scholarly journals Apple, Codling Moth Control with Insecticidal Oil and Guthion, 1995

1996 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-13
Author(s):  
J. F. Brunner ◽  
M. D. Doerr ◽  
L. O. Smith
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Apple Orchard ◽  
Larval Feeding ◽  
Feeding Sites ◽  
Tree Fruit ◽  
Extension Center

Abstract Four highly refined insecticidal oils, Orchex 796 98%, Orchex 692 98%, WS-2928 98%, and Guthion were evaluated for their ability to control CM over the entire season. The test was conducted in an apple orchard at the Tree Fruit Research and Extension Center. The trees were 15-yr-old spur type Delicious on dwarfing roots. Treatments were applied to 1-tree plots replicated 5 times in a randomized complete block. All treatments were applied with a handgun sprayer at 300 psi to the point of drip. The CM injury evaluations were made on 6 Jun following the first generation, and at harvest on 31 Aug. Twenty-five apples per replicate were sampled on 6 Jun and the total number of CM injured fruit and those marked by spray residue recorded. At harvest, all fruit from each replicate were examined and the number of CM and PLR injured fruit recorded. Because of the high percentage of CM injured fruit at harvest, a 10-fruit subsample was chosen at random from each replicate and the number of CM stings and entries per fruit recorded. PLR and WALH were sampled on 8 Aug. Twenty shoots were examined and the total number of active PLR larval feeding sites recorded. Ten leaves were examined for the presence of WALH and the total number of nymphs recorded.

Effect of Rate and Timing of Biorational Materials for Control of Second Generation White Apple Leafhopper Nymphs, 1995

1996 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-7
Author(s):  
E. H. Beers
Keyword(s):  
Second Generation ◽  
Apple Orchard ◽  
Tree Canopy ◽  
Single Tree ◽  
Tree Fruit ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Experimental Treatments ◽  
Extension Center ◽  
Mature Apple

Abstract The test was conducted in a mature apple orchard (several strains of ‘Delicious’) at the Tree Fruit Research & Extension Center, Wenatchee, WA. Treatments were replicated 4 times, with each replicate consisting of a single tree. The experimental design was a RCB, using pre-treatment WALH populations as the blocking factor. The experimental treatments (three types of horticultural mineral oil and Neemix, a neem product) were applied at various rates and timings. The timings were selected based on previous experience of WALH phenology. The late Jul timing (27 Jul) coincides with the appearance of the 4th instars, while the mid-Aug timing (14 Aug) coincides with the first appearance of adults of the second generation. Pesticides were applied with a handgun sprayer to the point of drip. WALH populations were sampled ca. weekly by counting in situ all live nymphs on 20 leaves per tree, distributed throughout the tree canopy.

scholarly journals Bioassay, Effect of Field-Aged Residue Degradation of Basillus Thuringiensis, 1994

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 351-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Brunner ◽  
M. D. Doerr ◽  
L. O. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Constant Temperature ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Larval Survival ◽  
Apple Orchard ◽  
Food Storage ◽  
Storage Container ◽  
Tree Fruit ◽  
Petri Dishes ◽  
Extension Center ◽  
Neonate Larvae

Abstract Using a leaf-disk bioassay, B. thuringiensis products were evaluated for residue effects on PLR and OBLR neonate larvae. The test was conducted in an apple orchard at the Tree Fruit Research and Extension Center. The trees were 15-yr-old spur type ‘Red Delicious’ on dwarfing roots. The treatments were applied on 22 Sep at the recommended rate with a handgun sprayer at 300 psi to the point of drip, simulating a dilute spray of approximately 400 gal/acre. Each treatment was replicated three times with one tree in each. Ten leaves were collected from the interior canopy of each tree at 1, 4, 6 and 8 DAT. Two punches (2.3 cm diameter) were taken from each leaf. Four punches were placed in a petri dish (Falcon 1006, 50 × 9 mm), keeping the leaves from each replication separate. Petri dishes were chosen randomly, and five 1- to 2-d-old leafroller larvae were placed on the leaves. Five petri dishes were prepared for each tree and each leafroller species (75 larvae per treatment). The petri dishes were placed inside a food storage container and kept at 20°C constant temperature and a photoperiod of 16:8 (L:D) h. Petri dishes were examined after 7 d and larval survival recorded.

scholarly journals Effect of Registered and Experimental Insecticides on Second Generation White Apple Leafhopper, 1996

1997 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-2
Author(s):  
E. H. Beers
Keyword(s):  
Apple Orchard ◽  
Tree Canopy ◽  
2Nd Generation ◽  
Single Tree ◽  
Tree Fruit ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Experimental Treatments ◽  
Extension Center ◽  
Mature Apple

Abstract The test was conducted in a mature apple orchard (several strains of ‘Delicious’) on the grounds of the Tree Fruit Research and Extension Center. Treatments were replicated 4 times, with each replicate consisting of a single tree. The experimental design was a randomized complete block, using pre-treatment leafhopper populations as the blocking factor. The experimental treatments were applied on 21 Aug, which coincided with the 1st appearance of adults of the 2nd generation. Pesticides were applied with a handgun sprayer to the point of drip. WALH populations were sampled c-a. weekly by counting in situ all live nymphs on 20 leaves per tree, distributed throughout the tree canopy.

scholarly journals A study of codling moth (Cydia pomonella) parasitism by Ascogaster quadridentata in a derelict apple orchard

2014 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 325-325
Author(s):  
P.W. Shaw ◽  
D.R. Wallis
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Cydia Pomonella ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Apple Orchard ◽  
Larval Feeding ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Slow Development ◽  
Ascogaster Quadridentata ◽  
Corrugated Cardboard ◽  
The Uk

Ascogaster quadridentata (Hymenoptera Braconidae) is a codling moth parasitoid native to Europe and established in New Zealand following introductions from the UK in the 1930s Ascogaster quadridentata parasitises the eggs of codling moth and develops and overwinters throughout the larval period of the host finally emerging from the host larval cocoon in spring As a result of its slow development the parasitoid does not protect the fruit from larval feeding damage Codling moth larvae in overwintering cocoons concealed under bark on apple trees were collected from a derelict orchard in Upper Moutere Nelson Larvae (n117) were carefully extracted from their cocoons and introduced into rolls of corrugated cardboard to complete their development Eightyeight larvae were successfully reared and 37 of these (42) were parasitized by A quadridentata This result is similar to a limited number of other records for this parasitoid in New Zealand and indicates that A quadridentata assists in reducing high populations of codling moth in derelict orchards or wild apple trees which are the main source for codling moth infestations in nearby commercial orchards

SEASONAL HISTORY, ADULT FLIGHT ACTIVITY, AND DAMAGE OF THE OBLIQUEBANDED LEAFROLLER, CHORISTONEURA ROSACEANA (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE), IN FILBERT ORCHARDS

1986 ◽  
Vol 118 (4) ◽  
pp. 351-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.T. AliNiazee
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Flight Activity ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Larval Feeding ◽  
Choristoneura Rosaceana ◽  
Periodic Field ◽  
Obliquebanded Leafroller ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
Seasonal History

AbstractSeasonal history, adult flight activity, and damage of the obliquebanded leafroller, Choristoneura rosaceana (Harris), on filbert were studied during a 7-year period between 1976 and 1984. Data from periodic field counts and moth catches in sex-attractant traps indicated two generations per year. The first-generation adult capture peak was generally higher than the second, except in 1978 when about an equal number of moths were trapped from both generations. A physiological time scale, using degree-days (DD), was devised for predicting emergence of obliquebanded leafroller adults. The first adults from overwintering larvae emerged at approximately 374 DD above a threshold of 10 °C starting 1 March. A total of 1172 DD were required between the first and the last adult emergence during the first generation and about 519 DD during the second generation. The obliquebanded leafroller causes both foliar and nut damage in filbert orchards of Oregon. Foliar damage was insignificant, but nut damage, caused exclusively by the first-generation larvae during June and early July, was highly destructive. Larval feeding on nuts caused staining and premature drop of infested nuts resulting in substantial yield reduction in heavily infested orchards.

Potential Postharvest Use of Radiography to Detect Internal Pests in Deciduous Tree Fruits

2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
James D. Hansen ◽  
Donald W. Schlaman ◽  
Ron P. Haff ◽  
Wee L. Yee
Keyword(s):  
Cydia Pomonella ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Ct Imaging ◽  
Deciduous Tree ◽  
Larval Feeding ◽  
Feeding Damage ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Tree Fruits ◽  
Non Destructive

Radiographic techniques were investigated for their potential to detect internal pests in deciduous tree fruits. Two non-destructive methods, X-ray CT imaging and film X-ray, were used to detect larval feeding damage caused by codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), in apples. In addition, CT imaging was used to detect larvae of the codling moth and western cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis indifferens Curran (Diptera: Tephritidae), in cherries. Both techniques showed evidence of codling moth feeding tunnels in apples, as well as in cherries using CT imaging. CT images of cherries infested with fruit fly larvae showed retraction of the fruit pulp from the seed. This study supports the use of radiography to detect internally damaged fruits for sorting on the commercial packing line.

SUPPRESSION OF CODLING MOTH (LEPIDOPTERA: OLETHREUTIDAE) BY SEX PHEROMONE TRAPPING OF MALES

1976 ◽  
Vol 108 (10) ◽  
pp. 1037-1040 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. R. MacLellan
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Apple Orchard ◽  
Pheromone Traps ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Moth Population ◽  
Pheromone Trapping ◽  
Sex Pheromone Traps ◽  
Intensive Use ◽  
Fruit Damage

AbstractThe intensive use of sex pheromone traps in an insecticide-free apple orchard from 1972 to 1974 reduced the codling moth population and level of fruit damage. The sex ratio of bait-trapped adults indicated that the male population was being reduced by the pheromone traps. In commercial orchards pheromone trapping of males suppressed codling moth damage to fruit but the amount of damage was above acceptable economic levels.

ARTIFICIAL DIET FOR MASS PRODUCTION OF THE CODLING MOTH, CARPOCAPSA POMONELLA (LEPIDOPTERA: OLETHREUTIDAE)

1969 ◽  
Vol 101 (6) ◽  
pp. 577-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. E. Brinton ◽  
M. D. Proverbs ◽  
B. E. Carty
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
Wheat Germ ◽  
Artificial Diet ◽  
Sorbic Acid ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Apple Orchard ◽  
Cabbage Looper ◽  
Wood Sawdust

AbstractAn artificial diet for rearing the codling moth is described. It is a modification of a casein–wheat germ diet that was initially developed for the cabbage looper. Agar was replaced by a mixture of wood sawdust, wheat flour, and wood pulp. Growth of microorganisms was controlled by sorbic acid and aureomycin, and by lowering the pH of the diet to 3.5 with citric acid. Production cost for dietary ingredients was about $1/1000 moths. The moths were slightly smaller than those reared on apple. When confined in cages, the sterilized diet-reared moths were somewhat less competitive than the apple-reared insects. However, sterilized diet-reared male moths released in an apple orchard dispersed more rapidly than sterilized apple-reared males.

scholarly journals Studierea influenţei componenţilor minori asupra eficienţei feromonilor sexuali ai viermelui mărului

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Sleahtici ◽  
◽  
Natalia Raileanu ◽  
Vasilisa Odobescu ◽  
Svetlana Jalba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Binary Mixture ◽  
Cydia Pomonella ◽  
Minor Component ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Apple Orchard ◽  
Pheromone Traps ◽  
Minor Components ◽  
Rubber Septa ◽  
Number Of Males

In this paper is reported the evaluation of biological efficacy of two minor components that was added to the basic sex pheromone component Cydia pomonella L., E8, E10-C12-OH. The use of minor component- C.M.-1 of increasing concentrations in binary mixture compositions with the basic sex phe-romone component of codling moth on pheromone-impregnated rubber septa in delta pheromone traps has shown an increased effectiveness by 56-62% in field trials on apple orchard. At the same time, the number of males caught in delta pheromone traps where were used minor component - C.M.-2 in binary mixture compositions increased by 29-35%. Auxiliary research is still needed.

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