scholarly journals Intravenous Artesunate Reduces Parasite Clearance Time, Duration of Intensive Care, and Hospital Treatment in Patients With Severe Malaria in Europe: The TropNet Severe Malaria Study: Figure 1.

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (9) ◽  
pp. 1441-1444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Kurth ◽  
Michel Develoux ◽  
Matthieu Mechain ◽  
Jan Clerinx ◽  
Spinello Antinori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Severe Malaria ◽  
Parasite Clearance ◽  
Hospital Treatment ◽  
Clearance Time ◽  
Time Duration ◽  
Parasite Clearance Time

scholarly journals Delayed Parasite Clearance after Treatment with Dihydroartemisinin-Piperaquine in Plasmodium falciparum Malaria Patients in Central Vietnam

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (12) ◽  
pp. 7049-7055 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamala Thriemer ◽  
Nguyen Van Hong ◽  
Anna Rosanas-Urgell ◽  
Bui Quang Phuc ◽  
Do Manh Ha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Clearance Rate ◽  
Artemisinin Resistance ◽  
Parasite Clearance ◽  
Clearance Time ◽  
Sensitivity Testing ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Parasite Clearance Time ◽  
Central Vietnam

ABSTRACTReduced susceptibility ofPlasmodium falciparumtoward artemisinin derivatives has been reported from the Thai-Cambodian and Thai-Myanmar borders. Following increasing reports from central Vietnam of delayed parasite clearance after treatment with dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DHA-PPQ), the current first-line treatment, we carried out a study on the efficacy of this treatment. Between September 2012 and February 2013, we conducted a 42-dayin vivoandin vitroefficacy study in Quang Nam Province. Treatment was directly observed, and blood samples were collected twice daily until parasite clearance. In addition, genotyping, quantitative PCR (qPCR), andin vitrosensitivity testing of isolates was performed. The primary endpoints were parasite clearance rate and time. The secondary endpoints included PCR-corrected and uncorrected cure rates, qPCR clearance profiles,in vitrosensitivity results (for chloroquine, dihydroartemisinin, and piperaquine), and genotyping for mutations in the Kelch 13 propeller domain. Out of 672 screened patients, 95 were recruited and 89 available for primary endpoint analyses. The median parasite clearance time (PCT) was 61.7 h (interquartile range [IQR], 47.6 to 83.2 h), and the median parasite clearance rate had a slope half-life of 6.2 h (IQR, 4.4 to 7.5 h). The PCR-corrected efficacy rates were estimated at 100% at day 28 and 97.7% (95% confidence interval, 91.2% to 99.4%) at day 42. At day 3, theP. falciparumprevalence by qPCR was 2.5 times higher than that by microscopy. The 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50s) of isolates with delayed clearance times (≥72 h) were significantly higher than those with normal clearance times for all three drugs. Delayed parasite clearance (PCT, ≥72 h) was significantly higher among day 0 samples carrying the 543 mutant allele (47.8%) than those carrying the wild-type allele (1.8%;P= 0.048). In central Vietnam, the efficacy of DHA-PPQ is still satisfactory, but the parasite clearance time and rate are indicative of emerging artemisinin resistance. (This study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under registration no. NCT01775592.)

scholarly journals Plasmodium falciparum clearance time in Malawian children with cerebral malaria: a retrospective cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexuse M. Saidi ◽  
Geoffrey Guenther ◽  
Rima Izem ◽  
Xiaojun Chen ◽  
Karl Seydel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Cerebral Malaria ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Artemisinin Resistance ◽  
Parasite Clearance ◽  
First Year ◽  
Clearance Time ◽  
Parasite Clearance Time

Abstract Background Standard treatment for both uncomplicated and severe malaria is artemisinin derivatives. Delayed parasite clearance times preceded the appearance of artemisinin treatment failures in Southeast Asia. Most worldwide malaria cases are in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), where clinically significant artemisinin resistance or treatment failure has not yet been detected. The recent emergence of a resistance-conferring genetic mutation in the Plasmodium falciparum parasite in Africa warrants continued monitoring throughout the continent. Methods An analysis was performed on data from a retrospective cohort study of Malawian children with cerebral malaria admitted between 2010 and 2019 to a public referral hospital, ascertaining parasite clearance times across years. Data were collected from patients treated for severe malaria with quinine or artesunate, an artemisinin derivative. Parasite density was determined at admission and every subsequent 6 h until parasitaemia was below 1000 parasites/µl.The mean parasite clearance time in all children admitted in any one year was compared to the parasite clearance time in 2014, the first year of artesunate use in Malawi. Results The median population parasite clearance time was slower from 2010 to 2013 (quinine-treated patients) compared to 2014, the first year of artesunate use in Malawi (30 h (95% CI: 30–30) vs 18 h (95% CI: 18–24)). After adjustment for admission parasite count, there was no statistically significant difference in the median population parasite clearance time when comparing 2014 with any subsequent year. Conclusion Malaria parasite clearance times in Malawian children with cerebral malaria remained constant between 2014 and 2019, arguing against evolving artemisinin resistance in parasites in this region.

scholarly journals Increasing Malaria Parasite Clearance Time after Chloroquine Therapy, South Korea, 2000–2016

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 1852-1855
Author(s):  
Seong Yeon Park ◽  
Yoon Soo Park ◽  
Yoonseon Park ◽  
Yee Gyung Kwak ◽  
Je Eun Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Malaria Parasite ◽  
Parasite Clearance ◽  
Clearance Time ◽  
Parasite Clearance Time

Effect of paracetamol on parasite clearance time in Plasmodium falciparum malaria

The Lancet ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 350 (9093) ◽  
pp. 1776
Author(s):  
Peter G Kremsner ◽  
Christian H Brandts ◽  
Maryse Ndjave ◽  
Wolfgang Graninger
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Falciparum Malaria ◽  
Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria ◽  
Parasite Clearance ◽  
Clearance Time ◽  
Parasite Clearance Time

scholarly journals OC 8459 ASSESSMENT OF PARASITE CLEARANCE AFTER REPEATED TREATMENT WITH ARTESUNATE AMODIAQUINE, DIHYDROARTEMISININ-PIPERAQUINE, PYRONARIDINE-ARTESUNATE IN MALARIA PATIENTS IN BURKINA FASO

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (Suppl 3) ◽  
pp. A7.2-A8
Author(s):  
Issiaka Soulama ◽  
Sodiomon B Sirima
Keyword(s):  
Parasite Clearance ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Repeated Treatment ◽  
Clearance Time ◽  
Combination Therapies ◽  
First Line ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Parasite Clearance Time ◽  
Secondary Endpoints ◽  
Cure Rates

BackgroundReports from Southeast Asia showed delayed parasite clearance after treatment with known artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs), the first-line treatment for malaria. We then carried out a study in the framework of the WANECAM clinical trial to assess comparatively the parasite clearance time and rate from P. falciparum malaria patients repeatedly treated with the artesunate-amodiaquine (ASAQ), dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DHA-PQ) and artesunate-pyronaridine (PYR).MethodsA randomised, phase III/IV comparative, multicentre, open-label, parallel 3-arms trial was conducted in Banfora Health District area comparing the efficacy of a three-day regimen of DHA-PQ, PYR with ASAQ for the treatment of children (above 6 months) and adults with uncomplicated falciparum malaria. From August 2012 to December 2013, each randomised patient was followed up for 42 days over a period of two years. Treatment was directly observed, and blood smear samples were collected twice daily (12 hour±2 hour) until parasite clearance.The endpoints of the present sub-study were parasite clearance rate and time. The secondary endpoints included PCR-corrected and uncorrected cure rates.ResultsOut of 2843 screened patients, 763 were recruited for parasite clearance endpoint analyses. The median parasite clearance time (PCT) was 24.1 hour (2-sided 95% CI, 24.0 to 24.2 hour), 23.9 hour (2-sided 95% CI, 23.8 to 24.0 hour) and 24.2 hour (2-sided 95% CI, 24.1 to 24.5 hour), in PYR and DHA-PQ, respectively. The PCR-corrected efficacy rates were estimated at 99.8%; 99.7%; 99.9%, at day 28% and 99.3%; 99.7%–99.9% in PYR, ASAQ and DHA-PQ, respectively.ConclusionThe parasite clearance times were comparable among the three ACT arms of treatment and their efficacy was comparable and higher than 99%. There was no delay in parasite clearance time (PCT ≥72 hour).

scholarly journals Comparison of artesunate and quinine in the treatment of severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria at Kassala hospital, Sudan

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (05) ◽  
pp. 611-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tajeldin M Abdallah ◽  
Khalid A Elmardi ◽  
Asama H Elhassan ◽  
Mona B Omer ◽  
Mousab S Elhag ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Malaria ◽  
Falciparum Malaria ◽  
Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria ◽  
Parasite Clearance ◽  
Loading Dose ◽  
Clearance Time ◽  
Resolution Time ◽  
Fever Clearance Time ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Eastern Sudan

Introduction: There is a need to investigate the treatment (artesunate and quinine) of severe malaria, as this will influence the outcome of morbidity and the mortality of the disease. Methodology:  An open randomized trial conducted at Kassala, Sudan. Patients with severe P. falciparum malaria were randomly assigned to either intravenous artesunate at 2.4 mg/kg at 0, 12, and 24 hours, then daily, or intravenous quinine at a 20 mg/kg loading dose, then 10 mg/kg three times a day. Fever and parasite clearance and coma resolution time were compared between the two groups . Results: The two groups (47 in each group) were well matched in the clinical and biochemical characteristics. Hypotension, convulsions, severe anemia, hypoglycemia, cerebral malaria, and jaundice were the predominant manifestations of severe malaria. The mean (SD) of the fever clearance (10.8 [5.5] vs. 14.0 [8.1] hours, p = 0.028) and the parasite clearance time (16.5 [6.4] vs. 21.7 [11.3] hours, p = 0.007) were significantly shorter in the artesunate-treated patients. In comatose patients, there was no difference between the two groups in coma resolution time. Following quinine infusion, ten patients developed tinnitus (p < 0.001), and four had hypoglycemia (p = 0.033). Tinnitus and hypoglycemia were not detected in the artesunate group. One patient in the artesunate group died. Conclusions: Artesunate is more effective than quinine, in term of parasite and fever clearance time, in the treatment of P. falciparum malaria in eastern Sudan. The study found no difference between artesunate and quinine in coma resolution time.

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