scholarly journals Influences of sire conception rate on pregnancy establishment in dairy cattle†

2018 ◽  
Vol 99 (6) ◽  
pp. 1244-1254 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Sofia Ortega ◽  
João G N Moraes ◽  
David J Patterson ◽  
Michael F Smith ◽  
Susanta K Behura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Sire Conception Rate

256 GENOMIC EVALUATION OF FERTILITY TRAITS AND DISCOVERY OF HAPLOTYPES THAT AFFECT FERTILITY OF US DAIRY CATTLE

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 260
Author(s):  
G. R. Wiggans ◽  
D. J. Null ◽  
J. B. Cole ◽  
H. D. Norman
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Reference Population ◽  
Bioinformatic Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
National Database ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Fertility Traits ◽  
Sire Conception Rate

Genomic evaluations of dairy cattle became official in the United States in January 2009 for Holsteins and Jerseys, and later for Brown Swiss, Ayrshires, and Guernseys. Up to 33 yield, fitness, calving, and conformation traits are evaluated, and the fertility traits included daughter pregnancy rate and heifer and cow conception rates. Additional fertility traits, such as age at first calving and days from calving to first insemination, also are being studied. Male fertility (sire conception rate) is evaluated phenotypically rather than through genomics. Over 1 million animals have genotypes in the national database, which reflects collaboration with Canada and Europe. Most of the genotypes are from females and are from genotyping chips with <30 000 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP). To combine data across chips, genotypes are imputed to a set of >77 000 SNP. The imputation process involves dividing the chromosome into segments of approximately equal length and determining the paternal or maternal origin of the alleles. Because some segments were never homozygous, they were assumed to contain an abnormality that resulted in early embryonic death. If a decrease in sire conception rate could be associated with a bull that was a carrier of such a chromosomal segment, the haplotype was designated as affecting fertility. Once the region was identified, bioinformatic analysis was used to discover the causative variant for many of those haplotypes. Accuracy of genomic evaluations is determined by size of the reference population and heritability of the trait. The reference population for Holsteins includes >180 000 bulls and cows. Because fertility traits have low heritabilities, genomic information is particularly useful in improving evaluation accuracy. Accuracy of fertility evaluations is expected to increase further by discovering causative variants for various aspects of conception and gestation through investigation of sequence data.

scholarly journals Genotype-by-environment interaction in Holstein heifer fertility traits using single-step genomic reaction norm models

BMC Genomics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Shi ◽  
Luiz Fernando Brito ◽  
Aoxing Liu ◽  
Hanpeng Luo ◽  
Ziwei Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Reaction Norm ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Critical Periods ◽  
Genotype By Environment ◽  
Fertility Traits

Abstract Background The effect of heat stress on livestock production is a worldwide issue. Animal performance is influenced by exposure to harsh environmental conditions potentially causing genotype-by-environment interactions (G × E), especially in highproducing animals. In this context, the main objectives of this study were to (1) detect the time periods in which heifer fertility traits are more sensitive to the exposure to high environmental temperature and/or humidity, (2) investigate G × E due to heat stress in heifer fertility traits, and, (3) identify genomic regions associated with heifer fertility and heat tolerance in Holstein cattle. Results Phenotypic records for three heifer fertility traits (i.e., age at first calving, interval from first to last service, and conception rate at the first service) were collected, from 2005 to 2018, for 56,998 Holstein heifers raised in 15 herds in the Beijing area (China). By integrating environmental data, including hourly air temperature and relative humidity, the critical periods in which the heifers are more sensitive to heat stress were located in more than 30 days before the first service for age at first calving and interval from first to last service, or 10 days before and less than 60 days after the first service for conception rate. Using reaction norm models, significant G × E was detected for all three traits regarding both environmental gradients, proportion of days exceeding heat threshold, and minimum temperature-humidity index. Through single-step genome-wide association studies, PLAG1, AMHR2, SP1, KRT8, KRT18, MLH1, and EOMES were suggested as candidate genes for heifer fertility. The genes HCRTR1, AGRP, PC, and GUCY1B1 are strong candidates for association with heat tolerance. Conclusions The critical periods in which the reproductive performance of heifers is more sensitive to heat stress are trait-dependent. Thus, detailed analysis should be conducted to determine this particular period for other fertility traits. The considerable magnitude of G × E and sire re-ranking indicates the necessity to consider G × E in dairy cattle breeding schemes. This will enable selection of more heat-tolerant animals with high reproductive efficiency under harsh climatic conditions. Lastly, the candidate genes identified to be linked with response to heat stress provide a better understanding of the underlying biological mechanisms of heat tolerance in dairy cattle.

PSV-5 Relationship between sire conception rate, sperm motility, sperm SERPINA5 relative concentration, and in vitro produced embryos in dairy bulls

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 310-310
Author(s):  
Saulo Menegatti Zoca ◽  
Julie Walker ◽  
Taylor Andrews ◽  
Adalaide C Kline ◽  
Jerica J Rich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Development ◽  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Relative Concentration ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Cleavage Rate ◽  
Blastocyst Rate ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Sire Conception Rate

Abstract Sire conception rate (SCR) is a field measure of fertility among bulls, but it can be influenced by several factors (Sperm transport, sperm-egg binding, early embryo development, etc). The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between SCR, sperm motility, SERPINA5 concentrations, and in vitro embryo development. Measurements were performed in 19 bulls with SCR values ranging from -7.7 to 4.45. For each bull, an aliquot of frozen-thawed semen was used for analyses of total (TMOT) and progressive (PROG) motility. Remaining semen was fixed with 2% formaldehyde, and concentration of SERPINA5 was determined by immunolocalization (antibody SERPINA5/Dylight405; PA5-79976-Invitrogen / ab201798-Abcam). Mean fluorescence intensity was determined in ~200 sperm heads/bull. Approximately 149 oocytes/bull were fertilized in vitro for embryo development analysis (cleavage and blastocyst rates). Statistical procedures were performed in SAS (9.4) using the procedures CORR for correlations (SCR, TMOT, PROG, SERPINA5, cleavage and blastocyst) and GLIMMIX for comparison of “field-fertility” (SCR divided in HIGH or LOW) and “field-embryo-fertility” (LOW-SCR sires were divided based on blastocyst rate (HIGH or LOW) resulting in two classifications; LOW-HIGH≥31% and LOW-LOW≤26%, respectively). There were positive correlations (P &lt; 0.05) between cleavage-blastocyst (r=0.50), SERPINA5-cleavage (r=0.48), and TMOT-PROG (r=0.76). Sire SCR was not associated with SERPINA5, TMOT, PROG, cleavage and blastocyst rate (P &gt; 0.52). Among LOW-SCR sires, LOW-LOW sires (-4.83±0.60) tended to have a better SCR score than LOW-HIGH (-6.18±0.42) sires (P = 0.08), but there were no differences (P &gt; 0.43) between LOW-HIGH, LOW-LOW, and HIGH sires for SERPINA5, TMOT, PROG, and cleavage. In conclusion, some LOW SCR sires have good embryo development indicating a different mechanism for their low SCR; however, these differences in SCR could not be explained by TMOT, PROG, SERPINA5, cleavage and blastocyst. There were, however, positive correlations between cleavage-blastocyst rate, and SERPINA5-cleavage rate.

Evaluation of bull fertility of Sahiwal breeding bulls

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. C. Naha ◽  
A. K. Chakravarty ◽  
M. A. Mir ◽  
M. Bhakat ◽  
A. P. Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conception Rate ◽  
National Dairy Research Institute ◽  
Sire Conception Rate ◽  
Dairy Research ◽  
Research Institute

In the present investigation, bull fertility of Sahiwal breeding bulls has been studied. The study was conducted on records of 43 Sahiwal bulls maintained under 8 sets of Sahiwal breeding project at ICAR- National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal (India). The data on bull fertility of Sahiwal breeding bulls during 27 years (1987-2013) were analysed. The presented study revealed that the average conception rate based on first AI and overall conception rate of Sahiwal breeding bulls were estimated as 45.95% and 46.38 %. Average sire conception rate of Sahiwal breeding bulls range from – 2% to + 3% and – 2% to + 4 % for conception rate based on first AI and overall conception rate. It has been observed that the average conception rate based on first AI was lower as compare to overall conception rate and higher conception rate of Sahiwal breeding bulls is having higher sire conception rate.

Association of CRISP2, CCT8, PEBP1 mRNA abundance in sperm and sire conception rate in Holstein bulls

2011 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 570-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Arangasamy ◽  
V.R. Kasimanickam ◽  
J.M. DeJarnette ◽  
R.K. Kasimanickam
Keyword(s):  
Conception Rate ◽  
Mrna Abundance ◽  
Holstein Bulls ◽  
Sire Conception Rate

scholarly journals The effect of various administration routs of D-cloprostenol at the time of artificial insemination on conception rate in dairy cattle

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 1882-1888
Author(s):  
Mohammad Javad Behzadi-Shahrbabak ◽  
Naser Shams-Esfandabadi ◽  
Abolfazl Shirazi ◽  
Taghi Taktaz-Hafshejani
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Conception Rate

PSV-8 Sire field fertility does not correlate with sire conception rate (SCR) score

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 304-305
Author(s):  
Gessica A Franco-Johannsen ◽  
Marcos Henrique C Pereira ◽  
M Sophia Ortega ◽  
Sydney T Reese ◽  
Jose Luiz M Vasconcelos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Current Method ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Main Hypothesis ◽  
Significant Challenge ◽  
Fertility Status ◽  
Sire Conception Rate ◽  
Individual Service ◽  
In Pregnancy

Abstract Accurate sire fertility evaluation remains a significant challenge in the livestock industry. Sire conception rate (SCR) has been used since 2008 in the dairy industry to rank sire fertility. The objective was to characterize individual sire pregnancy rate, pregnancy loss, and determine the correlation with the sire’s respective SCR. Our main hypothesis is that large variances in fertility parameters by sire cannot be explained by variance of the SCR values. Data from 6,570 timed artificial inseminations (AI) and 25,287 timed embryo transfers (ET) from 55 dairy farms were retrospectively analyzed to assess: pregnancy rate at day 30 (P30), pregnancy rate at day 60 (P60) and pregnancy loss (PL) during this interval. The effect of sire (AI: n = 39; ET: n = 81) for each reproductive parameter was evaluated. SCR records published prior to individual service were obtained to correlate with fertility parameters. For AI mating, pregnancy rate at P30 was 33.13% (2,177/6,570), and 27.6 % for P60 (1,815/6,570) and PL occurred in 16.6% (362/2,177) of pregnancies. Large variance was observed between sires for each parameter but no or negligible correlation (r &lt; 0.2) with published SCR was observed. For ET, pregnancy rate at P30 was 47.8% (12,082/25,287) and 40.5% for P60 (10,246/25,287) with an overall PL of 15.2% (1,836/12,082). Similar to AI, all fertility parameters were highly variable among sires but no or negligible correlation (r &lt; 0.03) with respective SCR was observed. In summary, the current method to evaluate sire fertility using SCR does not truly represent the field fertility status. Large variance in pregnancy loss between days 30 and 60 of gestation were observed among sires and these phenotypes should be considered when evaluating sire fertility to increase the score reliability.

scholarly journals Use of Sexed Semen in Indian Dairy Cattle: A Case Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
P.C. Jethva ◽  
S.B. Patel
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Field Condition ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Sexed Semen ◽  
Sorting Efficiency ◽  
Calf Rearing

This study was undertaken at the calf rearing project (CRP) of AMUL at Sarsa Village, Anand, Gujarat to assess the conception rate and sorting efficiency of imported sexed semen of HF bulls. In all, 127 pubertal crossbred heifers (b.wt. 250-300 kg) were artificially inseminated during the year 2016-17 using 172 sexed semen doses (few with repeat insemination), resulting in 68 pregnancies. The conception rate of sexed semen was found to be 39.53%. Out of 68 pregnant heifers, 2 heifers aborted and one heifer died before calving. Out of rest 65 animals that calved, 54 heifers delivered female calves, 9 had male calves and two were female stillbirth. Thus, sexed semen produced 86.15% female calves and 13.85 % male calves. This small scale study highlights the success of sexed semen under field condition in producing calves of the desired sex in high percentage.

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