Fast lipoprotein chromatography: new method of analysis for plasma lipoproteins

1993 ◽  
Vol 39 (11) ◽  
pp. 2276-2281 ◽  
Author(s):  
W März ◽  
R Siekmeier ◽  
H Scharnagl ◽  
U B Seiffert ◽  
W Gross
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Plasma Lipoproteins ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Vldl Cholesterol ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Fast Flow

Abstract Fast lipoprotein chromatography (FLPC) is a novel method for quantifying lipoproteins. Plasma proteins are separated by fast-flow gel filtration. Lipoproteins are detected by post-column derivatization with an enzymatic cholesterol reagent. FLPC resolves very-low-, low-, and high-density lipoproteins (VLDL, LDL, and HDL, respectively) and completely separates apolipoprotein Al- and apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins. CVs for VLDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and HDL-cholesterol are 5.8%, 2.0%, and 1.9%, respectively. We compared FLPC with a combined ultracentrifugation and precipitation method and obtained correlation of r = 0.979, 0.978, and 0.933 for VLDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and HDL-cholesterol, respectively. Triglyceride concentrations up to 9.00 g/L did not interfere with the quantification of lipoproteins by FLPC. We conclude that FLPC is a precise and reliable method for the analysis of plasma lipoproteins that complements conventional techniques.

The Effects of L-Carnitine Supplementation on Serum Lipids: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (30) ◽  
pp. 3266-3281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadis Fathizadeh ◽  
Alireza Milajerdi ◽  
Željko Reiner ◽  
Fariba Kolahdooz ◽  
Maryam Chamani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Lipids ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Carnitine Supplementation ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Vldl Cholesterol ◽  
Subgroup Analyses

Background: The findings of trials investigating the effects of L-carnitine administration on serum lipids are inconsistent. This meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was performed to summarize the effects of L-carnitine intake on serum lipids in patients and healthy individuals. Methods: Two authors independently searched electronic databases including MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PubMed and Google Scholar from 1990 until August 1, 2019, in order to find relevant RCTs. The quality of selected RCTs was evaluated using the Cochrane Collaboration risk of bias tool. Cochrane’s Q test and I-square (I2) statistic were used to determine the heterogeneity across included trials. Weight mean difference (SMD) and 95% CI between the two intervention groups were used to determine pooled effect sizes. Subgroup analyses were performed to evaluate the source of heterogeneity based on suspected variables such as, participant’s health conditions, age, dosage of L-carnitine, duration of study, sample size, and study location between primary RCTs. Results: Out of 3460 potential papers selected based on keywords search, 67 studies met the inclusion criteria and were eligible for the meta-analysis. The pooled results indicated that L-carnitine administration led to a significant decrease in triglycerides (WMD: -10.35; 95% CI: -16.43, -4.27), total cholesterol (WMD: -9.47; 95% CI: - 13.23, -5.70) and LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations (WMD: -6.25; 95% CI: -9.30, -3.21), and a significant increase in HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels (WMD: 1.39; 95% CI: 0.21, 2.57). L-carnitine supplementation did not influence VLDL-cholesterol concentrations. When we stratified studies for the predefined factors such as dosage, and age, no significant effects of the intervention on triglycerides, LDL-C, and HDL-C levels were found. Conclusion: This meta-analysis demonstrated that L-carnitine administration significantly reduced triglycerides, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol levels, and significantly increased HDL-cholesterol levels in the pooled analyses, but did not affect VLDL-cholesterol levels; however, these findings were not confirmed in our subgroup analyses by participant’s health conditions, age, dosage of L-carnitine, duration of study, sample size, and study location.

Intraindividual Comparison of two Extracorporeal LDL Apheresis Methods: Lipidfiltration and HELP

2002 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 1180-1188 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Julius ◽  
W. Metzler ◽  
J. Pietzsch ◽  
T. Faßbender ◽  
R. Klingel
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Volume ◽  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Plasma Heating ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Ldl Apheresis ◽  
Effective Treatment Option ◽  
Plasma Therapy

Low density lipoprotein (LDL) apheresis is an effective treatment option for patients with severe hypercholesterolemia not adequately responding to diet and drug therapy. Membrane differential filtration (MDF), synonymous with double filtration plasmapheresis (DFPP), here named Lipidfiltration, and heparin-induced extracorporeal LDL-precipitation (HELP) are two of the five methods available for extracorporeal LDL apheresis. In this prospective investigation 6 patients with severe LDL-hypercholesterolemia and CAD were treated in a cross-over design with Lipidfiltration at two stages of technical development and HELP to compare the efficacy of these two LDL apheresis methods with respect to lowering and modifying plasma lipids and rheologically relevant plasma proteins, especially fibrinogen. In total, 44 LDL apheresis sessions were investigated. In weekly intervals, patients were treated with consecutive LDL apheresis sessions with either Lipidfiltration and HELP, treating identical plasma volumes. In one part of the investigation Lipidfiltration was performed with the novel Lipidfilter EC-50, combined with a newly developed blood and plasma therapy machine allowing optimized plasma heating. The results showed that the reduction rates of LDL-cholesterol, lipoprotein(a) and triglycerides were essentially identical for both methods. Also pretreatment levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol were not significantly different in both treatment groups. Both methods lead to a significant reduction of serum lipoproteins, especially for LDL-cholesterol, which was decreased by 61.4% with Lipidfiltration (treated plasma volume: 2998 ml) and 61.3% with HELP (treated plasma volume: 3013 ml). With respect to Lipidfiltration LDL-cholesterol reduction was more efficient with the novel Lipidfilter EC-50. Mean pretreatment HDL cholesterol concentrations remained unchanged. Comparing Cascadeflo AC-1770 with the novel Lipidfilter EC-50 reduction rates of HDL-cholesterol (17.4% versus 6.4%) and total protein (17.9% versus 7.8%) were significantly reduced. Lipidfiltration and HELP both resulted in a reduction of plasma viscosity and hemorheologically relevant plasma proteins, like fibrinogen.

scholarly journals Is there a relationship between lipids metabolism and splenic surgeries?

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 751-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Ronaldo Alberti ◽  
Denny Fabrício Magalhães Veloso ◽  
Leonardo de Souza Vasconcellos ◽  
Andy Petroianu
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Sham Operation ◽  
Spleen Tissue ◽  
Sham Operation Group ◽  
Vldl Cholesterol ◽  
Lipids Metabolism ◽  
Total Splenectomy ◽  
Cholesterol Fraction

PURPOSE: To assess the influence of spleen surgeries (splenectomy, presence of spleen and after conservative surgeries) on lipids metabolism. METHODS: Fifty female Wistar rats of similar weight and age were divided into five groups submitted to the following procedures: Group 1 - control, with an intact spleen; Group 2 - sham operation, Group 3 - total splenectomy; Group 4 - subtotal splenectomy, and Group 5 - total splenectomy complemented with autogenous spleen tissue implants. Four months after the interventions, serum triglycerides, total cholesterol and fractions (VLDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol) were determined. The results for the four groups were compared by analysis of variance followed by the Tukey-Kramer test, with the level of significance set at p<0.05. RESULTS: There were no differences between groups 1, 2, 4 and 5. In the animals submitted to total splenectomy, total cholesterol (p=0.0151) and LDL-cholesterol fraction concentrations (p<0.0001) were higher, whereas HDL-cholesterol fraction concentrations were lower (p=0.0026) than those detected in the other groups. There was no difference in triglycerides (p=0.1571) or VLDL-cholesterol (p=0.2527) between groups. CONCLUSION: Splenectomy is related to changes in the lipid metabolism that are reverted by autogenous spleen tissue implants.

scholarly journals TÁC DỤNG ĐIỀU CHỈNH RỐI LOẠN LIPID MÁU CỦA VIÊN NANG LINH QUẾ TRUẬT CAM – NHỊ TRẦN THANG GIA VỊ TRÊN CHUỘT CỐNG TRẮNG

2021 ◽  
Vol 502 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tôn Mạnh Cường ◽  
Trương Việt Bình ◽  
Nguyễn Tuấn Bình ◽  
Nguyễn Thanh Hà Tuấn
Keyword(s):  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Vldl Cholesterol

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá tác dụng điều chỉnh rối loạn lipid máu của viên nang Linh quế truật cam thang - Nhị trần thang gia giảm (LQTCT-NTT) trên chuột cống trắng rối loạn lipid máu ngoại sinh. Phương pháp: Chuột cống trắng được gây rối loạn lipid máu bằng cách cho uống hỗn hợp dầu cholesterol, sau đó 2 giờ được cho uống thuốc nghiên cứu, liên tục trong 28 ngày. Đánh giá các chỉ số lipid máu, hình ảnh đại thể, vi thể gan chuột. Kết quả: LQTCT-NTT liều 0,28g/kg/ngày và 0,56g/kg/ngày làm giảm các chỉ số lipid máu gồm Triglyceride, cholesterol TP, LDL- Cholesterol, VLDL- Cholesterol; giảm chỉ số Atherogenic; tăng HDL-Cholesterol máu; giảm mỡ bụng, giảm tình trạng nhiễm mỡ gan. Các tác dụng này của LQTCT-NTT tương đương với Atorvastatin liều 10mg/kg/ngày. Kết luận: Viên nang LQTCT-NTT có tác dụng tốt trong điều chỉnh rối loạn lipid máu ngoại sinh trên chuột cống trắng.

Hepatic and intestinal contribution of two forms of apolipoprotein B to plasma lipoprotein fractions in the rat

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (8) ◽  
pp. 693-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles E. Sparks ◽  
Oleh Hnatiuk ◽  
Julian B. Marsh
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Apolipoprotein B ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Molecular Size ◽  
Plasma Lipoproteins ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Apo B ◽  
Triglyceride Rich Lipoprotein

The in vivo incorporation of labeled amino acids into two forms of apolipoprotein B of nascent hepatic, nascent intestinal, and plasma lipoproteins was studied. Using SDS–gel filtration column chromatography rat apolipoprotein B was separated into two proteins of higher (apo Bh) and of lower (apo B1) molecular size and the incorporation of label into each was measured. When livers isolated from fed rats were perfused with 3H-labeled amino acids, radioactivity was incorporated into both forms of apo B of the d < 1.060 fractions (very low (VLDL), intermediate (IDL), and low (LDL) density lipoproteins) with a labeling ratio of apo B1 to apo Bh of 0.8. When mesenteric lymph was collected from corn oil fed rats intraduodenally injected with 3H-labeled amino acids, radioactivity was mainly incorporated into apo B1 of chylomicrons and VLDL with apo B1 to apo Bh, labeling ratios of 14 and 44, respectively. Plasma was isolated 2 h after intraperitoneal injection of 3H-labeled amino acids into chow fed rats and lipoproteins were isolated by sequential density ultracentrifugation. The labeling ratio of apo B1 and apo Bh decreased from 4.2 in VLDL to 0.5 in LDL indicating a progressive enrichment of apo Bh in the LDL fraction. High density lipoproteins (HDL) contained less than 4% of the total labeled apo B and was enriched in apo B1. The results of this study indicate that the liver synthesizes both forms of apo B while the intestine synthesizes almost entirely apo B1. Since both apo B proteins are secreted primarily by the liver into VLDL, the results are consistent with preferential removal of apo B1 during triglyceride-rich lipoprotein catabolism and entry of hepatically derived apo Bh into LDL.

scholarly journals The contribution of paraoxonase 1 and myeloperoxidase to HDL-cholesterol functionality

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marzena Malara ◽  
Anna Kęska ◽  
Grażyna Lutosławska
Keyword(s):  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Protective Action ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Plasma Lipoproteins ◽  
Paraoxonase 1 ◽  
Increased Risk

SummaryThe purpose of this study was to analyse the scientific evidence concerning the effects of two enzymes – paraoxonase 1 and myeloperoxidase – on the functions of HDL-cholesterol. It is well documented that disturbed circulating lipoproteins (a high total and high LDL-cholesterol, and low HDL-cholesterol) bring about atherosclerosis and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) which is recognised as the main cause of death all around the world. In consequence, numerous studies have focused on procedures which will improve the plasma lipoproteins profile by decreasing the total cholesterol and the LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) and increasing the HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C). However, the anti-atherogenic role of HDL-C has been challenged in studies showing that genetically elevated HDL-cholesterol does not offer protection against CVD. Moreover, it has been found that raising the circulating HDL-cholesterol fails to reduce atherosclerosis. The doubts concerning the protective role of HDL-C have been supported by in vitro studies which indicate that the HDL-C from patients with atherosclerosis does not have a protective action, but does stimulate inflammation and free radical synthesis. The above data suggests that HDL-C, commonly recognised as protective against atherosclerosis, in some circumstances becomes pro-atherogenic, and is thus dysfunctional. Our review focuses on two enzymes – paraoxonase 1 (PON1) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) – which markedly affect the properties of HDL-C and contribute to its anti – or pro-atherogenic activity. Moreover, the effects of the diet and physical activity on PON1 and MPO are summarised with respect to the HDL-C functionality.

Lipid-lowering drugs

ESC CardioMed ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 204-209
Author(s):  
Cesare R. Sirtori ◽  
Massimiliano Ruscica
Keyword(s):  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Transfer Protein ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Low Hdl ◽  
Coronary Events ◽  
Systemic Agents

Hyperlipidaemias, multifactorial conditions partly genetically and partly life habit induced, are the most important underlying risk factors for cardiovascular disease. They can lead to arterial lipid deposition with a consequent increased risk of coronary events. The primary effort in hypolipidaemic drug therapy is focused on the lowering of the primary carriers of cholesterol, the low-density lipoproteins (LDLs), but more recent efforts have been placed on the lowering of triglycerides. Reduced levels of the protective high-density lipoproteins (HDLs) are generally considered a primary risk factor, ‘dysfunctional’ HDL may probably be a more important factor. Among drugs primarily reducing LDL cholesterol the most important systemic agents are statins. Non-systemic agents, such as resins, have a lesser use, whereas ezetimibe is frequently given in combination with statins. A new series of systemic compounds, the inhibitors of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), recently available, have a higher activity on LDL cholesterol. Drugs indicated for the treatment of the homozygous forms of hypercholesterolaemia are lomitapide, an inhibitor of the microsomal transfer protein, and the antisense nucleotide mipomersen, designed to inhibit synthesis of apolipoprotein B. Treatment of hypertriglyceridaemias mainly relies on fibrates, activating the peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptor-α‎. They treat particularly the atherogenic dyslipidaemias (elevated triglycerides with low HDL cholesterol). Nicotinic acid is less frequently used and the omega-3 fatty acids have an as yet unclear cardiovascular protective activity.

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