Direct Determination of Cadmium and Lead in Whole Blood by Potentiometric Stripping Analysis

1992 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 1995-2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Ostapczuk
Keyword(s):  
Detection Limit ◽  
Blood Sample ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Deposition Time ◽  
Supporting Electrolyte ◽  
Direct Determination ◽  
Stripping Analysis ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Potentiometric Stripping Analysis

Abstract The commercially available equipment for potentiometric stripping analysis (PSA) was tested for routine lead and cadmium determination in whole-blood samples. In contrast to anodic stripping voltammetry, PSA is not subject to background interferences from organic electroactive constituents in the sample or to the presence of dissolved oxygen (i.e., oxygen removal is not necessary). To determine lead and cadmium by PSA, it is sufficient to dilute the blood sample with an appropriate supporting electrolyte (0.5 mol/L HCl). The detection limit changes with deposition time and volume of blood sample used. For 1 mL of blood and a 1-min deposition time, the detection limit is 1 microgram/L for both elements. If the deposition time increases to 10 min, cadmium can be determined at its normal concentration in blood (the detection limit is improved to < 0.1 microgram/L). Procedures for routine determination of lead and cadmium in whole blood are presented.

scholarly journals Potentiometric stripping analysis of lead and cadmium leaching from dental prosthetic materials and teeth

2004 ◽  
Vol 69 (7) ◽  
pp. 575-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruzica Nikolic ◽  
Biljana Kalicanin ◽  
Goran Nikolic
Keyword(s):  
Dental Implants ◽  
Good Method ◽  
Lead Content ◽  
Cadmium Content ◽  
Stripping Analysis ◽  
Prosthetic Materials ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Potentiometric Stripping Analysis ◽  
The Individual

Potentiometric stipping analysis (PSA) was applied for the determination of lead and cadmium leaching from dental prosthetic materials and teeth. The soluble lead content in finished dental implants was found to be much lower than that of the individual components used for their preparation. Cadmiumwas not detected in dental implants and materials under the defined conditions. The soluble lead and cadmium content of teeth was slightly lower than the lead and cadmium content in whole teeth (w/w) reported by other researchers except in the case of a tooth with removed amalgam filling. The results of this work suggest that PSA may be a good method for lead and cadmium leaching studies for investigation of the biocompatibility of dental prosthetic materials.

Direct Determination of Copper in Biodiesel Using Stripping Analysis

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (16) ◽  
pp. 1846-1850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo S. Almeida ◽  
Marina A. N. A. Monteiro ◽  
Rodrigo H. O. Montes ◽  
Rafael Mosquetta ◽  
Nívia M. M. Coelho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Direct Determination ◽  
Stripping Analysis ◽  
Determination Of Copper

Interference by Tin in AOAC Dry-Ash Voltammetric Method for Determination of Lead and Cadmium in Canned Foods

1988 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 857-859
Author(s):  
Walter Holak ◽  
John J Specchio
Keyword(s):  
Tartaric Acid ◽  
False Positive ◽  
Supporting Electrolyte ◽  
Canned Food ◽  
Voltammetric Method ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Anodic Stripping ◽  
Canned Foods ◽  
Positive Results

Abstract When lead and cadmium were determined in samples of canned food by the AOAC anodic stripping voltammetric method, an interference was observed which was believed to be tin(IV). This interference could cause false positive results for lead and cadmium. The electroactivity of tin(IV) was suppressed by increasing the concentration of tartaric acid in the supporting electrolyte from 0.005M to 0.1M after mixing with an equal volume of sample solution.

scholarly journals Studies on Agranulocytosis. III. The Reduced Glutathione (GSH) Content of Leukocytes of Normals and Patients Recovered from Agranulocytosis

Blood ◽  
1960 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 1572-1578 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANTHONY V. PISCIOTTA ◽  
MARY DALY
Keyword(s):  
Whole Blood ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Mental Disease ◽  
Complete Solution ◽  
Direct Determination

Abstract 1. A method for the direct determination of GSH in leukocytes is described. Treatment with alkali (0.5 M. NaOH) effects complete solution of the white cells and after deproteinization (5 per cent HPO3), the GSH is determined by the sensitive "alloxan 305" procedure. Control studies showed that under the conditions of the test, GSH is not affected by the alkali and no splitting of soluble minus SH from protein occurs. 2. Using this method, the amount of reduced glutathione content of normal leukocytes was found to be 5.2 ± 1 mg, per 1010 WBC. 3. No differences from normal levels were detected for the leukocytic GSH of patients with mental disease and those susceptible to agranulocytosis. Incubation of whole blood with the drug which caused agranulocytosis had no effect upon the GSH content of leukocytes.

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