scholarly journals Control of Rice Water Weevil and Rice Stalk Borer with Fipronil, 1997

1998 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 259-260
Author(s):  
J.L. Bernhardt
Keyword(s):  
Salt Water ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Rice Seed ◽  
Silt Loam ◽  
Soil Cores ◽  
Plot Size ◽  
Mesh Screen ◽  
Foundation Seed ◽  
Rice Water ◽  
Experimental Use

Abstract This was a non-replicated trial with 4 treatments for experimental use permit. Whole-plot size was 3 acres for each treatment. Whole plots were divided into 3 subplots each with 55 ft X 665 ft of planted area. Each subplot was bound by levees. Fipronil 80 WP was tank mixed with water and applied preplant on 23 May by a tractormounted sprayer delivering 10.3 gpa. The insecticide was incorporated with a field cultivator set at a 2-3-inch depth. Foundation rice seed was treated with fipronil 75 FS by Celpril Industries (Manteca, CA). Treated and untreated foundation seed rice was drill seeded in Crowley silt loam at 90 lb/acre (6-inch row spacing) on 23 May and emerged on 29 May. Subplots were temporarily flooded (flushed) on 12-13 Jun to facilitate growth. Thiobencarb (Bolero 8 E), quinclo-rac (Facet 75 DF), and propanil (Stam 4 E) at 3, 0.33, and 1 lb (AI)/acre, respectively, were applied by aircraft for weed control on 2 Jun. Also, propanil at 3 lb (AI)/acre was applied by aircraft on 24 Jun. Permanent flood was established on 24-25 Jun. Furadan 3 G was applied by aircraft on 9 Jul, 14 d after permanent flood. On 17 Jul and 30 Aug, six 4 X 4 inch (diam by depth) soil cores with an average of 6 plants/core were removed from each subplot. Soil was washed from the plant roots into a 40-mesh screen. The screen was immersed in salt water and RWW immatures were removed and counted. In each treatment, 1,330 ft along the edge of subplots was examined for the presence of rice whiteheads with blank florets. Stems of whiteheads were examined for the presence of RSB immatures or for evidence of their presence. Whole subplots were harvested with a combine on 3 and 6 Oct. Recorded yields were adjusted to 12% moisture. Data were analyzed with a 1-way ANOVA and means separated with LSD

scholarly journals Control of Rice Water Weevil with Selected Insecticides, 1997

1998 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 260-261
Author(s):  
J.L. Bernhardt
Keyword(s):  
Salt Water ◽  
Plant Roots ◽  
Silt Loam ◽  
Soil Cores ◽  
Emergence Period ◽  
Plot Size ◽  
Mesh Screen ◽  
Rainy Weather ◽  
Foundation Seed ◽  
Rice Water

Abstract The experimental design was a RCB with 6 treatments and 4 replications. Plot size was 9 rows (7-inch spacing) by 20 ft. Each plot was bound by levees. Foundation seed rice was treated with fipronil 75 FS by Celpril Industries (Manteca, CA). Treated and untreated rice was drill seeded by Crowley silt loam at 90 lb/acre on 13 May and emerged between 24 and 28 May. Cool, rainy weather extended the emergence period and contributed to 5 to 15% stand reduction in plots. Propanil (Stam M4) and thiobencarb (Bolero 8 E) at 3 and 2 lb (AI)/acre, respectively, were applied for weed control on 12 Jun. Nitrogen was applied in a 3-way split of 90 lb N/acre as urea on 2 Jul and 30 lb N/acre on 23 and 31 Jul. Permanent flood was established on 27 Jun. Post-flood foliar treatments of Fury, Karate, and Dimilin were made with a CO2-pressurized backpack sprayer at 18 gpa. On 18 and 23 Jul three 4X4 inch (diam by depth) soil cores with an average of 3 plants/core were removed from plots. Soil was washed from the plant roots into a 40-mesh screen. The screen was immersed in salt water and RWW immatures were removed. Plots were harvested with a Yanmar combine on 7 Oct. Reported yields were adjusted to 12% moisture. Data were analyzed with an ANOVA and means separated with LSD.

scholarly journals Control of Rice Water Weevil with Dimilin, 1996A

1997 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 288-288
Author(s):  
J. L. Bernhardt
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Plant Roots ◽  
Silt Loam ◽  
Soil Cores ◽  
Plot Size ◽  
Rice Water Weevil ◽  
Mesh Screen ◽  
Rice Water

Abstract The experimental design was a RCB with 4 replications. Plot size was 9 rows (7 inch spacing) by 20 ft. Each plot was bound by levees. Rice was drill-seeded in Crowley silt loam at 90 lb/acre on 3 May and emerged on 12 May. Propanil and Bolero at 4 and 2 lb (AI)/acre, respectively, were applied for weed control on 29 May. Nitrogen was applied in a 3-way split of 75 lb N/acre as urea on 12 Jun and 30 lb N/acre on 5 and 14 Jul. Permanent flood was established on 12 Jun. All treatments of Dimilin were made with a CO2-pressurized back-pack sprayer at 18 gpa. Furadan 3G was applied 10 d after permanent flood with a hand-shaker. On 3 and 5 Jul and on 9 and 10 Jul five 4X4 inch (diam by depth) soil cores with an average of 5 plants/core were removed from plots. Soil was washed from the plant roots into a 40-mesh screen. The screen was immersed in salt water and RWW immatures were removed. Plots were harvested with a small combine on 13 Sept. Reported yields were adjusted to 12% moisture. Data were analyzed with ANOVA and LSD.

scholarly journals Control of Rice Water Weevil with Fipronil Applied Preplant Incorporated, 1994

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 225-225
Author(s):  
J. L. Bernhardt
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Plant Roots ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Silt Loam ◽  
Soil Cores ◽  
Plot Size ◽  
Untreated Check ◽  
Small Plot ◽  
Rice Water

Abstract Three rates of fipronil (EXP60655A 1.5G) applied preplant and lightly incorporated were compared with carbofuran (Furadan 3G) and an untreated check for control of RWW. Experimental design was a RCB with 4 replications. Plot size was 9 rows (7 inch row spacing) × 16 ft. Rice was drill-seeded in a Crowley silt loam at 110 lb/acre 12 May and emerged 20 May. Fipronil was applied broadcast with a hand shaker and lightly incorporated with a hand rake on 12 May. Propanil and thiobencarb at 2 lb (AI)/acre each and bentazon at 1 lb (AI)/acre were applied 1 Jun. Permanent flood was applied on 13 Jun. Nitrogen was applied in a 3-way split of 120 lb/acre on 13 Jun and 30 lb/acre each on 15 and 26 Jul. Furadan 3G was applied broadcast with a hand shaker on 20 Jun. On 5 and 12 Jul five 4 × 4 inch (diam by depth) soil cores were removed from each plot. Soil was washed from plant roots into 40-mesh screens. Screens were immersed in salt water and RWW immatures were recovered and counted. The center 4 rows × 12 feet of plots were harvested on 27 Sep with a small plot combine. Reported yields were adjusted to 12% moisture.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Furadan and Payload for Rice Water Weevil Control, 1993

1994 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 257-257
Author(s):  
M. A. Muegge ◽  
J. D. Barbour ◽  
G. B. Trahan ◽  
P. A. Bollich
Keyword(s):  
Row Spacing ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Silt Loam ◽  
Orthogonal Contrasts ◽  
Rice Water Weevil ◽  
Wire Screen ◽  
Pesticide Treatment ◽  
Mesh Screen ◽  
Application Date ◽  
Rice Water

Abstract Furadan and Payload were evaluated for control of rice water weevil at the Rice Research Station, Crowley, LA. Plots, 1.22 × 7.5 m, were individually leveed and arranged in a RCBD with 4 replicates and 4 treatments. Fertilizer was incorporated pre-plant and applied broadcast 3 wk post-flood at 50.6 kg (13-13-13) and 101.2 kg (21-0-0) N-P-K/ha respectively. Plots were drill seeded (17.5 cm row spacing) to Crowley silt loam with ‘Cyprus’ rice at 112.5 kg seed/ha on 12 May, flush irrigated 14 and 21 May, and permanently flooded 28 May. Propanil was applied at 3.34 kg/ha on 26 May using a CO2 backpack sprayer delivering 141.9 liters/ha at 1.8 kg/cm2 for weed control. Benomyl was aerially applied at 0.56 kg/ha on 28 Jun to control rice blast. Furadan 3G was applied 15 d post-flood using a hand-held shaker. Payload 15G was applied 15 d post-flood and at 2.95 kg/ha 15 and 29 d post-flood. Two randomly selected soil samples per plot were taken every 7 d starting 9 Jun and ending 21 Jul using a 10.2 × 10.2 cm core sampler. Individual samples were washed through a funnel, fitted with wire screen, into a 35 mesh screen sieve. Collected RWW larvae and pupae were floated in a saturated NaCl solution, counted and corrected for the number of rice plants per core. Effects of pesticide treatment on numbers of immature RWW were determined by ANOVA using orthogonal contrasts to separate the following mean comparisons: 1) Untreated vs Treated; 2) Furadan 3G vs Payload 15G applied once at 5.9 kg/ha and Payload applied twice a 2.95 kg/ha/application date; (3) Payload 15G applied once at 5.9 kg/ha vs Payload applied twice at 2.95 kg/ha/application. Because no significant differences in larva numbers were found among the Payload treatments, these were pooled and the following contrasts made: 1) Untreated vs Treated; 2) Furadan 3G vs Payload 15G. Analysis was performed using larval counts corrected and uncorrected for the number of plants per core, since these analyses produced similar results, only uncorrected means are presented in the table. All analyses were conducted at the 0.05 probability level.

scholarly journals Control of Rice Water Weevil with Diflubenzuron–Eup Experiment,1996

1997 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 300-300
Author(s):  
M.O. Way ◽  
R.G. Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Rice Plant ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Soil Cores ◽  
Deep Soil ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Plot Size ◽  
Spray Volume ◽  
Rice Water ◽  
Extension Center ◽  
Experimental Use

Abstract The experiment was conducted at the TAMU Agricultural Research and Extension Center at Beaumont and was a non-replicated experimental use permit (EUP) study with 4 treatments. Plot size was 4.77 acres. One d before planting, plots were fertilized by air with 55 lb nitrogen and 40 lb phosphorus/acre. Fertilizer was incorporated with a “do-all” On 23 Mar plots were drill planted (7.5 inches between rows) at 90 lb seed/acre. Soil type was Labelle. Seed was treated with Apron-FI, Vitavax 200 Flowable, Zinc Starter, and Release LC. After planting, plots were “rolled” to help cover seed and to create a firm seedbed. Plots were flush irrigated (temporary flood for 24h then drain) 2 Apr. Rice emerged 11 Apr. Rice was flush irrigated as needed until application of the permanent flood on 5 May (24 d after rice emergence). On 24 Apr, Facet 75DF and Stam 4E at 0.5 lb and 2 qt/acre, respectively, were applied by air. Urea at 60 lb nitrogen/acre was applied by air on 3 May. All diflubenzuron treatments and Furadan 3G were applied by air. Final spray volume for the diflubenzuron treatments was 10 gpa. On 30 May urea was applied by air at 55 lb nitrogen/acre; thus, total nitrogen for the season was 170 lb/acre. All aerial applications were made by M&M Air Service of Beaumont. On each of 26 May and 13 Jun (21 d and 39 d, respectively, after application of the permanent flood), twenty 4 inch diam X 4 inch deep soil cores (each core containing at least 1 rice plant) were removed from each plot. Rice plants in cores were washed and immature RWW recovered from the roots. On 7 Aug, plots were harvested with a John Deere 9400 combine. For yield data, 3 swaths (each swath 400 ft X 12 ft) in each plot were cut and total grain weight recorded. Yields were adjusted to 12% moisture. Insect counts were transformed usingx + 0.5 and analyzed by 1-way ANOVA and LSD.

scholarly journals Control of Rice Water Weevil With Fipronil in A Drill-Seeded, Delayed Flood Culture–Eup Study, 1996

1997 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 297-297
Author(s):  
M.O. Way ◽  
R.G. Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Soil Cores ◽  
Deep Soil ◽  
Untreated Seed ◽  
Plot Size ◽  
Spray Volume ◽  
Rice Water ◽  
Extension Center ◽  
Experimental Use

Abstract The experiment was conducted at the TAMU Agricultural Research and Extension Center at Beaumont and was a non-replicated experimental use permit (EUP) study with 4 treatments. Plot size was 3 acres. On 26 Mar, plots were fertilized by air with 55-40-0 at 56 lb nitrogen/acre. Fertilizer was in-corporated with a “Do-all” on the same day. On 27 Mar, a designated plot was treated with Fipronil 80 WG at 0.0325 lb (AI)/acre using a large (11 nozzle, tip size80015, 50 mesh screens), 2 person, hand-held spray boom pressurized with CO2. Final spray volume was 10.6 gpa. Following application, the treatment was incorporated with a spike-tooth harrow. On 27 Mar, plots were drill-planted (7.5 inches between rows) with fipronil-treated or untreated seed at 90 lb/acre. Seed was treated with fipronil at 0.0325 lb (AI)/ cwt seed. All seed was provided by Rhone-Poulenc Ag Company which obtained untreated, registered seed from G&H Seed Co., Inc., Crowley, LA. Plots were “rolled” after planting to help cover seed and to create a firm seedbed. Plots were flush irrigated (temporary flood for 24th, then drain) on 5 Apr. Rice emerged 15 Apr. No differences in emergence were detected among the plots. From emergence to application of the permanent flood onl6May(31d after rice emergence), rice was flush irrigated as needed. On 24 Apr, plots were treated by air with Stam 4E and Basagran at 3 qt and 1 pt/acre, respectively. On 9 May, plots were fertilized by air with urea at 55 lb nitrogen/acre. Furdan 3G at 0.5 lb (AI)/acre was applied by air to the designated plot on 30 May (14 d after application of the permanent flood). On each of 5 Jun and 24 Jun (20 and 39 d after application of the permanent flood), twenty 4 inch diam X 4 inch deep soil cores were removed (each core containing at least 1 rice plant) from each plot. Rice plants in cores were washed and immature RWW recovered from the roots. On 3 Jun, plots were fertilized with urea at 60 lb nitrogen/acre; thus, total nitrogen applied to the plots for the growing season was 171 lb/acre. All aerial applications were made by M&M Air Service of Beaumont, TX. Plots were not harvested due to mechanical and weather problems. Insect counts were transformed using x + 0.5 and analyzed by 1 -way ANOVA and LSD.

scholarly journals Control of Rice Water Weevil with Karate 1Ec, 1995

1996 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 282-283
Author(s):  
M. O. Way ◽  
R. G. Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Rice Plant ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Soil Cores ◽  
Deep Soil ◽  
Flood Depth ◽  
Mesh Screen ◽  
Spray Volume ◽  
Rice Water ◽  
Extension Center ◽  
Metal Barrier

Abstract The experiments were conducted at the TAMU Agricultural Research and Extension Center at Beaumont. Experiment I was water-seeded rice with continuous flood. The experiment was designed as a RCB with 6 treatments and 4 replications. Each plot was 15 ft X 8 ft and was surrounded by a metal barrier to prevent movement of insecticide. On 12 May plots were treated with Ordram 1 at 27 lb/acre and fertilized with urea at 110.5 lb N/acre followed by a light incorporation into dry, cloddy soil (League) with a rake. Plots were then flooded and sown (12 May) with presprouted Gulfmont seed at 130 lb dry seed/acre. To prepare presprouted seed, dry seed was soaked in water for 24 h then drained and allowed to air dry for 24 h before planting. Flood depth was about 4 inches and rice emerged through water 18 May–6 d after planting. Karate treatments were applied with a 4 nozzle (tip size 800067, 50 mesh screen), hand-held, CO2 pressurized spray rig. Final spray volume was 30 gpa. Furadan was applied with a hand-held shaker jar at the rate and time shown in Table 1. On 12 Jun (25 d after emergence of rice through water) 5, 4 inch diam X 4 inch deep soil cores (each core contained at least 1 rice plant) were removed from each plot, washed, and immature RWW recovered. At maturity (24 Aug) plots were harvested with a small combine and yields adjusted to 12% moisture. Insect counts were transformed using x+0.5 and all data analyzed by 2 way ANOVA and, where appropriate, DMRT.

scholarly journals Control of Rice Water Weevil with Fipronil, 1995

1996 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 281-282
Author(s):  
M. O. Way ◽  
R. G. Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Soil Cores ◽  
Deep Soil ◽  
Untreated Seed ◽  
Flood Depth ◽  
Mesh Screen ◽  
Entire Experiment ◽  
Dry Soil ◽  
Rice Water ◽  
Extension Center

Abstract The experiments were conducted at the TAMU Agricultural Research and Extension Center at Beaumont. Experiment I was water-seeded rice with continuous flood. The experiment was designed as a RCB with 9 treatments and 4 replications. Each plot was 15 ft X 8 ft, surrounded by a metal barrier to prevent movement of insecticide. On 28 Apr, plots were treated with the herbicide Ordram 15G at 4 lb (AI)/acre and fertilized with 19-19-19 at 250 lb/acre (47.5 lb N/acre). Herbicide and fertilizer were applied by hand and lightly incorporated with a rake into League soil. Fipronil-impregnated fertilizer was provided by Rhone-Poulenc Ag Company. EXP60655A 1.65G was applied with a hand-held shaker jar. EXP60720A 80WG was applied with a 4 nozzle (tip size 800067, 50 mesh screen), hand-held, CO2 pressurized spray rig. Final spray volume was 32 gpa. EXP60655A 1.65G and EXP60720A 80WG were lightly incorporated with a rake into the dry soil. Following these operations, plots were flooded on 28 Apr and hand-planted (water-seeded) on the same day with appropriate presprouted treated or untreated seed at 130 lb dry seed/acre. To presprout seed, dry seed was soaked in water for 1 d then drained for 1 d. Seed treatments were applied to presprouted seed according to instructions provided by Rhone-Poulenc Ag Company. On 7 May (9 d after planting) rice emerged through the water (flood depth was about 4 inches). Furadan 3G was applied with a hand-held shaker jar. On 12 Jun, urea was applied to all plots at 50 lb N/acre (97.6 lb N/acre was applied for the entire experiment). From 24 May-1 Jun (17-25 d after rice emergence through the water), 5, 4 inch diam X 4 inch deep soil cores (each core contained at least 1 rice plant) were removed from each plot, washed, and immature RWW recovered. Sampling was repeated 22-26 Jun (46-50 d after emergence through the water). At maturity (16 Aug), plots were harvested with a small combine and yields adjusted to 12% moisture. Insect counts were transformed using x+0.5 and all data analyzed by 2 way ANOVA and, where appropriate, DMRT.

scholarly journals Control of Rice Water Weevil with Exp 80698A 75 Fs in a Water-Seeded, Pinpoint Flood Culture, 1997

1998 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 269-270
Author(s):  
M. O. Way ◽  
R. G. Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Rice Seed ◽  
Soil Cores ◽  
Deep Soil ◽  
Plastic Bag ◽  
Sprouted Seeds ◽  
Small Plot ◽  
Rice Water ◽  
Extension Center

Abstract The experiment was conducted at the TAMU Agricultural Research and Extension Center at Beaumont and was designed as a RCB with 6 treatments and 4 replications. Each plot was 15 ft X 8 ft and surrounded by a metal barrier to prevent movement of insecticide. On 19 Apr, plots were fertilized with urea at 113 lb nitrogen/acre and treated with Ordram 15 G at 17 lb/acre. Selected plots were sprayed with selected insecticide treatments on 19 Apr using a 4 nozzle (tip size 800067, 50 mesh screens); hand-held spray rig pressurized with CO2. Final spray volume was 16 gpa. The insecticides were incorporated into dry League soil using a rake. Immediately after incorporation, plots were flooded. On 22 Apr, plots were planted with sprouted seed at 120 lb dry seed/acre. Sprouted seeds were prepared by soaking untreated, dry seed for 24 h followed by draining and drying for 24 h. Selected plots were hand planted with selected seed treatments which were applied using the “Le Sak” method in which sprouted seed was placed in a plastic bag and insecticide poured over the seed. The seed and insecticide were mixed inside the bag until seed adsorbed all insecticide. The bag was opened and insecticide allowed to dry on seed. On 25 Apr, plots were drained and reflooded 29 Apr. Rice in most treatments emerged through water on 1 May; however, untreated rice and rice seed treated with EXP 80698A at 0.05 lb (AI)/acre did not emerge through water for 1 to 3 d later. On 10 May (9 d after emergence of rice through water), selected plots were treated with Furadan 3 G at 20 lb/acre using a hand-held shaker jar. On each of 22 May, 11 Jun, and 10 Jul, plots were fertilized with urea at 30 lb nitrogen/acre; thus, total nitrogen applied to plots during the growing season was 203 lb/acre. On each of 28 May and 10 Jun (27 and 43 d, respectively, after emergence of rice through water), five 4-inch diam X 4 inch deep soil cores (each containing at least 1 rice plant) were removed from each plot. Rice plants in cores were washed and immature RWW recovered from the roots. At maturity, plots were harvested (15 Aug = 106 to 109 d after emergence of rice through water) with a small plot combine. Yields were adjusted to 12% moisture. Insect counts were transformed using x + 0.5 and all data analyzed by 2-way ANOVA and DMRT.

scholarly journals Verification of disease management technology on lentil against Stemphylium blight at farmer’s field in Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-61
Author(s):  
Subash Subedi ◽  
Sarswati Neupane
Keyword(s):  
Lens Culinaris ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Plot Size ◽  
Management Technology ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Stemphylium Blight ◽  
Benefit Cost

Technologies generated from lentil (Lens culinaris Medik) stemphylium blight (Stemphylium botryosum Walr) management experiments were verified at farmers field of 5 districts viz., Chitawan, Rautahat, Dang, Parsa and Banke during two winter seasons of 2013-2014 and 2014- 2015. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with factorial arrangement of treatments and replicated 4 times. The plot size was 340 m2 (1 Kattha) with 25 cm row to row spacing. There were altogether 3 factors of the experiment i.e. year (2013-2014 and 2014-2015), location (5 districts) and package of practice (improved and farmers practice). The higher crop yield (1142.50 kg/ha) with lower disease index (34.95%) and higher benefit cost ratio of 2.42 were recorded in the farmers field of Banke district following seed rate (30 kg/ha), 8 hour primed improved variety (Black lentil), fertilizer doze of (20:40:20 NPK kg/ha+ 1 kg/ha B basal doze) and subsequent 3 sprays of Dithane M-45 @ 2.5 g/l of water at 10 days interval.

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