. RESULTS We constructed a sex-specific hypertension classification model including approximately 20 variables. We estimated its performance using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey dataset from 2016 to 2018 (AUC = 0.807 in men, AUC = 0.854 in women). The performance of our hypertension model was considered significant based on the cumulative incidence calculated from a longitudinal dataset, the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study dataset. CONCLUSIONS We developed this hypertension prediction model using features that could be collected in a clinical office without difficulty. Individualized results may alert a person at high risk to modify unhealthy lifestyles.

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