Reporting Racist Hate Crime Victimization to the Police in the United States and the United Kingdom: A Cross-National Comparison

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 1034-1055
Author(s):  
Wesley Myers ◽  
Brendan Lantz
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Hate Crime ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hate Crimes ◽  
Crime Victimization ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Victim Reporting ◽  
National Comparison ◽  
Using Data

Abstract Hate is a global phenomenon as evidenced by recent increases in hate crimes in both the United States and the United Kingdom; unfortunately, these crimes are also substantially underreported in both nations. Following this, this research presents an examination of racially motivated hate crimes and victim reporting to the police in both nations using data from the National Crime Victimization Survey and the Crime Survey of England and Wales from 2003 to 2015. Results indicate that, overall, victim reporting has been increasing in the United Kingdom and decreasing in the United States. Disaggregating by victim and offender race, however, reveals divergent trends such that anti-black hate crime victim reporting is increasing in the United States and decreasing in the United Kingdom. Policy and research implications are discussed.

Hate Crime Victimization and Weapon Use

2020 ◽  
pp. 009385482098384
Author(s):  
Zachary T. Malcom ◽  
Brendan Lantz
Keyword(s):  
Hate Crime ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hate Crimes ◽  
Crime Victimization ◽  
Bias Crime ◽  
Bias Crimes ◽  
Weapon Use ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship

Prior research has suggested that hate crimes hurt more, in that they are more physically severe than other crimes. A separate body of research has focused on the role of weapons in exacerbating violence; yet, no research has considered the role of weapon use in bias crime victimization. Following this, this research examines the relationship between weapon use, bias motivation, and victimization in the United States. On one hand, weapons may play an important role in hate crime by exacerbating violence. On the other hand, weapons may be unnecessary for facilitating hate crime violence, given the animus associated with bias motivation. Using data from the National Incident-Based Reporting System, we find that bias crimes are both (a) less likely than nonbias crimes to involve weapons and (b) more likely than nonbias crimes to involve serious or lethal victim injury. These patterns are particularly pronounced for antisexual orientation hate crimes.

Generalizing about Trade Show Effectiveness: A Cross-National Comparison

1997 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 55-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marnik G. Dekimpe ◽  
Pierre François ◽  
Srinath Gopalakrishna ◽  
Gary L. Lilien ◽  
Christophe Van den Bulte
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
The United States ◽  
Trade Show ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
National Comparison ◽  
Trade Shows ◽  
Cross National

Trade shows are a multibillion-dollar business in the United States and the United Kingdom, but little is known about the determinants of trade show effectiveness. The authors build a model that captures differences in trade show effectiveness across industries, companies, and two countries. They focus on the differences in trade show effectiveness measured in a similar way across similar samples of 221 U.S. and 135 UK firm-show experiences between 1982 and 1993. Although the variables explain different amounts of variance in these two countries and some variables tend to have different relative effects, the similarities outweigh the differences. The authors are able to generalize about the effect of various show selection (go/not go) variables as well as tactical variables (e.g., booth size, personnel) on observed performance. They conclude by discussing the implications of their research for developing benchmarks for trade show performance.

Understanding Characteristics of Victims and Perpetrators of Anti-LGBT Hate Crimes in the United States

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 453-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liz Coston
Keyword(s):  
Hate Crime ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hate Crimes ◽  
Self Report ◽  
National Crime Victimization Survey ◽  
Crime Victimization ◽  
Police Data ◽  
Report Data ◽  
Self Report Data ◽  
Using Data

This article examines the effects of victim and perpetrator characteristics on the seriousness of anti-lesbian, gay, bisexual (LGB) and anti-transgender (T) hate crime incidents, as there are limited and contradictory findings regarding characteristics that contribute to anti-LGB(T) hate crimes. This analysis uses a series of χ2 tests to examine the importance of these characteristics using data from the 2003–2013 National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS), and a partial proportional odds model for data from the 2012 Uniform Crime Report (UCR) Hate Crime Data to examine differences in seriousness among LGB and T victims. This study finds that victim characteristics may not impact victimization in the ways suggested by previous studies. Additionally, the importance of offender race is largely impacted by whether the data are self-report data or police data.

scholarly journals The Effects of Buyers' Attitudes Toward Supplier Diversity on Their Spending with Ethnic Minority Businesses

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (7-9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingxiang Li
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
The United States ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Supplier Diversity ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Ethnic Minority Businesses

This study examines characteristics that may influence buyers' desire to obtain goods and services from ethnic minority enterprises using data from 277 buyers employed at large buying organizations (LPOs) in the United States and the United Kingdom (EMBs). The literature on social capital is utilized to construct hypotheses about the cognitive, structural, and relational factors that may influence decisions to purchase from minority enterprises. Following that, current discrimination theory is used to deduce how buyers' views about supplier diversity affect the effects of social capital on their buying operations with EMBs. Multiple regression research indicates that in both the United States and the United Kingdom, buyers' perceived positive social capital has a direct, substantial association with their spending with EMBs. Additionally, the findings indicate that in both nations, purchasers' attitudes toward supplier diversity act as a moderator of the connection. Interestingly, despite the fact that the United States pioneered the concept of supplier variety, our study reveals that UK LPO buyers spend more with their EMBs. This research demonstrates how LPOs' strategic corporate social responsibility initiatives may be influenced by their buyers' social relationships with EMBs and their views about supplier diversity, based on these findings.

scholarly journals Contested feelings: Mapping emotional journeys of LGBTI rights and reforms

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-130
Author(s):  
Senthorun Raj
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Hate Crime ◽  
The United States ◽  
Marriage Equality ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Refugee Law

This reflection explores how emotion shapes lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex (LGBTI) rights and law reforms. Drawing on case studies from Australia, the United Kingdom, and the United States, the author maps how disgust regulates sexuality, hate manifests in hate crime penalties, anger arises in anti-discrimination measures, fear polices refugee law, anxiety shapes trans children’s access to medical transition, pity and compassion inhibit intersex autonomy, and love enables marriage equality. Legal scholars, activists, lawyers, and judges need to take emotion seriously to better address the pressing challenges facing LGBTI people.

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