Premature Infant Fecal Metabolite Profiles Are Modulated in a Probiotic Specific Manner

Abstract Objectives The acquisition and succession of intestinal microbiota represents a critical factor in early life development. However, infants born prematurely exhibit a delayed assembly of microbial communities. Supplementation of probiotics help to shift the community to a more favorable structure, thereby promoting a functional benefit. We investigated the effect of two different probiotics, Lactobacillus reuteri (L. reuteri) or Bifidobacterium longum subsp. Infantis (B. infantis) on fecal metabolite profiles in premature infants. Methods This study included 43 very low birth weight (< 1500 grams) premature infants. A dose of L. reuteri (1 × 109 CFU) or B. infantis (8 × 1010 CFU) was provided daily as standard of care until 34 weeks corrected gestational age (CGA). Samples of feces and milk were collected at 30 and 32 weeks CGA. Fecal and milk metabolites were assessed by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 298K using a NOESY 1H pre-saturation experiment on a Bruker Avance 600 MHz spectrometer (Bruker BioSpin, Germany). Results Fecal metabolite profiles separated by probiotic group revealing distinct compositions at 30 weeks CGA (Adonis R2 = 0.082, p = 0.023) and was maintained at 32 weeks CGA (Adonis R2 = 0.108, p = 0.001). The separation of groups by fecal metabolites was observed despite similar human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) composition from diet at both 30 weeks (Adonis R2 = 0.034, p = 0.378) and 32 weeks CGA (Adonis R2 = 0.016, p = 0.544). Correlations between milk 2’-fucosyllactose and fecal metabolites revealed trends with fecal acetate and pyruvate at 32 weeks (Pearson's, R = 0.41, p = 0.06 and R = 0.4, p = 0.068 respectively) in the B. infantis group only. Conclusions Fecal metabolite profiles in premature infants are affected by probiotic administration despite similar HMO composition in their diet. Infants receiving L. reuteri exhibit an HMO dominant fecal profile, whereas those receiving B. infantis are more closely oriented with HMO fermentation products indicating a saccharolytic gut microbiota. Funding Sources CS would like to acknowledge funding from the Kinsella endowed chair in Food, Nutrition, and Health as well as USDA-NIFA Hatch project 1021411.

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Growth and bone mineralisation in premature infants fed preterm formula or standard term formula after discharge in very low birth weight infants

Zeitschrift für Geburtshilfe und Neonatologie ◽

10.1055/s-2006-943140 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 210 (S 5) ◽

Author(s):

JC Picaud ◽

O Plan ◽

O Pidoux ◽

B Reygrobellet ◽

M Lachambre ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Premature Infants ◽

Very Low Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight Infants ◽

Preterm Formula ◽

Standard Term ◽

Bone Mineralisation

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Growth and bone mineralisation in premature infants fed preterm formula or standard term formula after discharge in very low birth weight infants

Neuropediatrics ◽

10.1055/s-2006-946321 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 210 (S 5) ◽

Author(s):

JC Picaud ◽

O Plan ◽

O Pidoux ◽

B Reygrobellet ◽

M Lachambre ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Premature Infants ◽

Very Low Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight Infants ◽

Preterm Formula ◽

Standard Term ◽

Bone Mineralisation

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Growth and bone mineralisation in premature infants fed preterm formula or standard term formula after discharge in very low birth weight infants

Zeitschrift für Geburtshilfe und Neonatologie ◽

10.1055/s-2006-946055 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 210 (S 5) ◽

Author(s):

JC Picaud ◽

O Plan ◽

O Pidoux ◽

B Reygrobellet ◽

M Lachambre ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Premature Infants ◽

Very Low Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight Infants ◽

Preterm Formula ◽

Standard Term ◽

Bone Mineralisation

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Comparison of Lactobacillus reuteri and nystatin prophylaxis on Candida colonization and infection in very low birth weight infants.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.726223154.793515846 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Sunit Singhi

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Lactobacillus Reuteri ◽

Very Low Birth Weight ◽

Candida Colonization ◽

Low Birth Weight Infants

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MBRS-69. METABOLITE PROFILING OF SHH MEDULLOBLASTOMA IDENTIFIES A SUBSET OF CHILDHOOD TUMOURS ENRICHED FOR HIGH-RISK MOLECULAR BIOMARKERS AND CLINICAL FEATURES

Neuro-Oncology ◽

10.1093/neuonc/noaa222.573 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (Supplement_3) ◽

pp. iii410-iii410

Author(s):

Christopher Bennett ◽

Sarah Kohe ◽

Florence Burte ◽

Heather Rose ◽

Debbie Hicks ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Metabolite Profiling ◽

Unmet Need ◽

Magic Angle Spinning ◽

Molecular Biomarkers ◽

Mycn Amplification ◽

Resonance Spectroscopy ◽

Magic Angle ◽

Metabolite Profiles ◽

Cluster 2

Abstract SHH medulloblastoma patients have a variable prognosis. Infants (<3–5 years at diagnosis) are associated with a good prognosis, while disease-course in childhood is associated with specific prognostic biomarkers (MYCN amplification, TP53 mutation, LCA histology; all high-risk). There is an unmet need to identify prognostic subgroups of SHH tumours rapidly in the clinical setting, to aid in real-time risk stratification and disease management. Metabolite profiling is a powerful technique for characterising tumours. High resolution magic angle spinning NMR spectroscopy (HR-MAS) can be performed on frozen tissue samples and provides high quality metabolite information. We therefore assessed whether metabolite profiles could identify subsets of SHH tumours with prognostic potential. Metabolite concentrations of 22 SHH tumours were acquired by HR-MAS and analysed using unsupervised hierarchical clustering. Methylation profiling assigned the infant and childhood SHH subtypes, and clinical and molecular features were compared between clusters. Two clusters were observed. A significantly higher concentration of lipids was observed in Cluster 1 (t-test, p=0.012). Cluster 1 consisted entirely of childhood-SHH whilst Cluster 2 included both childhood-SHH and infant-SHH subtypes. Cluster 1 was enriched for high-risk markers - LCA histology (3/7 v. 0/5), MYCN amplification (2/7 v. 0/5), TP53 mutations (3/7 v. 1/5) and metastatic disease - whilst having a lower proportion of TERT mutations (0/7 v. 2/5) than Cluster 2. These pilot results suggest that (i) it is possible to identify childhood-SHH patients linked to high-risk clinical and molecular biomarkers using metabolite profiles and (ii) these may be detected non-invasively in vivo using magnetic-resonance spectroscopy.

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Postnatally acquired CMV meningitis diagnosed via BioFire FilmArray: A case report

Journal of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine ◽

10.3233/npm-200524 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

A. Stark ◽

J. Peterson ◽

K. Weimer ◽

C. Hornik

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Breast Milk ◽

Premature Infants ◽

Gold Standard ◽

Very Low Birth Weight ◽

Definitive Treatment ◽

Cmv Infection ◽

Term Infants ◽

Low Birth Weight Infant

Postnatally acquired cytomegalovirus (CMV) is commonly acquired via breast milk, with premature infants more frequently developing symptoms of CMV infection in comparison to term infants. Meningitis is a rare clinical manifestation of CMV infection. The diagnosis of meningitis is difficult to make in infants, particularly those who are preterm. Consequentially, broad-spectrum empiric antimicrobial coverage is often administered for several days while waiting for current gold standard CSF testing to result. The BioFire FilmArray (BFA) simultaneously tests for 14 different pathogens, including CMV, allowing for quicker diagnosis and shorter time to definitive treatment. Here, we report a very low birth weight infant with postnatally acquired CMV meningitis, the first to our knowledge to be diagnosed using the BioFire FilmArray.

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