scholarly journals Different Characteristics and Heritabilities of Alcohol Use Disorder Classes: A Population-Based Swedish Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 647-655
Author(s):  
E C Long ◽  
H Ohlsson ◽  
J Sundquist ◽  
K Sundquist ◽  
K S Kendler
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Environmental Influence ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Outpatient Prescription ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Swedish Sample

Abstract Aims The aims of the present study are to identify alcohol use disorder (AUD) classes among a population-based Swedish sample, determine if these classes differ by variables known to be associated with AUD and determine whether some AUD classes have stronger genetic influences than others. Methods A latent class analysis (LCA), based on types of registrations, was conducted on Swedish individuals with an AUD registration born between 1960 and 1990 (N = 184,770). These classes were then validated using demographics; patterns of comorbidity with drug abuse, psychiatric disorders and criminal behavior; and neighborhood-level factors, i.e. peer AUD and neighborhood deprivation. The degree of genetic and environmental influence was also investigated. Results The best-fit LCA had four classes: (a) outpatient/prescription, characterized by a mix of outpatient medical and prescription registrations, (b) low-frequency inpatient, characterized entirely by inpatient medical registrations, with the majority of individuals having one AUD registration, (c) high-frequency mixed, characterized by a mix of all four registration types, with the majority having four or more registrations and (d) crime, characterized almost entirely by criminal registrations. The highest heritability for both males and females was found for Class 3 (61% and 65%, respectively) and the lowest for Class 1 (20% for both), with shared environmental influences accounting for 10% or less of the variance in all Classes. Conclusions Using comprehensive, nationwide registry data, we showed evidence for four distinct, meaningful classes of AUD with varying degrees of heritability.

scholarly journals Alcohol use disorder and divorce: evidence for a genetic correlation in a population-based Swedish sample

Addiction ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 112 (4) ◽  
pp. 586-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica E. Salvatore ◽  
Sara Larsson Lönn ◽  
Jan Sundquist ◽  
Paul Lichtenstein ◽  
Kristina Sundquist ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Swedish Sample

Sibling Alcohol Use Disorder Is Associated With Increased Risk for Suicide Attempt

2021 ◽  
pp. 216770262110250
Author(s):  
Mallory E. Stephenson ◽  
Sara Larsson Lönn ◽  
Jessica E. Salvatore ◽  
Jan Sundquist ◽  
Kenneth S. Kendler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Swedish Population ◽  
Sibling Pairs ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Shared Genetic

The association between having a sibling diagnosed with alcohol use disorder (AUD) and risk for suicide attempt may be attributable to shared genetic liability between AUD and suicidal behavior, effects of environmental exposure to a sibling’s AUD, or both. To distinguish between these alternatives, we conducted a series of Cox regression models using data derived from Swedish population-based registers with national coverage. Among full sibling pairs (656,807 males and 607,096 females), we found that, even after we accounted for the proband’s AUD status, the proband’s risk for suicide attempt was significantly elevated when the proband’s sibling was affected by AUD. Furthermore, the proband’s risk for suicide attempt was consistently higher when the sibling’s AUD registration had occurred more recently. Our findings provide evidence for exposure to sibling AUD as an environmental risk factor for suicide attempt and suggest that clinical outreach may be warranted following a sibling’s diagnosis with AUD.

scholarly journals Towards the characterization and validation of alcohol use disorder subtypes: integrating consumption and symptom data

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. Jackson ◽  
K. K. Bucholz ◽  
P. K. Wood ◽  
D. Steinley ◽  
J. D. Grant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Model Comparison ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Common Factor ◽  
Hybrid Approaches ◽  
Epidemiologic Survey ◽  
Alcohol Involvement ◽  
Best Fitting

BackgroundThere is evidence that measures of alcohol consumption, dependence and abuse are valid indicators of qualitatively different subtypes of alcohol involvement yet also fall along a continuum. The present study attempts to resolve the extent to which variations in alcohol involvement reflect a difference in kindversusa difference in degree.MethodData were taken from the 2001–2002 National Epidemiologic Survey of Alcohol and Related Conditions. The sample (51% male; 72% white/non-Hispanic) included respondents reporting past 12-month drinking at both waves (wave 1:n = 33644; wave 2:n = 25186). We compared factor mixture models (FMMs), a hybrid of common factor analysis (FA) and latent class analysis (LCA), against FA and LCA models using past 12-month alcohol use disorder (AUD) criteria and five indicators of alcohol consumption reflecting frequency and heaviness of drinking.ResultsModel comparison revealed that the best-fitting model at wave 1 was a one-factor four-class FMM, with classes primarily varying across dependence and consumption indices. The model was replicated using wave 2 data, and validated against AUD and dependence diagnoses. Class stability from waves 1 to 2 was moderate, with greatest agreement for the infrequent drinking class. Within-class associations in the underlying latent factor also revealed modest agreement over time.ConclusionsThere is evidence that alcohol involvement can be considered both categorical and continuous, with responses reduced to four patterns that quantitatively vary along a single dimension. Nosologists may consider hybrid approaches involving groups that vary in pattern of consumption and dependence symptomatology as well as variation of severity within group.

scholarly journals A latent class analysis of alcohol and posttraumatic stress symptoms among offspring of parents with and without alcohol use disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 112 ◽  
pp. 106640
Author(s):  
Annah K. Bender ◽  
Jacquelyn L. Meyers ◽  
Stacey Subbie-Saenz di Viteri ◽  
Marc Schuckit ◽  
Grace Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Latent Class Analysis ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms ◽  
Class Analysis ◽  
Stress Symptoms

scholarly journals A novel sibling-based design to quantify genetic and shared environmental effects: application to drug abuse, alcohol use disorder and criminal behavior

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 1639-1650 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. S. Kendler ◽  
H. Ohlsson ◽  
A. C. Edwards ◽  
P. Lichtenstein ◽  
K. Sundquist ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Twin Studies ◽  
Missing Heritability ◽  
Heritability Estimates ◽  
Missing Heritability Problem ◽  
Half Sibling

BackgroundTwin studies have been criticized for upwardly biased estimates that might contribute to the missing heritability problem.MethodWe identified, from the general Swedish population born 1960–1990, informative sibships containing a proband, one reared-together full- or half-sibling and a full-, step- or half-sibling with varying degrees of childhood cohabitation with the proband. Estimates of genetic, shared and individual specific environment for drug abuse (DA), alcohol use disorder (AUD) and criminal behavior (CB), assessed from medical, legal or pharmacy registries, were obtained using Mplus.ResultsAggregate estimates of additive genetic effects for DA, AUD and CB obtained separately in males and females varied from 0.46 to 0.73 and agreed with those obtained from monozygotic and dizygotic twins from the same population. Of 54 heritability estimates from individual classes of informative sibling trios (3 syndromes × 9 classes of trios × 2 sexes), heritability estimates from the siblings were lower, tied and higher than those from obtained from twins in 26, one and 27 comparisons, respectively. By contrast, of 54 shared environmental estimates, 33 were lower than those found in twins, one tied and 20 were higher.ConclusionsWith adequate information, human populations can provide many methods for estimating genetic and shared environmental effects. For the three externalizing syndromes examined, concerns that heritability estimates from twin studies are upwardly biased or were not generalizable to more typical kinds of siblings were not supported. Overestimation of heritability from twin studies is not a likely explanation for the missing heritability problem.

scholarly journals Divorce and the Onset of Alcohol Use Disorder: A Swedish Population-Based Longitudinal Cohort and Co-Relative Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 174 (5) ◽  
pp. 451-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth S. Kendler ◽  
Sara Larsson Lönn ◽  
Jessica Salvatore ◽  
Jan Sundquist ◽  
Kristina Sundquist
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Swedish Population ◽  
Longitudinal Cohort
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