scholarly journals Bugs: Rethinking the History of Computing

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 476-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cait McKinney ◽  
Dylan Mulvin
Keyword(s):  
Computer Networks ◽  
Networked Systems ◽  
History Of Computing ◽  
Loss Of Life ◽  
Public Figures ◽  
Aids Crisis ◽  
The Face ◽  
History Of ◽  
Global North ◽  
Hiv Aids

Abstract This paper argues that scholars of computing, networks, and infrastructures must reckon with the inseparability of “viral” discourses in the 1990s. This co-assembled history documents the reliance on viral analogies and explanations honed in the HIV/AIDS crisis and its massive loss of life, widespread institutional neglect, and comprehensive technological failures. As the 1990s marked a period of intense domestication of computing technologies in the global North, we document how public figures, computer experts, activists, academics, and artists used the intertwined discourses surrounding HIV and new computer technologies to explicate the risks of vulnerability in complex, networked systems. The efficacy of HIV as an analogy is visible in the circulation of viral concepts, fears surrounding interdependence, and emergent descriptions of precarity in the face of a widespread “infrastructure crisis.” Through an analysis of this decade, we show how HIV/AIDS discourses indelibly marked the domestication of computing, computer networks, and nested, digitized infrastructures.

Promiske Sexualität oder monogame Beziehung?

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (84) ◽  
pp. 67-82
Author(s):  
Adrian Lehne ◽  
Veronika Springmann
Keyword(s):  
Safer Sex ◽  
The West ◽  
Central Topic ◽  
Aids Crisis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Relationship Norms ◽  
Hiv Aids

Abstract A question that was and remains central to the history of homosexualities is how relationships and sexuality are interlinked. Through discussions around heteronormative relationship norms, the West German gay1 (liberation/rights) movement engaged in heated debates around the question of how sexuality could and should be lived out. This article outlines that debate, starting with the release of Rosa von Praunheim’s film »Nicht der Homosexuelle ist pervers, sondern die Situation, in der er lebt« (»It Is Not the Homosexual Who Is Perverse, But the Society in Which He Lives«; 1971) and proceeding to examine the convulsions of the AIDS crisis. As the debate went on, its focus shif ted from morality to responsibility as the central topic. The increasing visibility of lived sexuality brought about by AIDS and the development of safer sex in reaction to HIV/AIDS in particular contributed to establishing the concept of responsible sexuality. This concept could in turn be positioned against a coupling of relationship and sexuality predicated on moral imperatives.

SURVIVORS: Archiving the history of bulletin board systems and the AIDS crisis

First Monday ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Brewster ◽  
Bonnie Ruberg
Keyword(s):  
Support Group ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Bulletin Board ◽  
Internet Technologies ◽  
Aids Crisis ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One ◽  
Electronic Support ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

The history of the Internet and the history of the HIV/AIDS crisis are fundamentally intertwined. Because of the precarious nature of primary early Internet materials, however, documentation that reflects this relationship is limited. Here, we present and analyse an important document that offers considerable insight in this area: a full printout of the bulletin board system (BBS) discussion group “SURVIVORS.” Run by David Charnow, SURVIVORS operated as an “electronic support group” for members living with HIV/AIDS from 1987 to 1990. These dates represent a period of overlap between both the AIDS crisis in America and the use of BBSs as a predecessor to contemporary Internet technologies. The contents of SURVIVORS were printed by Charnow before his death in 1990 and later donated to the ONE National Gay and Lesbian Archives. Through our discussion of these documents, we articulate the striking relationship between the SURVIVORS printout as a material document that preserves a digital past and the lives of those whose stories are contained within the printout. We argue that it is not only the content but indeed the precarious, shifting media format of the SURVIVORS printout, born digital and now preserved on paper, that gives it its meaning. Thirty years after his death, Charnow’s printout of SURVIVORS keeps a critical piece of the interrelated histories of HIV/AIDS and the Internet alive, while also raising valuable questions about the archiving of these histories.

scholarly journals Towards a Theology of HIV/AIDS

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 265-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Van Wyngaard
Keyword(s):  
Aids Pandemic ◽  
Ideal Situation ◽  
Aids Crisis ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Church ◽  
Hiv Aids

In a world which is slowly but surely being devastated by the HIV/AIDS pandemic, the church needs to get involved in the fight against this disease. In many places the church has conveniently denied that HIV/AIDS has anything to do with them. In this paper the author argues for the necessity of thinking theologically about the reality of HIV/AIDS, indicating that HIV/AIDS is not merely a matter of “sinners” becoming infected with a virus, but that certain circumstances are conducive towards the spreading of HIV/AIDS which need to be addressed if an impact is to be made on the spreading of the virus. Although many non-religious organisations are fighting this disease, the church is in an ideal situation to assist these bodies as it is already grounded within communities and already have integrity amongst a  large part of the population. However, to achieve this goal the churches must be transformed in the face of the HIV/AIDS crisis, in order that they themselves may become a force for transformation – bringing healing, hope, and accompaniment to all infected with and affected by HIV/AIDS.

Broadway Dance

2021 ◽  
pp. 182-217
Author(s):  
Liza Gennaro
Keyword(s):  
Musical Theater ◽  
Contemporary Dance ◽  
Defining Moment ◽  
Spring Awakening ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Aids Crisis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Hiv Aids

Acknowledging the 1980s HIV/AIDS crisis and the deaths of hundreds of would-be choreographers, this chapter explores the trauma experienced by the dance and theater communities as a defining moment in the history of Broadway dance. I examine the advent of Broadway outsiders, post-modernist Bill T. Jones (Spring Awakening [2006]) and physical theatre practitioner, Steven Hoggett (American Idiot [2010] [2012], Once [2012], The Last Ship [2014]) onto Broadway and assess the diminishment of systems created by de Mille and Robbins. I also analyze Broadway insiders Savion Glover (Bring In ‘Da Noise, Bring in ‘Da Funk [1996], Shuffle Along, The Making of the Musical Sensation of 1921 And All That Followed [2016]), Andy Blankenbuehler (In the Heights [2008], Hamilton [2015]), Sergio Trujillo (Memphis [2009], Hands on a Hardbody [2013]), and Lorin Latarro (Waitress [2016]). I investigate how these four negotiate the systems of Robbins and Fosse while at the same time absorbing the influx of ideas coming from physical theatre Finally, the chapter looks at contemporary dance choreographer Camille Brown, who possesses an exceptional ability to discover fresh interpretations of time-worn dance vocabularies and to tell stories with invented movement. I contend that Brown is the latest choreographer using Broadway as a vehicle for inventive dance and setting a new standard of dance excellence and innovation in musical theater.

Reimagining the Face of HIV/AIDS

2021 ◽  
pp. 128-152
Author(s):  
Laura Stamm
Keyword(s):  
Media Representation ◽  
The Face ◽  
History Of ◽  
Contemporary Media ◽  
Queer Performance ◽  
Black Queer ◽  
David Wojnarowicz ◽  
Media Practices ◽  
Hiv Aids

Chapter 5 features a discussion of the queer biopic’s relationship to PWA photography and media representation, looking finally to contemporary media practices to reflect upon the current AIDS media landscape. The queer biopic does not function outside of other modes of photography and video; instead, questions of portraiture are foundational to any understanding of the biopic form. The chapter moves through the history of PWA photography, providing readings of photography by Therese Frare, Nicholas Nixon, David Wojnarowicz, and Nan Goldin. The chapter’s turn to contemporary HIV + multimedia artist Kia LaBeija examines the legacies of black queer performance that emerge in her video and photographic work.

“Seropedagogy”

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (140) ◽  
pp. 9-20
Author(s):  
Robert Franco
Keyword(s):  
Sex Education ◽  
The United States ◽  
Global South ◽  
Aids Pandemic ◽  
Life Saving ◽  
Aids Crisis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Racial Disparities In Health ◽  
Hiv Aids

Abstract Since the beginnings of the HIV/AIDS pandemic, pedagogy has been a crucial survival strategy, especially when government agencies failed to prevent mass deaths. However, contemporary sex education on HIV/AIDS—if taught to undergraduates before they arrive on campus—often does not account for the disproportionate effects of the pandemic on racial minorities and global South countries. In this teaching essay, the author describes how his course on the history of HIV/AIDS takes a global approach to highlight that the AIDS crisis is not over. Starting with histories of HIV/AIDS in the United States, Haiti, China, and elsewhere that sought to find a scapegoat for the pandemic, the course then turns to the global power of the pharmaceutical industry. It examines the marketing and lobbying strategies of companies such as Gilead, which use the stigma of HIV/AIDS to transform impoverished global South countries into new markets for research and capital extraction. Finally, it also highlights how the AIDS crisis remains an ongoing struggle against racial disparities in health care that prevent access to life-saving treatments and preventative drugs such as Truvada and Descovy for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Using a range of materials from podcasts to pills, the author introduces students to the globalizing forces that take the bodies of the poor, women, and Black, Latinx, trans, and global South citizens as expendable in the fight against HIV/AIDS.

Confronting the Deadly HIV/AIDS Crisis Among Our Nation's Youths

PsycCRITIQUES ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 52 (14) ◽  
Author(s):  
John S. Wodarski
Keyword(s):  
Aids Crisis ◽  
Hiv Aids

Odessa Inhabitants A. O. Skalkovsky and A. S. Borinevich: the leaders of domestic statistical science of the XIX century

2018 ◽  
pp. 72-82
Author(s):  
O. I. Isaeva
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Science ◽  
Public Figures ◽  
Statistical Science ◽  
History Of ◽  
Xix Century

The contribution to the development of urban statistics, demography, history of famous Odessa scientists and public figures Apollon Skalkovsky (1808-1898) and Anton Borinevich (1855-1946) is analyzed in the article. A parallel was made between the activities of both scientists, as well as their influence on the development of branches of domestic science.

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