Profile of creatine kinase isoenzymes in skeletal muscles of marathon runners.

1984 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 413-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
F S Apple ◽  
M A Rogers ◽  
W M Sherman ◽  
D L Costill ◽  
F C Hagerman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Gastrocnemius Muscle ◽  
Distance Runners ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Marathon Runners ◽  
Isoenzyme Composition ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Muscle Biopsies

Abstract The proportion of creatine kinase (CK; EC 2.7.3.2) isoenzyme MB activity was increased in skeletal muscle biopsies obtained from five long-distance runners, both 2 h before (mean 7.7%, SD 2.4%) and 30 min after (mean 7.2%, SD 1.2%) a marathon race, as compared with that in biopsies from five nonrunners (controls less than or equal to 1.0%). Further, mitochondrial CK and CK-BB isoenzymes were present in homogenates of the runners' skeletal muscle samples but not in those of the nonrunners. However, there were no substantial differences in the mean total CK activities per gram (wet wt.) of muscle tissue among premarathon samples, postmarathon samples, and nonrunners' samples (3148, 3365, and 3049 U/g, respectively). We conclude that the metabolically active gastrocnemius muscle of long-distance runners is qualitatively similar to the heart muscle in its CK isoenzyme composition.

Creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme adaptations in stressed human skeletal muscle of marathon runners

1985 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. S. Apple ◽  
M. A. Rogers ◽  
D. C. Casal ◽  
W. M. Sherman ◽  
J. L. Ivy
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Gastrocnemius Muscle ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Marathon Runners ◽  
Creatine Kinase Mb ◽  
Isoenzyme Composition ◽  
Muscle Biopsies

The creatine kinase (CK) isoenzyme composition was determined in serial gastrocnemius muscle biopsies obtained from 12 male marathon runners. The mean muscle CK-MB composition significantly increased after chronic exercise (training) from 5.3% (pretraining) to 7.7% (premarathon) as well as after acute exercise (postmarathon) to 10.5% of the total CK activity (P less than 0.05). However, no significant differences in total CK activities were detected. Additionally, mitochondrial CK and CK-BB isoenzymes were present in muscle homogenates. A significant correlation was observed in the increase in mean serum total CK (3,322 U/l) and CK-MB (174 U/l) activities 24 h after the race (r = 0.98, P less than 0.05). These results show that gastrocnemius muscle adapts to long-distance training and racing with increased CK-MB activities and imply that skeletal muscle is the major source of elevated serum CK-MB activities in marathon runners.

Creatine kinase isoenzyme MM variants in skeletal muscle and plasma from marathon runners.

1986 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
F S Apple ◽  
M A Rogers ◽  
J L Ivy
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Strenuous Exercise ◽  
Variant Form ◽  
Distance Runners ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Marathon Runners ◽  
Creatine Kinase Isoenzyme ◽  
Before And After

Abstract We investigated the patterns of variants of creatine kinase isoenzyme MM (CK-MM) in gastrocnemius muscle and plasma sampled from male and female long-distance runners before and after a marathon race. The proportions of CK-MM variants MM1 (pI 6.90) and MM2 (pI 6.62), identified in the skeletal muscle from both sexes, did not differ significantly from those in skeletal muscle from nonrunning controls or from heart muscle. CK-MM1 was the major (84-85% of total CK-MM) variant form. Patterns of CK-MM in plasma collected from male runners 24, 48, 72, and 96 h after the race were similar to those for female runners, but we detected two new additional variants, which we designate MM1B (pI 6.76) and MM2B (pI 6.49). For both sexes the total CK-MM activities in plasma were significantly (p less than 0.05) greater after the race, but the women's total CK-MM activities were significantly (p less than 0.05) less than the men's. The rates of disappearance of MM1, MM2, and MM3 from plasma after the race differed significantly (p less than 0.05) between men and women, MM1 clearing the fastest. Determination of the CK-MM variants in plasma after strenuous exercise may be of help in assessing CK release from injured skeletal muscle.

Mitochondrial creatine kinase activity alterations in skeletal muscle during long-distance running

1986 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 482-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. S. Apple ◽  
M. A. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Intracellular Transport ◽  
Gastrocnemius Muscle ◽  
Creatine Kinase Activity ◽  
Percentage Increase ◽  
Distance Running ◽  
Mitochondrial Creatine Kinase ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Long Distance Running

In human gastrocnemius muscle obtained from long-distance runners, mitochondrial creatine kinase (CK) activities were significantly greater than nonrunning control skeletal muscle and significantly increased during training for and after a marathon race. Thus skeletal muscle tended to become similar to heart muscle in its mitochondrial CK composition. Total muscle CK activity was significantly different in males and females, was unaffected by marathon training and racing, and was similar to gastrocnemius muscle obtained from nonrunning controls. There was an inverse correlation between the maximum O2 uptake and the percentage increase in mitochondrial CK activity after training. These studies suggest that mitochondrial CK may play a key role in the intracellular transport of energy from mitochondrial to myofibrils in skeletal muscle during endurance exercise such as long-distance running.

scholarly journals Stress Fracture Influences Bone Resorption marker (u-NTX) in Female Long Distance Runners

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (14) ◽  
pp. 1070-1075 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shimpei Fujita ◽  
Keishoku Sakuraba ◽  
Atsushi Kubota ◽  
Kenta Wakamatsu ◽  
Natsue Koikawa
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Stress Fracture ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Bone Resorption Marker ◽  
Distance Runners ◽  
Survey Period ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Bone Resorption Markers ◽  
The Mean

AbstractIn this study, we aim to clarify the influence based on bone resorption markers at onset of stress fracture. Also, we will clarify the state of the bone resorption markers of female long distance runners who have a history of stress fracture and also ones who routinely practices running long distances. Participants comprised 19 female long distance athletes. The survey period was 2011–2014, and we measured u-NTX as a bone resorption marker at least twice a year, taking the mean±SD of the periodic measured values without stress fracture as the mean value. Measurements were collected sample when stress fractures developed. 132 u-NTX measurements were taken from 19 participants. As a result, the average was 41.03±12.31 nmolBCE/mmolCRE (Q1: 33.15, Q2: 40.55, Q3: 47.95). In six of the 19 participants, u-NTX could be measured following a stress fracture. The mean value of u-NTX for those participants was 40.16±9.10 nmolBCE/mmolCRE, increasing to 64.08±16.07 nmolBCE/mmol CRE with the stress fracture (p<0.01). The findings showed that, in adult female long distance runners, u-NTX values when there was no stress fracture were within the standard value for mean premenopausal women, but increased when the athletes suffered from a stress fracture.

Structural and functional remodeling of skeletal muscle microvasculature is induced by simulated microgravity

2000 ◽  
Vol 278 (6) ◽  
pp. H1866-H1873 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael D. Delp ◽  
Patrick N. Colleran ◽  
M. Keith Wilkerson ◽  
Matthew R. McCurdy ◽  
Judy Muller-Delp
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Soleus Muscle ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Gastrocnemius Muscle ◽  
Fluid Pressure ◽  
Hindlimb Unloading ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Luminal Diameter ◽  
Structural Remodeling

Hindlimb unloading of rats results in a diminished ability of skeletal muscle arterioles to constrict in vitro and elevate vascular resistance in vivo. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether alterations in the mechanical environment (i.e., reduced fluid pressure and blood flow) of the vasculature in hindlimb skeletal muscles from 2-wk hindlimb-unloaded (HU) rats induces a structural remodeling of arterial microvessels that may account for these observations. Transverse cross sections were used to determine media cross-sectional area (CSA), wall thickness, outer perimeter, number of media nuclei, and vessel luminal diameter of feed arteries and first-order (1A) arterioles from soleus and the superficial portion of gastrocnemius muscles. Endothelium-dependent dilation (ACh) was also determined. Media CSA of resistance arteries was diminished by hindlimb unloading as a result of decreased media thickness (gastrocnemius muscle) or reduced vessel diameter (soleus muscle). ACh-induced dilation was diminished by 2 wk of hindlimb unloading in soleus 1A arterioles, but not in gastrocnemius 1A arterioles. These results indicate that structural remodeling and functional adaptations of the arterial microvasculature occur in skeletal muscles of the HU rat; the data suggest that these alterations may be induced by reductions in transmural pressure (gastrocnemius muscle) and wall shear stress (soleus muscle).

Differentiating muscle damage from myocardial injury by means of the serum creatine kinase (CK) isoenzyme MB mass measurement/total CK activity ratio.

1986 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
M el Allaf ◽  
J P Chapelle ◽  
D el Allaf ◽  
A Adam ◽  
M E Faymonville ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Myocardial Injury ◽  
Mass Measurement ◽  
Myocardial Necrosis ◽  
Burn Patients ◽  
Muscular Injury ◽  
Myocardial Involvement ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Muscular Damage

Abstract We immunoenzymometrically measured creatine kinase (CK) isoenzyme MB in extracts of myocardium and in homogenates of five different skeletal muscles. CK-MB concentrations in the former averaged 80.9 micrograms/g wet tissue; in the skeletal muscles it varied widely, being (e.g.) 25-fold greater in diaphragm than in psoas. CK-MB in skeletal muscles ranged from 0.9 to 44 ng/U of total CK; the mean for myocardium was 202 ng/U. In sera from 10 trauma and 36 burn patients without myocardial involvement, maximum ratios for CK-MB mass/total CK activity averaged 7 (SEM 1) ng/U and 18 (SEM 6) ng/U, respectively. Except for an infant (220 ng/U), the highest ratio we found for serum after muscular damage was 38 ng/U. In contrast, the mean maximum ratio determined in 23 cases of acute myocardial infarction exceeded 200 ng/U. Among seven determinations performed 8 to 32 h after onset of symptoms, each infarct patient demonstrated at least one ratio greater than or equal to 110 ng/U. Ratios observed after infarct were unrelated to treatment received during the acute phase. We propose a CK-MB/total CK ratio of 80 ng/U as the cutoff value for differentiating myocardial necrosis from muscular injury.

scholarly journals Relationship between skeletal muscle fiber properties and O_2 debt capacity in long-distance runners

1991 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-183
Author(s):  
Ryoichi Mitsuzono ◽  
Shigeru Katsuta ◽  
Yoji Kanao ◽  
Hirofumi Miyata ◽  
Kazunori Asaba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Fiber ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Fiber ◽  
Distance Runners ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Fiber Properties ◽  
Debt Capacity

Capillary supply of skeletal muscles from acclimatized white-footed mice Peromyscus

1981 ◽  
Vol 241 (5) ◽  
pp. R357-R361
Author(s):  
S. J. Wickler
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Heat Production ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Capillary Density ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Fiber Area ◽  
Hindlimb Muscles ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Thermogenic Capacity ◽  
Muscle Capillaries

Winter-acclimatized white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus) can increase their aerobic heat production under cold stress by 70%. The possibility that changes in microvascular supply might account, in part, for some of this increased thermogenic capacity was examined in one of the primary thermogenic tissues, skeletal muscle. Capillaries were stained histochemically in four hindlimb muscles of freshly captured Peromyscus in summer and winter. Capillary density, mean fiber area, and mean capillaries in contact per muscle fiber were obtained from the soleus, plantaris, gastrocnemius, and semitendinosus. If results from all individual muscles are combined, mean fiber area is significantly smaller (8%) and mean capillary density is significantly greater (40%) in winter muscles. The mean number of capillaries in contact is not different, but the mean ratio of capillaries in contact per mean fiber area (index of potential perfusion) is significantly greater (25%) in winter muscles.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document