scholarly journals Mortality After Extrahepatic Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Wall Surgery in Patients With Alcoholic Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 497-511
Author(s):  
Alfred Adiamah ◽  
Lu Ban ◽  
John Hammond ◽  
Peter Jepsen ◽  
Joe West ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Alcoholic Liver Disease ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Gastrointestinal Surgery ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Postoperative Mortality ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Umbilical Hernia Repair

Abstract Aims This meta-analysis aimed to define the perioperative risk of mortality in patients with alcoholic liver disease (ALD) undergoing extrahepatic gastrointestinal surgery. Methods Systematic searches of Embase, Medline and CENTRAL were undertaken to identify studies reporting about patients with ALD undergoing extrahepatic gastrointestinal surgery published since database inception to January 2019. Studies were only considered if they reported on mortality as an outcome. Pooled analysis of mortality was stratified as benign and malignant surgery and specific operative procedures where feasible. Results Of the 2899 studies identified, only five studies met inclusion criteria, representing cholecystectomy (one study), umbilical hernia repair surgery (one study) and oesophagectomy (three studies). The total number of patients with ALD in these studies was 172. Therefore, any study on liver disease patients undergoing extrahepatic surgery that crucially included a subset with alcohol aetiology was included as a secondary analysis even though they failed to stratify mortality by underlying aetiology. The total number of studies that met this expanded inclusion criteria was 62, reporting on 37,703 patients with liver disease of which 1735 (4.5%) had a definite diagnosis of ALD. Meta-analysis of proportions of in-hospital mortality in patients with ALD undergoing upper gastrointestinal cancer surgery (oesophagectomy) was 23% [95% confidence interval (CI) 14–35%, I2 = 0%]. In-hospital mortality following oesophagectomy in liver disease patients of all aetiologies was lower, 14% (95% CI 9–21%, I2 = 41.1%). Conclusion Postoperative in-hospital mortality is high in patients with liver disease and ALD in particular. However, the currently available evidence on ALD is limited and precludes definitive conclusions on postoperative mortality risk.

ASSESSMENT OF LIVER FIBROSIS IN ALCOHOLIC PATIENTS BY USING FIBROSCAN IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

2021 ◽  
pp. 43-47
Author(s):  
Veenit Kumar Prasad ◽  
Bapilal Bala ◽  
Biswadev Basumazumder ◽  
Achintya Narayan Ray
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Alcoholic Liver Disease ◽  
Transient Elastography ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Disease Patient ◽  
Liver Stiffness ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Number Of Patients

INTRODUCTION: Alcoholic liver disease is one of the major causes of premature deaths worldwide. Alcohol induced liver injury is the most prevalent cause of liver disease and effects 10% to 20% of population worldwide. Alcoholic liver disease comprises a wide spectrum of pathological changes ranging from steatosis, alcoholicsteato-hepatitis, Cirrhosis and nally hepatocellular carcinoma. Our aims in this study are to detect this change by non invasive method by liver broscan and its clinical implications. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Total 200 patients were taken for observational study, conducted at Coochbehar Government Medical college and hospital both outpatient department and indoor patients from May 2019 to January 2020. Liver stiffness was assessed by ultrasound based method of transient elastography using Fibroscan machine. Gradation of liver stiffness was expressed in kilopascals (KPa). RESULTS: Maximum number of patients of alcoholic liver disease were between 40 - 49 years of age (42.5%). Male patients is 87.5% and female patients 12.5%. distribution of Rural population is 36 % and Urban population is 64%. Majority of population85 patients (42.5%) had fatty liver and 40 patients (20%) have hepatomegaly, 41 patients (20.5%) had Coarse echotexture of liver parenchyma and 54 patients (27%) had Splenomegaly, 62 patients (31%) had Nodular liver and 62 patients. It is observed that 11 patients (5.5%) had Fibroscan score ≤7.5 and 47 patients (23.5%) had broscan score 7.6 -9.9 and 40 patients (20%) had broscan score 10-12.4, 36 patients (18 %) had broscan score 12.5 – 14.6 and 66 patients (33%) have broscan score ≥ 14.7. CONCLUSIONS: Transient Elastography (TE) is a newer non invasive assessment technique to detect the progression of brosis or brosis in alcoholic liver disease patient. Major advantage is it is noninvasive (costeffective) so that we can early detect progression of this cirrhosis and can give efforts to halt the disease progression.

Should Levetiracetam or Phenytoin Be Used for Posttraumatic Seizure Prophylaxis? A Systematic Review of the Literature and Meta-analysis

Neurosurgery ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 79 (6) ◽  
pp. 775-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nickalus R. Khan ◽  
Matthew A. VanLandingham ◽  
Tamara M. Fierst ◽  
Caroline Hymel ◽  
Kathryn Hoes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Antiepileptic Drug ◽  
Random Effects ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Seizure Prophylaxis ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Severe Tbi ◽  
Antiepileptic Drug Therapy

Abstract BACKGROUND: Posttraumatic seizure (PTS) is a significant complication of traumatic brain injury (TBI). OBJECTIVE: To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare levetiracetam with phenytoin for seizure prophylaxis in patients diagnosed with severe TBI. METHODS: An inclusive search of several electronic databases and bibliographies was conducted to identify scientific studies that compared the effect of levetiracetam and phenytoin on PTS. Independent reviewers obtained data and classified the quality of each article that met inclusion criteria. A random effects meta-analysis was then completed. RESULTS: During June and July 2015, a systematic literature search was performed that identified 6097 articles. Of these, 7 met inclusion criteria. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed. A total of 1186 patients were included. The rate of seizure was 35 of 654 (5.4%) in the levetiracetam cohort and 18 of 532 (3.4%) in the phenytoin cohort. Our meta-analysis revealed no change in the rate of early PTS with levetiracetam compared with phenytoin (relative risk, 1.02; 95% confidence interval, 0.53-1.95; P = .96). CONCLUSION: The lack of evidence on which antiepileptic drug to use in PTS is surprising given the number of patients prescribed an antiepileptic drug therapy for TBI. On the basis of currently available Level III evidence, patients treated with either levetiracetam or phenytoin have similar incidences of early seizures after TBI.

HFE genetic variability and risk of alcoholic liver disease: A meta-analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 626-633
Author(s):  
Yan-yan Xu ◽  
Yu-han Tang ◽  
Xiao-ping Guo ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Ping Yao
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Alcoholic Liver Disease ◽  
Meta Analysis

Reliability of Transient Elastography-Based Liver Stiffness for Diagnosing Portal Hypertension in Patients with Alcoholic Liver Disease: A Diagnostic Meta-Analysis with Specific Cut-Off Values

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (01) ◽  
pp. 60-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinzhen Song ◽  
Zida Ma ◽  
Jianbo Huang ◽  
Yan Luo ◽  
Romanas Zykus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Portal Hypertension ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Alcoholic Liver Disease ◽  
Transient Elastography ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Liver Stiffness ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Bivariate Model ◽  
Disease Etiology

Abstract Background Transient elastography-based liver stiffness value (TE-LSV) has been studied for the diagnosis of portal hypertension. Liver stiffness is influenced by the disease etiology. We aimed to perform a meta-analysis to determine the performance of TE-LSV for diagnosing portal hypertension in patients with alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Methods We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Ovid and Cochrane library. A bivariate model was used to compute sensitivity and specificity. A random effects model was used to pool diagnostic odds ratios. Results 9 studies with 679 patients were included. The pooled sensitivity and specificity based on a cut-off value around 21.8 kPa for clinically significant portal hypertension (CSPH) were 0.89 (95 % confidence interval (CI), 0.83–0.93) and 0.71(95 % CI, 0.64–0.78), respectively. For severe portal hypertension (SPH), the pooled sensitivity and specificity for a cut-off value around 29.1 kPa were 0.88 (95 % CI, 0.83–0.92) and 0.74 (95 % CI, 0.67–0.81), respectively. Conclusion TE-LSV showed good performance for diagnosing portal hypertension in patients with ALD. The optimal cut-off value for CSPH and SPH was around 21.8 kPa and 29.1 kPa, respectively, and these two cut-off values showed good sensitivity and modest specificity. The etiology should be clear before using TE-LSV for portal hypertension.

scholarly journals Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole versus norfloxacin in the prophylaxis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhosis

2005 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 256-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Fiolic Alvarez ◽  
Angelo Alves de Mattos ◽  
Esther Buzaglo Dantas Corrêa ◽  
Helma Pinchemel Cotrim ◽  
Tereza Virginia S. B. Nascimento
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Serum Bilirubin ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Bacterial Peritonitis ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The Mean ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Mean Time

BACKGROUND: The prognosis of patients with chronic liver disease and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis is poor, being of great importance its prevention. AIM: To compare the effectiveness of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole versus norfloxacin for prevention of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in patients with cirrhosis and ascites. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fifty seven patients with cirrhosis and ascites were evaluated between March 1999 and March 2001. All of them had a previous episode of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis or had ascitic fluid protein concentration <1 g/dL and/or serum bilirubin > 2.5 mg/dL. The patients were randomly assigned to receive either 800/160 mg/day of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole 5 days a week or 400 mg of norfloxacin daily. The mean time of observation was 163 days for the norfloxacin group and 182 days for the trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole group. In the statistical analysis, differences were considered significant at the level of 0.05. RESULTS: According to the inclusion criteria, 32 patients (56%) were treated with norfloxacin and 25 (44%) with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis occurred in three patients receiving norfloxacin (9.4%) and in four patients receiving trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (16.0%). Extraperitoneal infections occurred in 10 patients receiving norfloxacin (31.3%) and in 6 patients receiving trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (24.0%). Death occurred in seven patients (21.9%) who received norfloxacin and in five (20.0%) who received trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Side effects occurred only in the trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole group. CONCLUSION: In spite of the reduced number of patients and time of observation, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and norfloxacin were equally effective in spontaneous bacterial peritonitis prophylaxis, suggesting that trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is a valid alternative to norfloxacin.

Is goal-directed fluid therapy beneficial for gastrointestinal surgery within an enhanced recovery program? A systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Therapy ◽  
Postoperative Ileus ◽  
Postoperative Morbidity ◽  
Enhanced Recovery ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Gastrointestinal Surgery ◽  
Postoperative Mortality ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Anastomotic Leaks ◽  
Goal Directed Fluid Therapy

Objectives: To systematically evaluate the clinical effect of intraoperative goal-directed fluid therapy (GDFT) in gastrointestinal surgery within an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) program. Methods: EMBASE, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, PubMed, OVID, CNKI and other databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from the inception dates to December 2018. These studies included patients undergoing elective gastrointestinal surgery comparing regular fluid therapy versus GDFT within ERAS. The meta-analysis was carried on with RevMan 5.3. Results: A total of 10 RCT studies were included with 1216 patients. Compared with the regular fluid therapy group, the GDFT group reduced the rate of readmission [odds ratio, OR = 1.67, 95% CI (1.05, 2.65), P = 0.03] in gastrointestinal surgery patients within ERAS. However, there was no significant decrease in length of hospital stay (LOHS) [mean difference, MD = -0.11, 95% CI (-1.22, 1.00), P = 0.85], postoperative morbidity [OR = 0.78, 95% CI (0.55, 1.11), P = 0.17], postoperative mortality [OR = 0.86, 95% CI (0.30, 2.49), P = 0.78], postoperative ileus [OR = 1.24, 95% CI (0.70, 2.19), P = 0.45], anastomotic leaks [OR= 0.66, 95% CI (0.29, 1.49), P = 0.31] and the first gastrointestinal motility time [MD = -0.37, 95% CI (-1.07, 0.33), P = 0.30]. Conclusions: The current evidence demonstrates that, in gastrointestinal surgery within ERAS, GDFT decreased the rate of readmission. However, there was no advantage over regular fluid therapy in the reduction of LOHS, postoperative morbidity, postoperative mortality, postoperative ileus and anastomotic leaks.

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