scholarly journals Lower [3H]Citalopram Binding in Brain Areas Related to Social Cognition in Alcoholics

2014 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olli Kärkkäinen ◽  
Virpi Laukkanen ◽  
Tuija Haukijärvi ◽  
Hannu Kautiainen ◽  
Jari Tiihonen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Brain Areas

Embodied Resonance

2018 ◽  
pp. 416-432
Author(s):  
Vittorio Gallese ◽  
Corrado Sinigaglia
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Mirror Neurons ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
Mental Simulation ◽  
Action Execution ◽  
Brain Areas ◽  
Embodied Simulation ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Macaque Monkeys

Mental simulation was claimed to provide a distinctive way of gaining knowledge about others’ actions and thoughts since the late 1980s. A decade later, the discovery of mirror neurons in macaque monkeys and the evidence of mirror brain areas in humans presented a new angle on this claim, suggesting also an embodied approach to simulation. The aim of the present chapter is to introduce and discuss this embodied approach and its role in basic social cognition. In doing this, we shall start by characterizing the distinctive features of embodied simulation (ES), especially in relation to its its motor aspects. Then, we shall provide evidence for the claim that ES may be critically involved in understanding others’ actions. Finally, we shall explore the conjecture that ES might involve a common ground for action execution and observation not only at the functional but also at the phenomenological level.

Activation of brain areas concerned with social cognition during moral decisions is abnormal in schizophrenia patients and unaffected siblings

2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 774-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Delfina de Achával ◽  
Mirta F. Villarreal ◽  
Arleen Salles ◽  
M. Julia Bertomeu ◽  
Elsa Y. Costanzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Brain Areas ◽  
Moral Decisions

scholarly journals Reading a Suspenseful Literary Text Activates Brain Areas Related to Social Cognition and Predictive Inference

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. e0124550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moritz Lehne ◽  
Philipp Engel ◽  
Martin Rohrmeier ◽  
Winfried Menninghaus ◽  
Arthur M. Jacobs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Literary Text ◽  
Predictive Inference ◽  
Brain Areas

Social behaviors and gray matter volumes of brain areas supporting social cognition in children and adolescents with prenatal alcohol exposure

2021 ◽  
Vol 1761 ◽  
pp. 147388
Author(s):  
Erik de Water ◽  
Madeline N. Rockhold ◽  
Donovan J. Roediger ◽  
Alyssa M. Krueger ◽  
Bryon A. Mueller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Prenatal Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Social Behaviors ◽  
Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Brain Areas ◽  
Prenatal Alcohol ◽  
Gray Matter Volumes

scholarly journals Effort shapes social cognition and behaviour: a neuro-cognitive framework

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Sebastian Contreras-Huerta ◽  
M. Andrea Pisauro ◽  
Matthew A J Apps
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Social Behaviour ◽  
Social Motivation ◽  
Neural Basis ◽  
Social Situations ◽  
Brain Areas ◽  
Capacity Limits ◽  
Cognitive Framework ◽  
Social Behaviours

Theoretical accounts typically posit that variability in social behaviour is a function of capacity limits. We argue that many social behaviours are goal-directed and effortful, and thus variability is not just a function of capacity, but also motivation. Leveraging recent work examining the cognitive, computational and neural basis of effort processing, we put forward a framework for motivated social cognition. We argue that social cognition is demanding, people avoid its effort costs, and a core-circuit of brain areas that guides effort-based decisions in non-social situations may similarly evaluate whether social behaviours are worth the effort. Thus, effort sensitivity dissociates capacity limits from social motivation, and may be a driver of individual differences and pathological impairments in social cognition.

Social judgement in clinically stable patients with schizophrenia and healthy relatives: behavioural evidence of social brain dysfunction

2007 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 747-754 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Baas ◽  
M. van't Wout ◽  
A. Aleman ◽  
R. S. Kahn
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Face Perception ◽  
Brain Dysfunction ◽  
Social Brain ◽  
Brain Areas ◽  
General Ability ◽  
First Degree Relatives ◽  
Social Judgement ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Behavioural Evidence

BackgroundPatients with schizophrenia have been found to display abnormalities in social cognition. The aim of the study was to test whether patients with schizophrenia and unaffected first-degree relatives of schizophrenic patients display behavioural signs of social brain dysfunction when making social judgements.MethodEighteen patients with schizophrenia, 24 first-degree unaffected relatives and 28 healthy comparison subjects completed a task which involves trustworthiness judgements of faces. A second task was completed to measure the general ability to recognize faces.ResultsPatients with schizophrenia rated faces as more trustworthy, especially those that were judged to be untrustworthy by healthy comparison subjects. Siblings of schizophrenia patients display the same bias, albeit to a lesser degree.ConclusionsThe pattern of more positive trustworthiness judgements parallels the results from studies of patients with abnormalities in brain areas involved in social cognition. Because patients and siblings did not differ significantly from controls in their general ability to recognize faces, these findings cannot be dismissed as abnormalities in face perception by itself.

scholarly journals Are Older Adults’ Difficulties on Emotion Recognition and Theory of Mind Tasks Due to a Decline in General Cognitive Ability?

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiuyi Kong ◽  
Nicholas Currie ◽  
Kangning Du ◽  
Ted Ruffman
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Social Cognition ◽  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Fluid Intelligence ◽  
Differential Rate ◽  
Brain Areas ◽  
Contradictory Evidence ◽  
Rate Of Decline ◽  
Unique Predictor

Abstract Older adults have both worse general cognition and worse social cognition. A frequent suggestion is that worse social cognition is due to worse general cognition. However, previous studies have often provided contradictory evidence. The current study examined this issue with a more extensive battery of tasks for both forms of cognition. We gave 47 young and 40 older adults three tasks to assess general cognition (processing speed, working memory, fluid intelligence) and three tasks to assess their social cognition (emotion and theory-of-mind). Older adults did worse on all tasks and there were correlations between general and social cognition. Although working memory and fluid intelligence were unique predictors of performance on the Emotion Photos task and the Eyes task, Age Group was a unique predictor on all three social cognitiaon tasks. Thus, there were relations between the two forms of cognition but older adults continued to do worse than young adults even after accounting for general cognition. We argue that this pattern of results is due to some overlap in brain areas mediating general and social cognition, but also independence, and with a differential rate of decline in brain areas dedicated to general cognition versus social cognition.

scholarly journals Neurocognitive Basis of Schizophrenia: Information Processing Abnormalities and Clues for Treatment

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Aleman
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Social Cognition ◽  
Cognitive Neuroscience ◽  
Emotional Processing ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Neural Basis ◽  
Brain Areas ◽  
Cognition And Emotion ◽  
The Past

Schizophrenia is a chronic and severe psychiatric disorder that affects all aspects of patients’ lives. Over the past decades, research applying methods from psychology and neuroscience has increasingly been zooming in on specific information processing abnormalities in schizophrenia. Impaired activation of and connectivity between frontotemporal, frontoparietal, and frontostriatal brain networks subserving cognitive functioning and integration of cognition and emotion has been consistently reported. Major issues in schizophrenia research concern the cognitive and neural basis of hallucinations, abnormalities in cognitive-emotional processing, social cognition (including theory of mind), poor awareness of illness, and apathy. Recent findings from cognitive neuroscience studies in these areas are discussed. The findings may have implications for treatment, for example, noninvasive neurostimulation of specific brain areas. Ultimately, a better understanding of the cognitive neuroscience of schizophrenia will pave the way for the development of effective treatment strategies.

Refining our understanding of the “elephant in the room”

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Whiten
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Cultural Evolution ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Critical Factors ◽  
Technological Culture

Abstract The authors do the field of cultural evolution a service by exploring the role of non-social cognition in human cumulative technological culture, truly neglected in comparison with socio-cognitive abilities frequently assumed to be the primary drivers. Some specifics of their delineation of the critical factors are problematic, however. I highlight recent chimpanzee–human comparative findings that should help refine such analyses.

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