scholarly journals Natural History and Evolution of Anti-Interferon-γ Autoantibody-Associated Immunodeficiency Syndrome in Thailand and the United States

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gloria H Hong ◽  
Ana M Ortega-Villa ◽  
Sally Hunsberger ◽  
Ploenchan Chetchotisakd ◽  
Siriluck Anunnatsiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Natural History ◽  
The United States ◽  
Interferon Γ ◽  
Mycobacterium Abscessus ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Persistent Infections ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Abstract Background The natural history of anti-interferon-γ (IFN-γ) autoantibody-associated immunodeficiency syndrome is not well understood. Methods Data of 74 patients with anti-IFN-γ autoantibodies at Srinagarind Hospital, Thailand, were collected annually (median follow-up duration, 7.5 years). Annual data for 19 patients and initial data for 4 patients with anti-IFN-γ autoantibodies at the US National Institutes of Health were collected (median follow-up duration, 4.5 years). Anti-IFN-γ autoantibody levels were measured in plasma samples. Results Ninety-one percent of US patients were of Southeast Asian descent; there was a stronger female predominance (91%) in US than Thai (64%) patients. Mycobacterium abscessus (34%) and Mycobacterium avium complex (83%) were the most common nontuberculous mycobacteria in Thailand and the United States, respectively. Skin infections were more common in Thailand (P = .001), whereas bone (P < .0001), lung (P = .002), and central nervous system (P = .03) infections were more common in the United States. Twenty-four percent of Thai patients died, most from infections. None of the 19 US patients with follow-up data died. Anti-IFN-γ autoantibody levels decreased over time in Thailand (P < .001) and the United States (P = .017), with either cyclophosphamide (P = .01) or rituximab therapy (P = .001). Conclusions Patients with anti-IFN-γ autoantibodies in Thailand and the United States had distinct demographic and clinical features. While titers generally decreased with time, anti-IFN-γ autoantibody disease had a chronic clinical course with persistent infections and death. Close long-term surveillance for new infections is recommended.

Bringing the Real World of Science to Children: A Partnership of the American Museum of Natural History and the City University of New York

2008 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony G Picciano ◽  
Robert V. Steiner
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Compulsory Education ◽  
Development Program ◽  
The United States ◽  
American Museum ◽  
The World ◽  
The City

Every child has a right to an education. In the United States, the issue is not necessarily about access to a school but access to a quality education. With strict compulsory education laws, more than 50 million students enrolled in primary and secondary schools, and billions of dollars spent annually on public and private education, American children surely have access to buildings and classrooms. However, because of a complex and competitive system of shared policymaking among national, state, and local governments, not all schools are created equal nor are equal education opportunities available for the poor, minorities, and underprivileged. One manifestation of this inequity is the lack of qualified teachers in many urban and rural schools to teach certain subjects such as science, mathematics, and technology. The purpose of this article is to describe a partnership model between two major institutions (The American Museum of Natural History and The City University of New York) and the program designed to improve the way teachers are trained and children are taught and introduced to the world of science. These two institutions have partnered on various projects over the years to expand educational opportunity especially in the teaching of science. One of the more successful projects is Seminars on Science (SoS), an online teacher education and professional development program, that connects teachers across the United States and around the world to cutting-edge research and provides them with powerful classroom resources. This article provides the institutional perspectives, the challenges and the strategies that fostered this partnership.

The Impact of Monetary and Fiscal Policies on the Stock Market in the United States (U.S); Evidence from Linear ARDL Framework

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-132
Author(s):  
Aref Emamian
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Stock Market ◽  
The United States ◽  
Real Effective Exchange Rate ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Fiscal Policies ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Us ◽  
Short Run ◽  
The Impact

This study examines the impact of monetary and fiscal policies on the stock market in the United States (US), were used. By employing the method of Autoregressive Distributed Lags (ARDL) developed by Pesaran et al. (2001). Annual data from the Federal Reserve, World Bank, and International Monetary Fund, from 1986 to 2017 pertaining to the American economy, the results show that both policies play a significant role in the stock market. We find a significant positive effect of real Gross Domestic Product and the interest rate on the US stock market in the long run and significant negative relationship effect of Consumer Price Index (CPI) and broad money on the US stock market both in the short run and long run. On the other hand, this study only could support the significant positive impact of tax revenue and significant negative impact of real effective exchange rate on the US stock market in the short run while in the long run are insignificant. Keywords: ARDL, monetary policy, fiscal policy, stock market, United States

scholarly journals SAT0172 UTILIZATION OF HYDROXYCHLOROQUINE AND CORTICOSTEROIDS AMONG LUPUS PATIENTS WITH INCIDENT END-STAGE RENAL DISEASE (ESRD) ONSET: A LONGITUDINAL STUDY USING USRDS REGISTRY

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1027.2-1027
Author(s):  
A. R. Broder ◽  
W. Mowrey ◽  
A. Valle ◽  
B. Goilav ◽  
K. Yoshida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Lupus Nephritis ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
The United States ◽  
Diagnostic Code ◽  
Prescribing Practices ◽  
Part D ◽  
Stage Renal Disease

Background:The development of ESRD due to lupus nephritis is one of the most common and serious complications of SLE. Mortality among SLE ESRD patients is 4-fold higher compared to lupus nephritis patients with preserved renal function1Mortality in SLE ESRD is also twice as high compared with non-SLE ESRD, even though SLE patients develop ESRD at a significantly younger age. In the absence of ESRD specific guidelines, medication utilization in SLE ESRD is unknown.Objectives:The objective of this study was to investigate the real-world current US-wide patterns of medication prescribing among lupus nephritis patients with new onset ESRD enrolled in the United States Renal Disease Systems (USRDS) registry. We specifically focused on HCQ and corticosteroids (CS) as the most used medications to treat SLE.Methods:Inclusion: USRDS patients 18 years and above with SLE as a primary cause of ESRD (International Classification of Diseases, 9thRevision (ICD9) diagnostic code 710.0, previously validated2). who developed ESRD between January 1st, 2006 and July 31, 2011 (to ensure at least 6 months of follow-up in the USRDS). Patients had to be enrolled in Medicare Part D (to capture pharmacy claims). The last follow-up date was defined as either the last date of continuous part D coverage or the end of the study period, Dec 31, 2013.Results:Of the 2579 patients included, 1708 (66%) were HCQ- at baseline, and 871 (34%) were HCQ+ at baseline. HCQ+ patients at baseline had a slightly lower duration of follow-up compared to HCQ- patients at baseline, median (IQR) of 2.32 (1.33, 3.97) years and 2.55 (1.44, 4.25) years, respectively, p= 0.02. During follow-up period, only 778 (30%) continued HCQ either intermittently or continuously to the last follow-up date, 1306 (51%) were never prescribed HCQ after baseline, and 495 (19%) discontinued HCQ before the last follow-up date. Of the 1801 patients who were either never prescribed or discontinued HCQ early after ESRD onset, 713 (40%) were prescribed CS to the end of the follow-up period: 55% were receiving a low dose <10mg/daily, and 43 were receiving moderate dose (10-20mg daily)Conclusion:HCQ may be underprescribed and CS may be overprescribed in SLE ESRD. Changing the current prescribing practices may improve outcomes in SLE ESRDReferences:[1]Yap DY et al., NDT 2012.[2]Broder A et al., AC&R 2016.Acknowledgments :The data reported here have been supplied by the United States Renal Data System (USRDS). The interpretation and reporting of these data are the responsibility of the author(s) and in no way should be seen as an official policy or interpretation of the U.S. government.Funding: :NIH/NIAMS K23 AR068441 (A Broder), NIH/NIAMS R01 AR 057327 and K24 AR 066109 (KH Costenbader)Disclosure of Interests: :Anna R. Broder: None declared, Wenzhu Mowrey: None declared, Anna Valle: None declared, Beatrice Goilav: None declared, Kazuki Yoshida: None declared, Karen Costenbader Grant/research support from: Merck, Consultant of: Astra-Zeneca

scholarly journals Results from the United States CTEPH Registry (US-CTEPH-R): Enrollment Characteristics and 1-Year Follow-up

CHEST Journal ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim M. Kerr ◽  
C. Greg Elliott ◽  
Kelly Chin ◽  
Raymond L. Benza ◽  
Richard N. Channick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States

The Natural History of Snakes Inhabiting the United States

Ecology ◽  
1957 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 548
Author(s):  
Charles M. Bogert ◽  
Albert Hazen Wright ◽  
Anna Allen Wright
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Natural History ◽  
The United States ◽  
History Of

Short-term follow-up systems for positive newborn screens in the Washington Metropolitan Area and the United States

2015 ◽  
Vol 116 (4) ◽  
pp. 226-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Viall ◽  
Sneha Jain ◽  
Kimberly Chapman ◽  
Nicholas Ah Mew ◽  
Marshall Summar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
The United States ◽  
Short Term

scholarly journals Increased Early Revision Rate with the INFINITY Total Ankle Prosthesis

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 2473011418S0003
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Cody ◽  
Michel Taylor ◽  
James Nunley ◽  
Selene Parekh ◽  
James DeOrio
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Tibial Component ◽  
Revision Rate ◽  
The United States ◽  
Additional Patient ◽  
Foot And Ankle ◽  
Early Revision ◽  
One Year ◽  
Component Loosening

Category: Ankle Arthritis Introduction/Purpose: Modern total ankle arthroplasties (TAAs) have demonstrated improved survival rates at early- and mid-term follow-up, with revision rates ranging from 4 to 8% at five years. The INFINITY total ankle system (Wright Medical Technology, Arlington, TN) was first used in the United States in 2014. Its advantages include the ability to use patient-specific instrumentation and the option to choose between talar dome resurfacing and flat-cut talar components. While this implant is currently popular in the United States, clinical outcomes have not yet been reported. Our aim was to identify the rate of early revision among patients receiving the INFINITY prosthesis. Methods: Patients from two prospectively-collected databases at the authors’ institution were screened for inclusion in the present study. All patients who underwent a primary TAA with the INFINITY prosthesis and who were at least one year postoperative were included. All surgeries were performed by one of two orthopaedic foot and ankle surgeons with extensive experience in total ankle arthroplasty. The primary outcome was the need for revision surgery, which was defined as removal of one or both metal components. Peri-implant lucency at most recent follow-up was a secondary outcome. Anteroposterior and lateral radiographs at most recent follow-up were graded for lucency independently by two reviewers, both orthopaedic foot and ankle fellows, for individual peri-implant zones (Figure). Each zone was only considered “lucent” if recorded as such by both reviewers. Results: 160 patients underwent TAA with the INFINITY prosthesis between August 2014 and November 2016 with a mean 20 months of follow-up (range, 12-37). Six patients were lost to follow-up. Sixteen patients (10%) underwent revision a mean 1.2 years postoperatively. Revision was performed most commonly for tibial component loosening (seven patients, 4.4%) and deep infection (five patients, 3.1%). Of cases with tibial loosening, progressive lucency and/or subsidence was obvious radiographically in four patients; one patient had equivocal radiographs but loosening was suggested on single-photon emission computed tomography; and two patients revised for persistent pain had loosening confirmed intraoperatively. Of the 108 patients with retained components and at least one year of radiographic follow-up, eight (7.4%) had global lucency around the tibial component at most recent follow-up. Conclusion: Our initial review of patients undergoing TAA with the INFINITY prosthesis demonstrates an elevated early revision rate due to tibial component loosening. The reasons for this finding remain unclear, but could possibly include inadequate bony purchase of the implant’s three prongs, particularly in patients with large preoperative deformities or with imperfect component alignment. We plan to further investigate the possible reasons for this finding in the future by assessing additional patient factors, including age, sex, arthritis type, tobacco use, pre- and postoperative coronal and sagittal alignment, and presence of ipsilateral hindfoot fusion.

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