Improved thin-layer chromatography of disaturated phosphatidylcholine in amniotic fluid.

1981 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Y Tsai ◽  
M Cain ◽  
M W Josephson
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Fetal Lung ◽  
Dipalmitoyl Phosphatidylcholine ◽  
Fetal Lung Maturity ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Lung Maturity

Abstract We describe an indirect test of fetal lung maturity: the quantitation of disaturated phosphatidylcholine in amniotic fluid. The lipids in samples of amniotic fluid from 172 patients were reacted with osmium tetroxide, and disaturated phosphatidylcholine was then isolated by thin-layer chromatography. Interfering substances were retained by a pre-adsorbent layer. The charred disaturated phosphatidylcholine, quantitated by densitometry, was compared to standard dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine. Both within-run and between-run coefficients of variation were about 10%. Blood and meconium do not interfere. Six infants developed respiratory distress when disaturated phosphatidylcholine concentrations of amniotic fluid drawn within 72 h of delivery were less than 5.5 mg/L. A concurrently determined lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio falsely predicted lung maturity in one of these. In seven other samples for which lecithin/sphingomyelin ratios suggested lung immaturity but disaturated phosphatidyl-choline predicted maturity, none of the infants developed respiratory distress. In normal pregnancies, measurement of disaturated phosphatidylcholine in amniotic fluid appears to be a better predictor of fetal lung maturity than is measurement of the lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio. Further studies are needed to determine if this analysis is a better predictor in diabetic pregnancies.

Radial "high-performance" thin-layer chromatography used to assess fetal lung maturity

1990 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 728-731 ◽  
Author(s):  
J R Mackenzie ◽  
M Truesdale
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Fetal Lung ◽  
Additional Method ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Hptlc Method ◽  
Lung Maturity

Abstract A radial "high-performance" thin-layer chromatographic (HPTLC) method is described by which the percentages and ratios of phosphatidylinositol, sphingomyelin, lecithin, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, and dimethyl phosphatidylethanolamine may be determined simultaneously. An additional method for radial HPTLC determination of saturated phosphatidylcholine is described. We report results of application of these methods to greater than 2000 specimens of amniotic fluid from both diabetic and nondiabetic cases.

Microviscosity of amniotic fluid phospholipids, and its importance in determining fetal lung maturity.

1979 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
T A Blumenfeld ◽  
H S Cheskin ◽  
M Shinitzky
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Lipid Bilayers ◽  
Apparent Viscosity ◽  
Fluorescence Polarization ◽  
Fetal Lung ◽  
Tracheal Aspirate ◽  
Fetal Lung Maturity ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Lung Maturity

Abstract Fluorescence polarization measurements of microviscosity (apparent viscosity within the hydrophobic center of lipid bilayers) of amniotic fluid correlate well with lecithin/sphingomyelin ratios determined by thin-layer chromatography. In addition to lecithin, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylinositol are important for determining fetal lung maturity, but the lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio gives no information concerning these other phospholipids. The microviscosity of sphingomyelin significantly exceeded that of lecithin over the temperature range 25--37 degrees C; values for phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, and phosphatidylserine were lower. Phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, and phosphatidylserine, added individually, significantly decreased the microviscosity of dispersions with lecithin/sphingomyelin ratios corresponding either to fetal lung immaturity or maturity. Phosphatidylglycerol caused the greatest decrease in both. Mixtures of the three phospholipids in the proportions found in term amniotic fluid decreased the microviscosity of fluids with either mature or immature lecithin/sphingomyelin ratios by 23--27%. When each was present in the proportion found in tracheal aspirate (twice that of term amniotic fluid), the decreases uere 46--50%. This technique quickly and precisely indicates not only fetal lung maturity but also the presence of important phospholipids other than lecithin and sphingomyelin.

Assay of disaturated phosphatidylcholine in amniotic fluid as a test of fetal lung maturity: experience with 2000 analyses.

1987 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
pp. 1648-1651 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Y Tsai ◽  
E K Shultz ◽  
P P Williams ◽  
R Bendel ◽  
J Butler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Fetal Lung ◽  
Fetal Lung Maturity ◽  
Pooled Samples ◽  
Lung Maturity ◽  
Diabetic Mothers ◽  
Length Of Gestation

Abstract We determined concentrations of disaturated phosphatidylcholine (DSPC) in nearly 2000 amniotic fluid samples obtained either transabdominally or as vaginal pools. Here we report our comparison of these DSPC values with the lecithin/sphingomyelin (L/S) ratios for amniotic fluid samples obtained from diabetic and nondiabetic pregnancies and also between transabdominally or vaginally collected samples uncontaminated by blood or meconium. DSPC measurement is at least as good as the L/S ratio in predicting the absence of respiratory distress syndrome. DSPC concentrations were, however, lower in diabetic than in nondiabetic pregnancies, supporting the hypothesis that DSPC synthesis may be impaired in fetuses of diabetic mothers. Visually uncontaminated samples collected transabdominally or vaginally, when grouped according to length of gestation, have similar DSPC values but different L/S ratios. Thus, even in the absence of blood or meconium, DSPC may be a more useful test than the L/S ratio for vaginally pooled samples.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of amniotic fluid lamellar body count and foam stability test as indices of fetal lung maturity

2010 ◽  
Vol 63 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 747-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jovana Visnjevac ◽  
Aleksandra Novakov-Mikic ◽  
Aleksandra Nikolic ◽  
Nemanja Visnjevac
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Lamellar Body ◽  
Fetal Lung ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristic Curves ◽  
Fetal Lung Maturity ◽  
Lung Maturity ◽  
Body Count

Introduction. Respiratory distress syndrome of the newborn caused by the fetal lung immaturity is a very serious clinical problem. Different tests of prenatal analysis of amniotic fluid, such as lamellar body count and Clements? test, are available for predicting the fetal lung maturity. Material and methods. A prospective clinical study was conducted on amniotic fluid samples from 2005 to 2006. The amniotic fluid samples were obtained at the gestational age of 30 to 42 weeks and collected by vaginal amniotomy, amniotomy during Caesarean section and 72 hours before the delivery by amniocentesis. A haematology analyzer (Nikon-Kohden?) was used to determine the lamellar body counts. Clements? test involved adding an equal volume of 96% ethanol to the multiple amniotic fluid volume (1:2, 1:4, 1:16, 1:32), followed by shaking and noting the presence of ring of bubbles. After the delivery, we compared the lamellar body count results and Clements? test and the outcome of pregnancies, primarily the development of respiratory distress syndrome. The most specific lamellar body cutoffs for maturity and immaturity were determined according to receiver operating characteristic curves. Results and Discussion. Out of 232 amniotic fluid samples which were tested, 112 samples were collected after vaginal amniotomy, 88 during the Caesarean delivery and 32 samples by amniocentesis. The overall incidence of respiratory distress syndrome was 14.6%. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to identify cutoff points for the test. We found that both tests are good screening tests for predicting the fetal lung maturity with the area under the curve of 0.782 in Clements? test and 0.751 in the lamellar body count. Clements? cutoff 2 with sensitivity of 67.6% and specificity of 72.2%, proved best in the prediction of the fetal lung maturity. The lamellar body count cutoff of 42x10?/?l had the sensitivity of 82.4% and specificity of 64.6% in predicting the fetal lung maturity. Conclusion. Although both tests are good in predicting the fetal lung maturity, the lamellar body count has more advantages, because it is not only more objective, but also inexpensive, easy and fast to do, requires a small sample volume and is universally available.

Improved fluorescence polarization assay for use in evaluating fetal lung maturity. III. Retrospective clinical evaluation and comparison with the lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio.

1986 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 260-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
E R Ashwood ◽  
J F Tait ◽  
C A Foerder ◽  
R W Franklin ◽  
T J Benedetti
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Fluorescence Polarization ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Clinical Performance ◽  
Fetal Lung ◽  
Fetal Lung Maturity ◽  
Fluorescence Polarization Assay ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Lung Maturity

Abstract We clinically evaluated, retrospectively, our improved fluorescence polarization assay for fetal lung maturity. The procedure requires 0.5 mL of amniotic fluid and a standard clinical laboratory fluorescence polarimeter (TDx Analyzer, Abbott Laboratories). We measured the L/S ratios for 93 freshly collected amniotic fluids, uncontaminated with blood or meconium, collected within three days of delivery. The fluids were stored frozen for eight to 32 months, then thawed and assayed for net fluorescence polarization. Fourteen of the infants developed respiratory distress syndrome; five, transient tachypnea of the newborn; and 74, no respiratory distress. The polarization assay and lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio had equivalent receiver operating characteristic curves, indicating no difference in their clinical performance. Although a prospective study with fresh amniotic fluid specimens will be necessary to establish a definitive reference range, the present study shows that this assay can be used to rapidly predict fetal lung maturity.

Prospective clinical evaluation of an improved fluorescence polarization assay for predicting fetal lung maturity.

1987 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 554-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
J F Talt ◽  
C A Foerder ◽  
E R Ashwood ◽  
T J Benedetti
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Clinical Evaluation ◽  
Fluorescence Polarization ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Fetal Lung ◽  
Clinical Severity ◽  
Fetal Lung Maturity ◽  
Fluorescence Polarization Assay ◽  
Lung Maturity

Abstract We performed a prospective clinical evaluation of our newly developed fluorescence polarization procedure to predict fetal lung maturity (Clin Chem 1986;32:248-54). Net fluorescence polarization was measured at 34 degrees C after a 6.5-min incubation of amniotic fluid with fluorophore. For the 26 cases of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome encountered in 196 deliveries, the net polarization exceeded 0.287 for 22 (85%) of these, and exceeded 0.260 for all 26. The specificity of the polarization assay equaled or exceeded the specificity of the lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio for all sensitivities greater than 70%. Neither assay was a good predictor of the clinical severity of respiratory distress. For a separate group of 21 amniotic fluid specimens clinically contaminated with blood or meconium, the discriminatory power of the polarization assay was decreased, but six of seven respiratory-distress cases still had polarization values greater than 0.260. We conclude that this fluorescence polarization assay is a better overall predictor of fetal lung maturity than is the lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio, and that polarization values less than 0.260 are associated with little risk of respiratory distress.

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