scholarly journals Cortical Connections of Functional Zones in Posterior Parietal Cortex and Frontal Cortex Motor Regions in New World Monkeys

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 1981-2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. A. Gharbawie ◽  
I. Stepniewska ◽  
J. H. Kaas
Keyword(s):  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Parietal Cortex ◽  
Posterior Parietal Cortex ◽  
New World ◽  
New World Monkeys ◽  
Cortical Connections ◽  
Functional Zones ◽  
Posterior Parietal

scholarly journals Neural correlates of visuospatial working memory in the ‘at-risk mental state’

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (12) ◽  
pp. 1987-1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Broome ◽  
P. Fusar-Poli ◽  
P. Matthiasson ◽  
J. B. Woolley ◽  
L. Valmaggia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Parietal Cortex ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Posterior Parietal Cortex ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Posterior Parietal ◽  
At Risk Mental State

BackgroundImpaired spatial working memory (SWM) is a robust feature of schizophrenia and has been linked to the risk of developing psychosis in people with an at-risk mental state (ARMS). We used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to examine the neural substrate of SWM in the ARMS and in patients who had just developed schizophrenia.MethodfMRI was used to study 17 patients with an ARMS, 10 patients with a first episode of psychosis and 15 age-matched healthy comparison subjects. The blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) response was measured while subjects performed an object–location paired-associate memory task, with experimental manipulation of mnemonic load.ResultsIn all groups, increasing mnemonic load was associated with activation in the medial frontal and medial posterior parietal cortex. Significant between-group differences in activation were evident in a cluster spanning the medial frontal cortex and right precuneus, with the ARMS groups showing less activation than controls but greater activation than first-episode psychosis (FEP) patients. These group differences were more evident at the most demanding levels of the task than at the easy level. In all groups, task performance improved with repetition of the conditions. However, there was a significant group difference in the response of the right precuneus across repeated trials, with an attenuation of activation in controls but increased activation in FEP and little change in the ARMS.ConclusionsAbnormal neural activity in the medial frontal cortex and posterior parietal cortex during an SWM task may be a neural correlate of increased vulnerability to psychosis.

scholarly journals Cortical Connections of the Caudal Portion of Posterior Parietal Cortex in Prosimian Galagos

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 2753-2777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iwona Stepniewska ◽  
Christina M. Cerkevich ◽  
Jon H. Kaas
Keyword(s):  
Parietal Cortex ◽  
Posterior Parietal Cortex ◽  
Cortical Connections ◽  
Caudal Portion ◽  
Posterior Parietal

scholarly journals Architecture and organization of mouse posterior parietal cortex relative to extrastriate areas

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karoline Hovde ◽  
Michele Gianatti ◽  
Menno P. Witter ◽  
Jonathan R. Whitlock
Keyword(s):  
Parietal Cortex ◽  
Posterior Parietal Cortex ◽  
Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor ◽  
Thalamic Nuclei ◽  
Cortical Connections ◽  
Posterior Parietal ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Anterograde Tracer ◽  
Higher Visual Areas ◽  
Extrastriate Areas

ABSTRACTThe posterior parietal cortex (PPC) is a multifaceted region of cortex, contributing to several cognitive processes including sensorimotor integration and spatial navigation. Although recent years have seen a considerable rise in the use of rodents, particularly mice, to investigate PPC and related networks, a coherent anatomical definition of PPC in the mouse is still lacking. To address this, we delineated the mouse PPC using cyto- and chemoarchitectural markers from Nissl-, parvalbumin- and muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2-staining. Additionally, we performed bilateral triple anterograde tracer injections in primary visual cortex (V1) and prepared flattened tangential sections from one hemisphere and coronal sections from the other, allowing us to co-register the cytoarchitectural features of PPC with V1 projections. In charting the location of extrastriate areas and the architectural features of PPC in the context of each other, we reconcile different, widely used conventions for demarcating PPC in the mouse. Furthermore, triple anterograde tracer injections in PPC showed strong projections to associative thalamic nuclei as well as higher visual areas, orbitofrontal, cingulate and secondary motor cortices. Retrograde circuit mapping with rabies virus further showed that all cortical connections were reciprocal. These combined approaches provide a coherent definition of mouse PPC that incorporates laminar architecture, extrastriate projections, thalamic, and cortico-cortical connections.

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