Political environments and labour market opportunities as contributors to housing indebtedness: a US state-level analysis

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. T. Leicht
Author(s):  
Raevin Jimenez

The field of pre-1830 South African history has been subject to periodic interrogations into conventional narratives, sources, and methods. The so-called mfecane debates of the 1980s and 1990s marked a radical departure from characterizations of warfare in the interior, generally regarded in earlier decades as stemming solely or mostly from the Zulu king Shaka. Efforts to reframe violence led to more thorough considerations of political elites and statecraft from the late eighteenth to the early nineteenth century but also contributed to new approaches to ethnicity, dependency, and to some extent gender. A new wave of historiographical critique in the 2010s shows the work of revision to be ongoing. The article considers the debates around the wars of the late precolonial period, including unresolved strands of inquiry, and argues for a move away from state-level analysis toward social histories of women and non-elites. Though it focuses on the 1760s through the 1830s, the article also presents examples highlighting the importance of recovering deeper temporal context for the South African interior.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexa J. Dugan ◽  
Jeremy W. Lichstein ◽  
Al Steele ◽  
Juha M. Metsaranta ◽  
Steven Bick ◽  
...  

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Hemlata Sharma

This paper attempts to measure Gender Pay Gap (GPG) in India using NSSO data for the year 2011-12. Our results show that Gender Pay Gap in India is higher in rural sector as compared to urban sector. In both rural and urban sector agriculture and private households with employed persons account for highest Gender Pay Gap. Our results also show that GPG is higher among illiterates and below matric literate employees. However, state level analysis of Gender Pay Gap shows that economically developed states have lower Gender Pay Gap and the poorer states have higher Gender Pay Gap in India.


2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2(79)) ◽  
pp. 25-34
Author(s):  
O.K. AFANASIEVA ◽  
A.O. HUK

Topicality. Nowadays, crewing business in Ukraine is at the stage of formation and development, so its study is a rather new topic for modern Ukrainian science. The study of the problem of considering the crewing business from the point of view of rising the quality of the labour force in the seafarers' labour market, highlights the features of modern interaction between the subjects of the maritime segment of the labour market in terms of the effectiveness of work with marine personnel, helps to orient work in the maritime industry at the state level in the direction of risk reduction and maximum elimination of threats of the present for a modern shipping company, it is necessary to ensure the safety of seafarers in the legal and operational field, which is the basis of this scientific article. Aim and tasks. The aim and tasks of the study are to determine the features of modern interaction between the subjects of the maritime segment of the labour market: the shipowner, the crewing company and the seafarer to design further ways to develop crewing activities. Research results. The article considers the features of the interaction between the subjects of the maritime segment of the labour market: the shipowner, the crewing company and the sailor in the modern dimension of the development of crewing activities. The commercial relationship between the interests of the customer and the intermediary in the selection of a successful skilled employee is analysed. Threats to the development of the modern maritime industry, affecting the labour market of seafarers, have been identified. The ways of further state regulation of the activities of crewing companies in Ukraine on the employment of seafarers and ensuring their protection in any port of the world are covered. Conclusion. The value of the work is determined by the small number of publications on this topic. In Ukraine the opportunity to ensure the protection of seafarers is conditioned by a new state policy, it provides for the introduction of new laws and regulations in the maritime industry, they are aimed at supporting seafarers working on ships on international voyages. The adoption of positive state decisions in the shortest possible time is a way to strengthen international cooperation in ensuring the observance of the labour and social seafarers� rights, their guarantees, ultimately, it will have a positive effect on the development of crewing activities in our country.


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