scholarly journals Untangling cryptic diversity in the High Andes: Revision of the Scytalopus [magellanicus] complex (Rhinocryptidae) in Peru reveals three new species

The Auk ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 137 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Niels K Krabbe ◽  
Thomas S Schulenberg ◽  
Peter A Hosner ◽  
Kenneth V Rosenberg ◽  
Tristan J Davis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Species Turnover ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Species Limits ◽  
Peruvian Andes ◽  
Tropical Mountains ◽  
Avian Biodiversity ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Diverse Data

Abstract Tropical mountains feature marked species turnover along elevational gradients and across complex topography, resulting in great concentrations of avian biodiversity. In these landscapes, particularly among morphologically conserved and difficult to observe avian groups, species limits still require clarification. One such lineage is Scytalopus tapaculos, which are among the morphologically most conserved birds. Attention to their distinctive vocal repertoires and phylogenetic relationships has resulted in a proliferation of newly identified species, many of which are restricted range endemics. Here, we present a revised taxonomy and identify species limits among high-elevation populations of Scytalopus tapaculos inhabiting the Peruvian Andes. We employ an integrated framework using a combination of vocal information, mitochondrial DNA sequences, and appearance, gathered from our own fieldwork over the past 40 yr and supplemented with community-shared birdsong archives and museum specimens. We describe 3 new species endemic to Peru. Within all 3 of these species there is genetic differentiation, which in 2 species is mirrored by subtle geographic plumage and vocal variation. In a fourth species, Scytalopus schulenbergi, we document deep genetic divergence and plumage differences despite overall vocal similarity. We further propose that an extralimital taxon, Scytalopus opacus androstictus, be elevated to species rank, based on a diagnostic vocal character. Our results demonstrate that basic exploration and descriptive work using diverse data sources continues to identify new species of birds, particularly in tropical environs.

scholarly journals Three new species of the genus Coddingtonia from Asia (Araneae, Theridiosomatidae)

ZooKeys ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 886 ◽  
pp. 113-126
Author(s):  
Chengcheng Feng ◽  
Yucheng Lin
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Current Paper ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Three New Species

The current paper expands knowledge of the genus Coddingtonia Miller, Griswold & Yin, 2009. Based on morphological characters and molecular data, three species are documented as new to science: C. erhuan Feng & Lin, sp. nov. (♀) from China, C. lizu Feng & Lin, sp. nov. (♀) from China, and C. huifengi Feng & Lin, sp. nov. (♂♀) from Indonesia. The type of C. euryopoides Miller, Griswold & Yin, 2009 is also reexamined. DNA sequences (COI), detailed illustrations of habitus, male palp and epigyne are provided for these four species, as well as a key and a distribution map for Coddingtonia species.

scholarly journals Three new species of leaflitter frogs from the upper Amazon forests: cryptic diversity within Pristimantis "ockendeni" (Anura: Strabomantidae) in Ecuador

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1784 (1) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
KATHRYN R. ELMER ◽  
DAVID C. CANNATELLA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Cryptic Diversity ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Multiple Species

We describe three new species of Pristimantis leaflitter frogs from the upper Amazon basin of Ecuador: Pristimantis achuar, Pristimantis altamnis, and Pristimantis kichwarum. Each of these new species was previously considered to be part of a single species, formerly known as Eleutherodactylus ockendeni (Boulenger) morph B. However, analysis of DNA sequences together with examination of the morphology of more than 600 specimens from Ecuador reveals that multiple species were confused under the same name. The morphological differences among the three new species are subtle but consistent: presence or absence of a black canthal stripe and/or supratympanic ridge, snout-vent length, and ventral colouration. The three species are generally allopatric and geographically restricted, although at some localities two of the species occur sympatrically.Describimos tres especies nuevas de ranas del sotobosque de la cuenca Amazónica Ecuatoriana: Pristimantis achuar, Pristimantis altamnis y Pristimantis kichwarum. Estas especies fueron consideradas antes como una sola especie bajo el nombre Eleutherodactylus ockendeni (Boulenger) morfo B. Sin embargo, el análisis de secuencias de ADN y la examinación de la morfología de más que 600 especímenes Ecuatorianos indican que en realidad existen tres especies. Sus diferencias morfológicas son sutiles pero constantes: presencia o ausencia de una raya cantal negra y/o de un pliegue supratimpánico y su coloración ventral. Las tres especies tienen distribuciones alopátricas y distintas aunque en algunas localidades se puede encontrar dos de las tres especies juntas.

scholarly journals Acalyptris Meyrick: revision of the platani and staticis groups in Europe and the Mediterranean (Lepidoptera: Nepticulidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 1436 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
ERIK J. VAN NIEUKERKEN
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Mediterranean Species ◽  
Mt Dna ◽  
Pupal Exuviae ◽  
European Species ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Three New Species

The European and Mediterranean species of the Acalyptris platani and A. staticis groups are revised, with respectively four and six species. Three new species are described: A. pistaciae Van Nieukerken sp. n. (from Greece, Cyprus and Turkey, on Pistacia) in the platani group, A. limoniastri Van Nieukerken sp. n. (from Algeria and Tunisia, associated with Limoniastrum) and A. lesbia Van Nieukerken & Hull sp. n. (from Greece: Lesvos, on Limonium gmelini) in the staticis group. Lectotypes are selected for A. minimella (Rebel, 1924) and A. staticis (Walsingham, 1908). The European species of the A. platani group are leafminers on Anacardiaceae, Platanaceae and Loranthaceae, the species of the A. staticis group feed on Plumbaginaceae, except A. pyrenaica A. & Z. Laštůvka, for which the host is unknown, but likely to belong to another family. Immatures are described for five species, final instar larvae and pupal exuviae for all species in the A. platani group and for A. lesbia. Larvae and pupae of the latter species differ markedly from the A. platani group. Recorded parasitoids are listed. CO1 barcodes are provided for seven species. The groups are phylogenetically not very close; the monophyly of Acalyptris and the phylogeny on the basis of CO1 (mt-DNA) sequences are discussed.

scholarly journals Uncovering the species diversity of subterranean rodents at the end of the World: three new species of Patagonian tuco-tucos (Rodentia, Hystricomorpha, Ctenomys)

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e9259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Teta ◽  
Guillermo D’Elía
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Subterranean Rodents ◽  
South American ◽  
Northern Patagonia ◽  
Karyological Data ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Genus One

Ctenomys Blainville 1826 is one of the most diverse genera of South American caviomorph rodents. Currently, six species of this genus are reported from Patagonia, south of 42°S. In this contribution, we assessed the taxonomic status of several populations from eastern and central Chubut province, northern Patagonia. Based on phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequences, morphology assessment (qualitative and quantitative), and previously published karyological data, we describe three new species of this genus, one formed by two subspecies, endemic to northern Patagonia. In addition, we include C. coyhaiquensis Kelt and Gallardo 1994 into the synonymy of C. sericeus J.A. Allen 1903. Finally, we discussed the need for additional integrative approaches, including field collection of specimens, to better understand the diversity of this highly speciose rodent genus.

An integrative taxonomic approach to the identification of three new New Zealand endemic earthworm species (Acanthodrilidae, Octochaetidae: Oligochaeta)

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2994 (1) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
STEPHANE BOYER ◽  
ROBERT J. BLAKEMORE ◽  
STEVE D. WRATTEN
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
16S Rdna ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Earthworm Species ◽  
Holotype Specimen ◽  
Rdna Sequences ◽  
Taxonomic Approach ◽  
Three New Species

This work adds three new species to the ca. 200 currently known from New Zealand. In Acanthodrilidae is Maoridrilus felix and in Octochaetidae are Deinodrilus gorgon and Octochaetus kenleei. All three are endemics that often have restricted ranges; however, little is yet known of their distribution, ecology nor conservation status. DNA barcoding was conducted, which is the first time that New Zealand endemic holotypes have been so characterized. The barcoding region COI (cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1) as well as the 16S rDNA region were sequenced using tissue from the holotype specimen to provide indisputable uniqueness of the species. These DNA sequences are publically available on GenBank to allow accurate cross checking to verify the identification of other specimens or even to identify specimens on the basis of their DNA sequences alone. Based on their 16S rDNA sequences, the position of the three newly described species in the phylogeny of New Zealand earthworms was discussed. The description of new species using this approach is encouraged, to provide a user-friendly identification tool for ecologists studying diverse endemic faunas of poorly known earthworm species.

An expanded ND2 phylogeny of the brookii and prashadi groups with the description of three new Indian Hemidactylus Oken (Squamata: Gekkonidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4619 (3) ◽  
pp. 431-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
ISHAN AGARWAL ◽  
AARON M. BAUER ◽  
VARAD B. GIRI ◽  
AKSHAY KHANDEKAR
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Rocky Habitats ◽  
Nd2 Gene

We present an expanded ND2 phylogeny of the brookii and prashadi groups of Indian Hemidactylus. While relationships within the clades are not well resolved, we recover many well supported subclades and a number of deeply divergent lineages within each clade. We use morphological data to describe three of these divergent lineages as new species; Hemidactylus kolliensis sp. nov., a member of the prashadi group from high elevation in the Kollimalai Massif in Tamil Nadu, Hemidactylus chikhaldaraensis sp. nov. and Hemidactylus sankariensis sp. nov., both members of the brookii group, are described from high elevation of the Satpuras in Maharashtra and low elevation of Tamil Nadu, respectively. The three new species exhibit >15% divergence for the ND2 gene from their phylogenetic sisters and differ in a number of morphological characters from all Indian congeners. The discovery of three more endemic Hemidactylus species from rocky habitats suggests that many more remain to be discovered across India. 

Devriesia, a new hyphomycete genus to accommodate heat-resistant, cladosporium-like fungi

2004 ◽  
Vol 82 (7) ◽  
pp. 914-926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith A Seifert ◽  
Nancy L Nickerson ◽  
Michael Corlett ◽  
Eric D Jackson ◽  
Gerry Louis-Seize ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Heat Resistant ◽  
Lowbush Blueberry ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Spacer Dna

Three new species of heat-resistant fungi related to the hyphomycete Cladosporium staurophorum (Kendrick) M.B. Ellis were isolated from heat-treated soil from commercial lowbush blueberry fields and other sites in eastern Canada. Cladosporium staurophorum and the three new species produce characteristic dark, multicelled chlamy dospores. Phylogenetic analysis of nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer DNA sequences suggest that these four species form a monophyletic group that is marginal in the Mycosphaerellaceae and phylogenetically distinct from Cladosporium sensu stricto. The new genus Devriesia is described for C. staurophorum, the three new species, and a fifth species originally described as Cladosporium chlamydosporis. A key to distinguish the five accepted species is provided. The species of the genus are dimorphic and share similar cladosporium-like conidial anamorphs consisting of pale brown, short, acropetally produced chains of cylindrical to fusiform, zero- or one-septate conidia and ramoconidia, diagnostic chlamydosporic synanamorphs, and a soil-borne, heat-resistant ecology. Devriesia acadiensis N.L. Nickerson & Seifert, with clover-shaped chlamydospores, Devriesia shelburniensis N.L. Nickerson & Seifert, with large, multi celled chlamydospores, and Devriesia thermodurans N.L. Nickerson & Seifert, with few-celled, clavate chlamy dospores, are described as new species. Chlamydospores from cultures of D. acadiensis, Devriesia staurophora, and D. thermodurans germinated after exposure to 75 °C for 30 min. Germination of these spores was activated by a heat shock. Chlamydospores from cultures of C. shelburniensis did not germinate after heat exposure.Key words: dematiaceous hyphomycetes, heat-resistant fungi, lowbush blueberries, Vaccinium angustifolium, ITS rDNA phylogeny.

scholarly journals First records and three new species of the family Symphytognathidae (Arachnida, Araneae) from Thailand, and the circumscription of the genus Crassignatha Wunderlich, 1995

ZooKeys ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1012 ◽  
pp. 21-53
Author(s):  
Francisco Andres Rivera-Quiroz ◽  
Booppa Petcharad ◽  
Jeremy A. Miller
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
The North ◽  
The Family ◽  
Ct Analysis ◽  
Three New Species

The family Symphytognathidae is reported from Thailand for the first time. Three new species: Anapistula choojaiaesp. nov., Crassignatha seeliamsp. nov., and Crassignatha seedamsp. nov. are described and illustrated. Distribution is expanded and additional morphological data are reported for Patu shiluensis Lin & Li, 2009. Specimens were collected in Thailand between July and August 2018. The newly described species were found in the north mountainous region of Chiang Mai, and Patu shiluensis was collected in the coastal region of Phuket. DNA sequences are provided for all the species here studied. The relations of these symphytognathid species were tested using previously published phylogenetic analyses on micro orb-weavers. Also, we used micro CT analysis to build 3D models of the male genitalia and somatic characters of two species of Crassignatha Wunderlich, 1995. The molecular phylogeny and 3D models were used to discuss the taxonomy and circumscription of the currently valid symphytognathid genera, with focus on Crassignatha and Patu Marples, 1951. Based on this, three new combinations are suggested: Crassignatha bicorniventris (Lin & Li, 2009), comb. nov., Crassignatha quadriventris (Lin & Li, 2009), comb. nov., and Crassignatha spinathoraxi (Lin & Li, 2009), comb. nov. A new record of Crassignatha danaugirangensisMiller et al. 2014 is reported from Brunei.

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