beta 2-Microglobulin clearance as measured by radioimmunoassay.

1980 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 1193-1197 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Woo ◽  
M Floyd ◽  
M A Longley ◽  
D C Cannon
Keyword(s):  
Dose Response ◽  
Renal Allograft ◽  
Rabbit Antiserum ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Assay Sensitivity ◽  
Antibody Technique ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Beta 2 ◽  
Beta 2 Microglobulin ◽  
Serum And Urine

Abstract We describe a radioimmunoassay for beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2 mu) in serum and urine. We incubated aliquots of diluted samples at room temperature for 1 h with 125I-labeled beta 2 mu and a rabbit antiserum monospecific for human beta 2 mu, and separated the phases by the double-antibody technique. The logit-log transformed dose-response curve was linear in the range 2 to 64 ng, equivalent to 0.5 to 16 mg/L of serum and 0.5 to 320 mg/L of urine. Assay sensitivity was 2.4 ng of beta 2 mu. Validation studies included tests of precision, accuracy, antibody specificity, and parallelism of the dose-response curves for standard and unknown. In a study of 25 normal individuals, serum and urine beta 2 mu ranged from 1.1 to 2.3 mg/L and 40 to 360 micrograms/24 h; the clearance of beta 2 mu was 8 to 130 microL/min. In 21 renal allograft recipients tested one to five weeks after transplantation, serum and urine beta 2 mu ranged from 3.9 to 15.6 mg/L and 7.2 to 611 mg/24 h; beta 2 mu clearance was 0.60 to 33.3 mL/min. Values for both serum and urine correlated well with severity of allograft rejection.

Radioimmunoassay for immunologlobulin G in serum and urine.

1979 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 2015-2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Woo ◽  
M Floyd ◽  
M A Longley ◽  
D C Cannon
Keyword(s):  
Dose Response ◽  
Allograft Rejection ◽  
Response Curve ◽  
Renal Allograft ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Assay Sensitivity ◽  
Renal Allografts ◽  
Serum Igg ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Serum And Urine

Abstract We describe a radioimmunoassay for immunoglobulin G (IgG) in serum and urine. Aliquots of diluted samples and 125I-labeled IgG were incubated in antibody-coated tubes at 37 degrees C for 24 h, the supernates were decanted, and the radioactivity in tubes containing the bound fraction was counted. The dose-response curve in the range of 0.4--500 mg/L of urine or 640--40 000 mg/L of serum was linear on logit-log transformation and iterative weighted regression. Assay sensitivity was 10 ng of IgG. Validation studies included testing for precision, accuracy, antibody specificity, and parallelism of the dose-response curves for standard and unknown. In a study of 14 apparently normal individuals, serum IgG = 4.0-10.9 gL, urine IgG = 1.1-4.8 mg/24 h, and IgG clearance = 0.2 X 10(-4) to 4.8 X 10(-4) mL/min. In 20 patients with renal allografts, serum IgG = 15.8-66 g/L, urine IgG - 9.6-626 mg/24 h, and IgG clearance = 9 X 10(-4) to 1.99 X 10(-1) mL/min. IgG values correlated well with severity of renal allograft rejection.

Simultaneous measurement of total and IgA-conjugated alpha 1-microglobulin by a combined immunoenzyme/immunoradiometric assay technique.

1989 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 766-772 ◽  
Author(s):  
D D DeMars ◽  
J A Katzmann ◽  
T K Kimlinger ◽  
J D Calore ◽  
R P Tracy
Keyword(s):  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Immunoradiometric Assay ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Normal Mean ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Beta 2 ◽  
Beta 2 Microglobulin ◽  
Mean Concentration ◽  
Urine Specimens ◽  
Serum And Urine

Abstract alpha 1-Microglobulin (alpha 1m), a glycoprotein (Mr = 30,000) found in serum and urine, is also present in serum conjugated to monomeric IgA (alpha 1-m-IgA). We have developed a simultaneous enzyme-linked immunoenzyme/immunoradiometric assay that involves three different monoclonal antibodies. Assay of serial dilutions of serum and urine demonstrated parallelism. Normal mean concentrations in serum (n = 75) were: total alpha 1m, 2.33 mumol/L; alpha 1m-IgA, 1.24 mumol/L; unconjugated (free) alpha 1m, 1.09 mumol/L; molar ratio (alpha 1m-IgA/total alpha 1m), 0.53. The mean concentration of alpha 1m in eight urine specimens from normal individuals was 0.19 mumol/L, with no detectable alpha 1m-IgA. A low urinary pH does not significantly affect assay results, unlike assays of beta 2-microglobulin. In patients with myeloma-related renal disease, total and free alpha 1m values for serum correlated well with values for creatinine and beta 2-microglobulin in serum.

scholarly journals Clinical significance of beta-2-microglobulin, enzymes, cytokines in serum and urine in patients with chronic renal allograft dysfunction

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
A. Trailin ◽  
M. Pleten ◽  
A. Nikonenko ◽  
T. Ostapenko ◽  
N. Yefimenko
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Regression ◽  
Renal Allograft ◽  
Roc Curves ◽  
Urinary Concentration ◽  
Tubular Dysfunction ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Allograft Dysfunction ◽  
Beta 2 ◽  
Beta 2 Microglobulin ◽  
Serum And Urine

The most investigations of the biomarkers of renal allograft dysfunction (RAD) are limited by early post-operational period and are aimed at diagnosis of acute rejection of renal transplant. This work has aimed to establish additional characteristics of chronic RAD by using non-invasive biomarkers of the blood serum and urine.Materials and methods. 79 patients aged 16 to 59 years (47 men and 32 women) took part in our retrospective study. The alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamil transferase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG); interleukins (IL-2, IL-8, IL-10) and beta-2-microglobulin were evaluated.Results. Increased IL-10 and β2-MG serum concentration, and increased urinary concentration and activity of β2-MG, IL-2, IL-8, NAG, AP, AST, GGT were typical for chronic RAD. Only NAG was independently significantly associated with chronic RAD in multivariate regression. From the area under ROC-curves were derived, that β2-MG level in serum and urine, and the activity of NAG in urine had the excellent and good power to classify patients with satisfactory function and chronic RAD.Conclusions. The increase of β2-MG in serum and urine may indicate glomerular and tubular dysfunction, respectively. An increase of urinary NAG indicates the ongoing damage of the tubules. The increase of IL-2 and IL-8 in the urine and IL-10 in serum may indicate the etiology of chronic RAD.

Factor VII Clotting Assay: Influence of Different Thromboplastins and Factor VII-Deficient Plasmas

1991 ◽  
Vol 65 (02) ◽  
pp. 160-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Poggio ◽  
Armando Tripodi ◽  
Guglielmo Mariani ◽  
Pier Mannuccio Mannucci ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Response Curve ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
Factor Vii ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Assay Sensitivity ◽  
Clinical Laboratories ◽  
Coagulant Activity

SummaryBeing a putative predictor of ischemic heart disease, the measurement of factor VII (FVTI) coagulant activity will be presumably requested to clinical laboratories with increasing frequency. To assess the influence on FVII assays of different thromboplastins and FVII-deficient plasmas we compared performances of all possible combinations of 5 thromboplastins and 6 deficient plasmas. The reproducibility of the clotting times of the dose-response curves for human and rabbit thromboplastins were acceptable (CV lower than 7%), whereas bovine thromboplastin had a higher CV. Reproducibility was very similar for all deficient plasmas when they were used in combination with a given thromboplastin. Responsiveness of the dose-response curve did not depend on the deficient plasma but rather on the thromboplastin: one rabbit thromboplastin was the least responsive, the bovine thromboplastin the most responsive, the human and the remaining two rabbit thromboplastins had intermediate responsiveness. Assay sensitivity to cold-activated FVII varied according to the thromboplastin: the bovine thromboplastin was the most sensitive, the human thromboplastin the least sensitive, of the three rabbit thromboplastins two were relatively sensitive, one was almost insensitive. In conclusion, our results indicate that thromboplastin rather than deficient plasma is the crucial factor in the standardization of FVII assay.

Albumin and beta 2-microglobulin radioimmunoassays applied to monitoring of renal-allograft function and in differentiating glomerular and tubular diseases.

1981 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 709-713 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Woo ◽  
M Floyd ◽  
D C Cannon
Keyword(s):  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Renal Damage ◽  
Renal Allograft ◽  
Acute Allograft Rejection ◽  
Tubular Proteinuria ◽  
Group I ◽  
Allograft Function ◽  
Beta 2 ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Beta 2 Microglobulin

Abstract Blood and urine were samples daily from 11 renal-allograft recipients from one to six weeks after the transplant. Clearances of both albumin (Calb) and beta2-microglobulin (C beta 2 mu) were significantly increased in all 11 patients. Five patients (Group I) with acute allograft rejection showed markedly increased Calb and moderately increased C beta 2 mu, concurrent with decreased creatinine clearance (CCr). Five other patients (Group II) with no evidence of rejection demonstrated episodes of grossly increased C beta 2 mu with minimally increased but stable Calb and normal CCr. One patient had no evidence of rejection nor indications of glomerular or tubular proteinuria. While changes in serum beta 2-microglobulin concentration closely paralleled those of serum creatinine in the Group II patients, the results diverged in the Group I patients because the increase in serum beta 2-microglobulin exceeded that of serum creatinine and preceded the increased in creatinine by one to five days, suggesting that measurement of serum beta 2-microglobulin might afford earlier indication of the nature and extent of renal damage in the allograft recipients.

Radioimmunoassay for urinary albumin.

1978 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 1464-1467 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Woo ◽  
M Floyd ◽  
D C Cannon ◽  
B Kahan
Keyword(s):  
Rabbit Antiserum ◽  
Human Albumin ◽  
Urinary Albumin ◽  
Displacement Curve ◽  
Albumin Concentration ◽  
Antibody Technique ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Albumin Clearance ◽  
Renal Homograft ◽  
High Albumin

Abstract We describe a rapid, sensitive, and precise radioimmunoassay for urinary albumin (Ualb). Aliquots of diluted urine were incubated at room temperature for 1 h with 125I-labeled albumin and a rabbit antiserum monospecific for human albumin. Phase separation was effected by the double-antibody technique. The dose-response curve as linear in the range of 15.6-10000 ng, equivalent to 4 to 3000 mg/liter of urine. The limit of sensitivity was 16 ng of albumin. The coefficient of assay variation was 4.8%, both at 44 mg/liter and at 1304 mg/liter. A displacement curve obtained with a serially diluted urine sample of high albumin concentration was completely superimposable with the curve for which human albumin was used as a standard. In 26 normal individuals the range for Ualb was 2.2--12.6 mg/24h, and for albumin clearance (Calb, 1.8 x 10(-5)-19.6 x 10(-5) ml/min. After renal homografts in 25 patients, Ualb ranged from 16.9 to 9928 mg/24 h, and Calb from 2.7 x 10(-4) to 1.7 x 10(-1) ml/min. Both increased Ualb and Calb correlated well with the severity of renal homograft rejection.

scholarly journals Beta 2-microglobulin is selectively associated with H-2 and TL alloantigens on murine lymphoid cells.

1976 ◽  
Vol 144 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
E S Vitetta ◽  
M D Poulik ◽  
J Klein ◽  
J W Uhr
Keyword(s):  
Rabbit Antiserum ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Native Structure ◽  
Heavy Chains ◽  
Ia Antigens ◽  
Beta 2 ◽  
Beta 2 Microglobulin

We have used a rabbit antiserum prepared against purified rat beta2-microglobulin to immunoprecipitate molecules from lysates of radioiodinated murine thymocytes and splenocytes. All the molecules that are reactive with this serum have subunits of 44,000 and 12,000 and can be identified as H-2 and TL antigens. Thus, the anti-beta2mu serum can deplete lysates of the majority of the TL and H-2 atigens which can be subsequently recognized by alloantisera. If TL and H-2 are precipitated from the lysates before the addition of anti-beta2mu, no beta2mu-reactive molecules remain. Our results indicate that Ia antigens cannot be depleted from the lysates with anti-beta2mu. The studies also suggest that TL and H-2 heavy chains can exist as both monomers and dimers. These observations are discussed with regard to previous studies concerning the native structure of H-2 and TL antigens.

AN IMPROVED CHICK COMB ANDROGEN ASSAY

1963 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 389-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard J. Lerner ◽  
Albert Bianchi
Keyword(s):  
Dose Level ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Statistical Analyses ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Assay Sensitivity ◽  
End Point ◽  
Dose Response Curves

ABSTRACT A modification of an androgen assay employing chick comb growth as its end-point has been described. Reduction in the daily inunction volume of the androgen oil vehicle from 0.05 ml to 0.005 ml and its delivery to the comb with a microsyringe resulted in increased assay sensitivity and precision. Statistical analyses of testosterone dose response curves indicate that 6.2 and 6.6 times as much androgen is required when the larger vehicle volume is used to elicit identical comb growth response compared with that of the smaller volume. The index of precision (λ) for a four dose level assay was 0.336 for the larger volume and 0.190 for the smaller vehicle volume.

scholarly journals Measurement of .BETA.2-Microglobulin in Bovine Serum and Urine by Radioimmunoassay.

1996 ◽  
Vol 58 (7) ◽  
pp. 617-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iwao KUNUGIYAMA ◽  
Nobuhiko ITO ◽  
Youko TAKAGAKI ◽  
Souichi HAYASHI ◽  
Kenji SONE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Serum ◽  
Beta 2 ◽  
Beta 2 Microglobulin ◽  
Serum And Urine
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