Human Milk Oligosaccharides and Infant Weight in the First 6 Months of Life (P11-053-19)

Abstract Objectives The effects of breastfeeding on reduced risk of obesity are inconclusive, although smaller studies suggest that specific human milk components may be relevant to infant weight gain. The primary aim of this study was to determine whether individual human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) in the first month of life are associated with infant weight in the first 6 months of life. A secondary aim was to assess associations separately by HMO secretor status. Methods Participants were 156 Hispanic mother-infant pairs. Breast milk was collected at 1 month. HMO composition was analyzed using high-pressure liquid chromatography, and HMO secretor status was determined by the presence or near absence of 2’-fucosyllactose or lacto-N-fucopentaose (LNFP) I. Infant weight was measured at 1 and 6 months, and infant weight-for-age z scores (WAZ) and WAZ changes were calculated. Multiple linear regressions were used to examine the effect of HMO composition on WAZ, adjusting for maternal age, pre-pregnancy BMI, infant age, sex, and birth weight. Results In the total sample, HMO composition at 1 month was not significantly associated with WAZ at 1 month. In the total sample, higher LNFPII at 1 month predicted lower WAZ gain (β = –0.27, P = 0.01) and lower WAZ status (β = –0.26, P = 0.01) at 6 months. In infants of secretor mothers, higher LNFPII at 1 month predicted lower WAZ gain at 6 months (β = –0.23, P = 0.02); in infants of non-secretor mothers, LNFPII at 1 month predicted lower WAZ status at 6 months (β = –0.40, P = 0.03). Similar significant associations were observed when infant weight replaced WAZ in the models. No other HMOs were significantly related to infant WAZ or weight. Conclusions Our data suggest that greater exposure to LNFPII in the first month of life may be protective against rapid infant weight gain in the first 6 months, regardless of HMO secretor status. These findings provide additional evidence that specific human milk components may diminish infant obesity risk. Funding Sources Supported by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIH R01 DK110793) and the Gerber Foundation.

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Human Milk Oligosaccharides and Hispanic Infant Weight Gain in the First 6 Months

Obesity ◽

10.1002/oby.22884 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 28 (8) ◽

pp. 1519-1525

Author(s):

Paige K. Berger ◽

Jasmine F. Plows ◽

Roshonda B. Jones ◽

Tanya L. Alderete ◽

Chloe Yonemitsu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Human Milk ◽

Human Milk Oligosaccharides ◽

Milk Oligosaccharides ◽

Infant Weight Gain

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Maternal and Infant Factors Associated with Human Milk Oligosaccharides Concentrations According to Secretor and Lewis Phenotypes

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11061358 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 1358 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Karina M. Tonon ◽

Mauro B. de Morais ◽

Ana Cristina F. V. Abrão ◽

Antonio Miranda ◽

Tania B. Morais

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Human Milk ◽

Allergic Disease ◽

Human Milk Oligosaccharides ◽

Maternal Factors ◽

Milk Oligosaccharides ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Excessive Weight ◽

Novel Associations

Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are multifunctional carbohydrates naturally present in human milk that act as prebiotics, prevent pathogen binding and infections, modulate the immune system and may support brain development in infants. HMOs composition is very individualized and differences in HMOs concentrations may affect the infant’s health. HMOs variability can be partially explained by the activity of Secretor (Se) and Lewis (Le) genes in the mother, but non-genetic maternal factors may also be involved. In this cross-sectional, observational study, 78 single human milk samples ranging from 17 to 76 days postpartum (median: 32 days, IQR: 25–46 days) were collected from breastfeeding Brazilian women, analyzed for 16 representative HMOs by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry and associations between maternal and infant factors with HMOs concentrations were investigated. HMOs concentrations presented a high variability even in women with the same SeLe phenotype and associations with maternal allergic disease, time postpartum and with infant’s weight, weight gain and sex. Overall, we present unprecedented data on HMOs concentrations from breastfeeding Brazilian women and novel associations of maternal allergic disease and infant’s sex with HMOs concentrations. Differences in HMOs composition attributed to maternal SeLe phenotype do not impact infant growth, but higher concentrations of specific HMOs may protect against excessive weight gain.

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Human Milk Oligosaccharides Are Stable Over One-Week of Lactation and Over Six-Hours Following a Standardized Meal

Current Developments in Nutrition ◽

10.1093/cdn/nzab046_016 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. 719-719

Author(s):

Paige Berger ◽

Jasmine Plows ◽

Roshonda Jones ◽

Tanya Alderete ◽

Kelsey Schmidt ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Milk ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Maternal Diet ◽

Human Milk Oligosaccharides ◽

Milk Oligosaccharides ◽

Sugar Sweetened Beverage ◽

University Of Oklahoma ◽

Funding Sources ◽

Study Team ◽

Oklahoma Health

Abstract Objectives Our prior studies revealed that human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) have numerous health benefits for nursing infants, and can also change dynamically over 24 months of lactation. However, the extent to which HMOs vary over days of time and also in response to acute factors such as maternal diet has not been established. The aims of this study were to determine the stability of HMO concentrations over 7-days, and in response to a standardized meal and sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) over 6-hours. Methods Lactating mothers were enrolled at 6 weeks. Participants received in-person instructions and materials to complete procedures at home. In the first experiment (N = 11), mothers pumped a fasted sample of human milk at 7:00 AM for 7-consecutive days. In the second experiment (N = 33), mothers pumped a fasted sample of human milk at 6:00 AM. Mothers then consumed a standardized meal plus SSB provided by the study team. Thereafter, mothers pumped a non-fasted sample every hour for 6-consecutive hours. Samples were analyzed for nineteen HMOs. One-factor repeated-measures ANOVA was used to test changes in HMOs. Results There were no significant changes in any of the HMOs over 7-consecutive days, including 2’-fucosyllactose (2’FL) (interaction, P = 0.99), lacto-N-fucopentaose I (LNFPI) (interaction, P = 0.36), disialyl-lacto-N-tetraose (DSLNT) (interaction, P = 0.99), and lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT) (interaction, P = 0.90). Further, there were no significant changes in any of the HMOs following a standardized meal plus SSB, as 2’FL (interaction, P = 0.12), LNFPI (interaction, P = 0.95), DSLNT (interaction, P = 0.66), and LNnT (interaction, P = 0.67) did not change in response to the diet intervention over 6-consecutive hours. Conclusions Our findings reveal that HMOs are stable over one-week during early lactation, and are not acutely affected by maternal food and SSB consumption. Funding Sources National Institutes of Health (HD098288, HD080444, and DK056341); Harold Hamm Diabetes Center at the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center.

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