Recent advances in measurement of amylase activity--a comparative study.

1980 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 846-853 ◽  
Author(s):  
R A Kaufman ◽  
N W Tietz

Abstract We evaluated four kinetic amylase procedures with respect to kinetics, analytical range, blank rates, reagent stability, reagent impurities, interfering substances, and intrinsic sensitivities. Each of the methods is shown to have its own unique advantages and disadvantages. A preliminary discussion of some alternative methods, in which glycosidic p-nitrophenyl alpha-oligosaccharides are substrates, is included.

1980 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 846-853
Author(s):  
R A Kaufman ◽  
N W Tietz

Abstract We evaluated four kinetic amylase procedures with respect to kinetics, analytical range, blank rates, reagent stability, reagent impurities, interfering substances, and intrinsic sensitivities. Each of the methods is shown to have its own unique advantages and disadvantages. A preliminary discussion of some alternative methods, in which glycosidic p-nitrophenyl alpha-oligosaccharides are substrates, is included.


2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-26
Author(s):  
Abdulrahman Ahmed Alsuwaidi ◽  
Arieff Salleh Rosman

The case management system is an innovative system in the national legislations, it was created because of the slow judiciary procedures and the accumulated cases in the courts. It is also an attempt to settle the juristic dispute before resorting to the jurisdiction. This study aims to identify the alternative methods of disputes settlement in the Islamic sharia; reconciliation, mediation, adjudication. It also sheds a light on the case management system in modern judicial systems and its practical implementations through the comparative study, the demonstration of its goals and its date of inception, the evaluation of the system through the illustration of the advantages and disadvantages, the identification of the main obstacles it encounters, and the Comparison between the case management system in the law and the alternative systems to settle disputes in the Islamic sharia in order to reach conclusions and recommendations by following the scientific methodology of the study using a descriptive, analytical, historical and comparative method. The most important recommendations of the study; first, the need to implement the rules of Islam in the jurisdiction. Second, the need to expand the power of those involved in the a case management system by enabling them to settle disputes in a final manner. Third, the need to pass a special and independent law that organizes the offices of the a case management and clarifies the duties and powers of those who are responsible. يعتبر نظام إدارة الدعوى القضائية نظاما مستحدث ا في التشريعات الوطنية، أوجدته الحاجة بسبب بطء إجراءات التقاضي وتكدس الدعاوى القضائية في المحاكم، ومحاولةً لحل النزاع القانوني قبل اللجوء إلى القضاء، كما وتهدف هذه الدراسة للتعرف على الطرق البديلة لحل النزاعات في الشريعة الإسلامية وهي الصلح والوساطة والتحكيم، وتسليط الضوء على نظام إدارة الدعوى في الأنظمة القضائية الحديةة، والتطبيقات العملية له من خلال الدراسة المقارنة، وبيان أهدافه، وتاريخ نشأته، وتقييم النظام من خلال بيان المزايا والعيوب، وتحديد أهم المعوقات الي تواجهه، ومقارنة نظام إدارة الدعوى في القانون، بالأنظمة البديلة لحل النزاعات في الشريعة الإسلامية، وذلك بهدف الوصول إلى النتائج والتوصيات، من خلال إتباع منهجية علمية باستخدام المنهج الوصيي التحليلي، والتاريخي، والمقارن. ومن أهم التوصيات الي خلصت إليها الدراسة أولاً: ضرورة إعمال أحكام الإسلام في القضاء. ثانيا:ً العمل على توسيع صلاحيات القائمين على نظام إدارة الدعوى، وذلك من خلال تمكينهم من اليصل في المنازعات بشكل نهائي. ثالةاً: ضرورة تنظيم قانون خاص ومستقل ينظم عمل مكاتب إدارة الدعوى، ويوضح فيه مهام وصلاحيات القائمين عليه


2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 12-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Wei ◽  
Guanjie Zheng ◽  
Vikash Gayah ◽  
Zhenhui Li

Traffic signal control is an important and challenging real-world problem that has recently received a large amount of interest from both transportation and computer science communities. In this survey, we focus on investigating the recent advances in using reinforcement learning (RL) techniques to solve the traffic signal control problem. We classify the known approaches based on the RL techniques they use and provide a review of existing models with analysis on their advantages and disadvantages. Moreover, we give an overview of the simulation environments and experimental settings that have been developed to evaluate the traffic signal control methods. Finally, we explore future directions in the area of RLbased traffic signal control methods. We hope this survey could provide insights to researchers dealing with real-world applications in intelligent transportation systems


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stepan A. Lapshinov ◽  
Vadim A. Shakhnov ◽  
Anton V. Yudin

The paper considers the principles of intelligent motion control of mobile robots using the example of omni-wheel modules. The proposed design solution uses components of movement intelligence in any direction, receiving commands from a human operator or above a standing automatic control device, consisting of an angle of movement direction and the required distance of movement. This paper presents an embodiment of using omni-wheels to move a mobile robot over a flat surface. Features of device and application of drive with three omni-wheels in comparison with differential drive are considered. Kinematics, basic principles of motion control formation, hardware and software complex for its implementation are described. There were revealed two alternative methods of organization of drive control in conditions of shortage of low-level hardware resources on the basis of 8-bit microcontroller, their advantages and disadvantages have been analyzed. Process support and materials have been presented that allows realizing the competitive advantages of development while minimizing the cost of components. Features of mobile robot travel route development have been mentioned on the example of competitive practice.


2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronnie Goodwin

This qualitative short report considers the viability of the use of rubrics or alternative methods to assess writing in Asia and the Middle East. The background of learning theories, assessment types, and self-assessment literature provides a foundation for further discussion of the appropriate use of rubrics, including the prioritization of criterion, the quality of scoring, the impact of organizational features on scoring, the influence of bias, and the best application of rubric assessment. Relevant points for further study are identified, such as differentiation in research between generalized analytical rating systems and rubric assessment with specific, empirical criterion. The contradictory research regarding the advantages and disadvantages of rubric assessment in comparison with holistic assessment are of particular and crucial interest for global pedagogy. Many of the reviewed Western articles excluded Asian perspectives- except for China- and thus present a limited understanding of social and educational compatibility with new assessments and rubric assessments in particular. The discussion identifies patterns and points of contention and seeks to explore viewpoints rather than limit the scope of inquiry and consideration thus noting that relevant literature suggests that with appropriate teacher training, teachers may appropriately use rubrics as a formative assessment tool for writing in Asia and the Middle East.


2011 ◽  
Vol 88-89 ◽  
pp. 668-673
Author(s):  
Lan Jiang ◽  
Xiao Nong Wang ◽  
Hong Chao Liu ◽  
Chuan Dong Zhang ◽  
Shi Yong Kang

This paper attempts to research the main differences between mechanical testing and artificial testing for Putonghua Proficiency Test by comparing the data acquired through experiments, with an analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of the two testing forms respectively. The findings may serve as a reference for future efforts to make Putonghua Proficiency Test more standard, scientific, and modernized.


2020 ◽  
pp. 163-205
Author(s):  
José T. Garfella-Rubio ◽  
Jesús Máñez-Pitarch ◽  
Joaquín A. Martínez-Moya ◽  
Jaume Gual-Ortí

In recent years, cutting-edge methods have emerged to gradually replace or be used with traditional methods to carry out graphic surveys of architectural heritage; modern topographic tools such as 3D scanners and specific software. In addition, the new technologies of additive printing and three-dimensional digital representations has made architectural heritage more accessible to the general public. The main objective of this study was to conduct an analysis of each of the methods, to determine their advantages and disadvantages, as well as to carry out a comparative study of the results obtained with each of them.


2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. T1055-T1066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiling Long ◽  
Yazeed Alaudah ◽  
Muhammad Ali Qureshi ◽  
Yuting Hu ◽  
Zhen Wang ◽  
...  

We have explored how to computationally characterize subsurface geologic structures presented in seismic volumes using texture attributes. For this purpose, we conduct a comparative study of typical texture attributes presented in the image processing literature. We focus on spatial attributes in this study and examine them in a new application for seismic interpretation, i.e., seismic volume labeling. For this application, a data volume is automatically segmented into various structures, each assigned with its corresponding label. If the labels are assigned with reasonable accuracy, such volume labeling will help initiate an interpretation process in a more effective manner. Our investigation proves the feasibility of accomplishing this task using texture attributes. We also identify the advantages and disadvantages associated with each attribute.


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