Salting-Out of Serum Proteins after the Addition of Known Protein Fractions

1958 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Pagliardi ◽  
A Vitelli ◽  
G Gaidano
Keyword(s):  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Protein Fractions ◽  
Salting Out

Abstract Salting-out of sera to which known protein fractions had been added was performed, and parallel determinations were performed on the unaltered serum in every case. Two types of phenomena were observed: the added fraction apparently always precipitates in its characteristic range, and the addition of proteins sometimes did not modify the precipitation of the serum proteins, but in other cases determined important changes of the precipitation diagram. The study of these changes proved the occurrence of processes of interaction between the various protein fractions of the sera.

CHILDHOOD TUBERCULOSIS: CLINICAL VALUE OF THE ELECTROPHORETIC PATTERN OF THE SERUM PROTEINS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1961 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-67
Author(s):  
Rosa Lee Nemir ◽  
Charlotte Marker Zitrin ◽  
Paraskevi Tsouros ◽  
Enriqueta Melly
Keyword(s):  
Serum Protein ◽  
Tuberculous Meningitis ◽  
Gamma Globulin ◽  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Electrophoretic Pattern ◽  
Miliary Tuberculosis ◽  
Protein Fractions ◽  
Reciprocal Relation ◽  
Tuberculous Infection ◽  
Tuberculous Disease

The blood serum protein fractions of 138 children with tuberculosis were analyzed by paper electrophoresis serially over a period of many months. Many manifestations of tuberculous infection were studied. The group was divided into 11 categories ranging from healed or arrested tuberculous disease to various stages of activity. The serum protein fractions were evaluated in terms of prognosis, type of tuberculous disease, effect of intercurrent infection and age of patient. It was found that the greatest changes occurred in the gamma-globulin and albumin fractions in reciprocal relation. With the exception of tuberculous meningitis, the increase in gamma-globulin usually corresponded to the severity of disease. Albumin was correspondingly decreased, and was low even in tuberculous meningitis. Both fractions approached normal levels as the patients improved. Relatively normal readings were found in patients with tuberculosis observation or arrested tuberculosis. The greatest deviation from normal was seen in patients with miliary tuberculosis and those with pleurisy with effusion. Here, the gamma and alpha2-globulins were very high and the serum albumin was low. The alpha2 fraction was elevated in the children with more severe disease, including tuberculous meningitis; with clinical improvement it returned to normal more rapidly than the gamma. A rise in the beta-globulin fraction suggests caseation. Confirmatory evidence was obtained in patients with endobronchial disease, tuberculous adenitis and from the only necropsy in the series. The significant changes in the various fractions are further described and discussed.

Detection of protein binding abnormalities in euthyroid hyperthyroxinemia.

1988 ◽  
Vol 34 (9) ◽  
pp. 1745-1748 ◽  
Author(s):  
P M George ◽  
J M Sheat ◽  
B N Palmer
Keyword(s):  
Protein Binding ◽  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Protein Fractions ◽  
Agarose Gel ◽  
Euthyroid Hyperthyroxinemia

Abstract This is a procedure for rapidly identifying the three common abnormalities in binding of thyroxin by protein. After incubation with [125I]thyroxin, serum proteins are separated by electrophoresis on agarose gel and binding of thyroxin to the various protein fractions is determined after autoradiography. Quantitatively abnormal binding to albumin or prealbumin and thyroxin autoantibodies is easily demonstrated by this technique. Normally, less than 6% is bound to albumin, and no binding by prealbumin is detected. In dysalbuminemic hyperthyroxinemia, about 30% of the serum thyroxin is bound to albumin; in prealbumin-associated hyperthyroxinemia, 7% is bound to prealbumin. With this procedure these protein-binding abnormalities can be simply identified, and it may be useful when results of a thyroxin assay are not consistent with results of a sensitive thyrotropin assay or the patient's clinical examination.

Serum Albumin and Other Serum Protein Fractions in Stable Patients on Peritoneal Dialysis

2000 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 703-707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Caravaca ◽  
Manuel Arrobas ◽  
Carmen Dominguez
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Serum Protein ◽  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Electrophoretic Pattern ◽  
Residual Renal Function ◽  
Protein Fractions ◽  
Protein Loss ◽  
Protein Nitrogen ◽  
Baseline Values

Background Hypoalbuminemia is common in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients; but the reduction in serum albumin levels (SAlb) that should be expected in stable PD patients is less clear. Objectives To determine prospectively, in a group of stable PD patients without comorbid conditions, the changes in SAlb concentration and in the concentrations of the other serum protein fractions. To investigate the best determinants of a significant decrease in SAlb levels. Design Prospective observational study. Methods Seventeen PD patients in stable clinical condition, with no signs of systemic inflammatory response, were included in the study. SAlb and the electrophoretic pattern of serum proteins were determined immediately before PD start, and after 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, and 24 months on PD. In each study period, clinical characteristics, adequacy parameters, protein catabolic rate (PNPNA: protein equivalent of non protein nitrogen appearance), and protein losses were determined. Patients were divided into two subgroups according to whether SAlb decreased less than 10%, or 10% or more, from baseline values after 24 months on PD. The main differences between the subgroups were investigated. Results Mean SAlb did not decrease significantly after 24 months on PD (from baseline 3.99 ± 0.46 g/dL to 3.80 ± 0.54 g/dL), though percentage SAlb values did (58.36% ± 5.58% vs 55.15% ± 5.42%, p < 0.01). A weak increase in α2-globulin was observed after 18 months on PD (from 10.62% ± 2.53% to 12.96% ± 2.51%, p = 0.001). α1-Globulin showed a sustained increase from a mean baseline value of 3.51% ± 1.09% to 6.83% ± 2.13% after 24 months ( p < 0.0001). Seven patients had a reduction in SAlb greater than 10% after 24 months on PD. Kt/V urea and residual renal function tended to be lower in patients whose SAlb decreased. Mean PNPNA was significantly lower in patients who had a reduction in SAlb (0.76 ± 0.12 g/kg/day vs 0.96 ± 0.12 g/kg/day, p < 0.0001). However, total protein loss was even greater in patients who had no SAlb reduction. Conclusions After 24 months on PD, a mean reduction in SAlb of 10% – 15% from baseline values should be expected only in those stable patients whose PNPNA is low.

scholarly journals A PHASE RULE STUDY OF THE PROTEINS OF BLOOD SERUM: THE EFFECT OF CHANGES IN CERTAIN VARIABLES

1937 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 859-877
Author(s):  
Eloise Jameson
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Protein Fraction ◽  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Principal Factor ◽  
Protein Fractions ◽  
Solubility Curve ◽  
Phase Rule ◽  
Fresh Serum ◽  
High Concentrations

Changes were studied in the standard solubility curve of fresh serum proteins by alterations in pH, temperature, concentration of protein, and nature of the salt used for precipitation. The principal factor affecting the precipitation of protein fractions was a change in temperature. In order to investigate the proteins in their original states low temperatures are necessary. Protein fraction A is altered by a change in pH and with the use of (NH4)2SO4 as a precipitant, fraction B by a change in pH and temperature, and use of (NH4)2SO4, C by a change in temperature and concentration of the protein, and D by a change in temperature and pH. The solubility of D is independent of the amount of protein in solution in high concentrations of salt.

scholarly journals Blood serum protein in periparturient goats supplemented with various forms of zinc

2016 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 387-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lenka Kudělková ◽  
Leoš Pavlata ◽  
Alena Pechová ◽  
Jaroslav Filípek
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Serum Protein ◽  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Protein Profile ◽  
Electrophoretic Analysis ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Protein Fractions ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Individual Protein ◽  
Group B

The aim of the study was to compare the contents of individual protein fractions determined by electrophoresis in the blood serum of 32 periparturient goats supplemented with various forms of zinc (Zn). Goats were divided into four groups: Group A was a control (without Zn supplementation). The remaining three groups (B, C, D) were supplemented with Zn in various forms. Group B was supplemented with zinc oxide, Group C with zinc lactate, and Group D with zinc chelate. Individual protein fractions (albumins, α1, α2, β1, β2 a γ-globulins) were identified by electrophoretic analysis. All supplemented groups showed the trend of a positive influence of Zn on γG fractions in the serum protein of the goats; this tendency was significant only in Group C. Moreover, Group C had significantly the highest total protein values and albumins. The results indicated that a feed enriched with various forms of Zn had a significant influence on the quantity of individual protein fractions of blood serum. Our results provide new knowledge on the values of individual protein fractions of serum goats and should be taken into consideration when interpreting the serum protein profile with regard to periparturient goats. Furthermore, we showed the possible positive or negative effects on the values of individual fraction on serum proteins with organic and inorganic zinc form supplemented rich in diet.

Cystine in Human Serum Proteins

1956 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam Reiner ◽  
Michael X Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Human Serum ◽  
Serum Protein ◽  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Normal Serum ◽  
The Other ◽  
Protein Fractions ◽  
Human Hemoglobin ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Human Serum Proteins

Abstract 1. The amount of cystine was determined in a number of serum protein fractions separated by the procedure of E. J. Cohn. In albumin, the average value was 6.40 per cent for cystine; for γ-globulin the average value was 1.94 per cent; the other fractions tested were mixtures and varied according to the different globulins present. Globin from human hemoglobin contained 1.90 per cent cystine. 2. Separated fractions from three types of multiple myeloma cases have been presented showing abnormal fractions in the α-, β-, and γregions. The percentage of cystine was determined, and except for the fraction from the "gamma" type of myelomas, which contained 6.15 per cent cystine, the anomalous protein fractions contained about the same amount found in separated fractions of normal serum.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document