scholarly journals Library of Sequence-specific Radioimmunoassays for Human Chromogranin A

1999 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 549-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tine Børglum Jensen ◽  
Linda Hilsted ◽  
Jens F Rehfeld
Keyword(s):  
Carcinoid Tumor ◽  
Neuroendocrine Tumors ◽  
Chromogranin A ◽  
Acidic Protein ◽  
Binding Affinities ◽  
Cleavage Sites ◽  
Tumor Patients ◽  
High Binding ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Different Tissues

Abstract Background: Human chromogranin A (CgA) is an acidic protein widely expressed in neuroendocrine tissue and tumors. The extensive tissue- and tumor-specific cleavages of CgA at basic cleavage sites produce multiple peptides. Methods: We have developed a library of RIAs specific for different epitopes, including the NH2 and COOH termini and three sequences adjacent to dibasic sites in the remaining part of CgA. Results: The antisera raised against CgA(210–222) and CgA(340–348) required a free NH2 terminus for binding. All antisera displayed high titers, high indexes of heterogeneity (∼1.0), and high binding affinities (Keff0 ∼ 0.1 × 1012 to 1.0 × 1012 L/mol), implying that the RIAs were monospecific and sensitive. The concentration of CgA in different tissues varied with the assay used. Hence, in a carcinoid tumor the concentration varied from 0.5 to 34.0 nmol/g tissue depending on the specificity of the CgA assay. The lowest concentration in all tumors was measured with the assay specific for the NH2 terminus of CgA. This is consistent with the relatively low concentrations measured in plasma from carcinoid tumor patients by the N-terminal assay, whereas the assays using antisera raised against CgA(210–222) and CgA(340–348) measured increased concentrations. Conclusion: Only some CgA assays appear useful for diagnosis of neuroendocrine tumors, but the entire library is valuable for studies of the expression and processing of human CgA.

Pre-operative Diagnosis of Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors with Endoscopic Ultrasonography and Computed Tomography in a Large Series

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raffaele Manta ◽  
Elisabetta Nardi ◽  
Nico Pagano ◽  
Claudio Ricci ◽  
Mariano Sica ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Neuroendocrine Tumors ◽  
Endoscopic Ultrasonography ◽  
Fine Needle Aspiration ◽  
Chromogranin A ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Large Series ◽  
Tumor Diameter ◽  
Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors ◽  
Fine Needle

Background & Aims: Diagnosis of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (p-NETs) is frequently challenging. We describe a large series of patients with p-NETs in whom both pre-operative Computed Tomography (CT) and Endoscopic Ultrasonography (EUS) were performed. Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected sporadic p-NET cases. All patients underwent both standard multidetector CT study and EUS with fine-needle aspiration (FNA). The final histological diagnosis was achieved on a post-surgical specimen. Chromogranin A (CgA) levels were measured. Results: A total of 80 patients (mean age: 58 ± 14.2 years; males: 42) were enrolled. The diameter of functioning was significantly lower than that of non-functioning p-NETs (11.2 ± 8.5 mm vs 19.8 ± 12.2 mm; P = 0.0004). The CgA levels were more frequently elevated in non-functioning than functioning pNET patients (71.4% vs 46.9%; P = 0.049). Overall, the CT study detected the lesion in 51 (63.7%) cases, being negative in 26 (68.4%) patients with a tumor ≤10 mm, and in a further 3 (15%) cases with a tumor diameter ≤20 mm. CT overlooked the pancreatic lesion more frequently in patients with functioning than non-functioning p-NETs (46.5% vs 24.3%; P = 0.002). EUS allowed a more precise pre-operative tumor measurement, with an overall incorrect dimension in only 9 (11.2%) patients. Of note, the EUS-guided FNA suspected the neuroendocrine nature of tumor in all cases. Conclusions: Data of this large case series would suggest that the EUS should be included in the diagnostic work-up in all patients with a suspected p-NET, even when the CT study was negative for a primary lesion in the pancreas.– . Abbrevations: CgA: chromogranin A; EUS: Endoscopic Ultrasonography; FNA: fine-needle aspiration; p-NETs: pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.

Quantification of chromogranin A with a surface plasmon resonance-based biosensor

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Xiao ◽  
Yang Tai ◽  
Xin Quan ◽  
Chong Zhao ◽  
Rui Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Plasmon Resonance ◽  
Surface Plasmon ◽  
Neuroendocrine Tumors ◽  
Plasmon Resonance ◽  
Chromogranin A ◽  
Traditional Methods

The chromogranin A (CgA) level in the blood is an important biomarker for neuroendocrine tumors and other diseases. Traditional methods for detecting CgA are expensive and time-consuming with low reproducibility....

Preoperative serum chromogranin-a is predictive of survival in locoregional jejuno-ileal small bowel neuroendocrine tumors

Surgery ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Praveen D. Chatani ◽  
John G. Aversa ◽  
James D. McDonald ◽  
Tahsin M. Khan ◽  
Xavier M. Keutgen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Bowel ◽  
Neuroendocrine Tumors ◽  
Chromogranin A ◽  
Preoperative Serum

Chromogranin a Measurement in Neuroendocrine Tumors

1998 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Ferrari ◽  
E. Seregni ◽  
A. Martinetti ◽  
B Van Graafeiland ◽  
S. Nerini-Molteni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Marker ◽  
Neuroendocrine Tumors ◽  
Chromogranin A ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Proliferative Index ◽  
Favorable Prognosis ◽  
Blood Marker ◽  
Active Substances

Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are rare neoplasms characterized by a low proliferative index and, in some cases, a favorable prognosis. These tumors often overproduce and release biologically active substances that are responsible for severe syndromes. Tumor marker measurement provides the clinician with useful information for the management of NET patients. The substances released by overproducing tumors are currently used as biomarkers, but there is a need for sensitive markers also for the “biochemically silent” NETs. The most effective and reliable blood marker available today is chromogranin A (CgA). Because of its high sensitivity and specificity, this glycoprotein can be used for the diagnosis, prognosis and follow-up of NETs. Furthermore, CgA measurement can be used for monitoring those tumors not overproducing or releasing any hormones or biological amines. This paper is a synthetic review on the value of CgA in NET management and reports our experiences with CgA measurement in NET patients.

scholarly journals Intracellular and extracellular processing of chromogranin A. Determination of cleavage sites

1993 ◽  
Vol 217 (1) ◽  
pp. 247-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Helene METZ-BOUTIGUE ◽  
Pascale GARCIA-SABLONE ◽  
Ruth HOGUE-ANGELETTI ◽  
Dominique AUNIS
Keyword(s):  
Chromogranin A ◽  
Cleavage Sites

A Reference Scale of Cucurbit[7]uril Binding Affinities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad A. Alnajjar ◽  
Werner M Nau ◽  
Andreas Hennig
Keyword(s):  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Binding Affinities ◽  
High Binding ◽  
Reference Scale ◽  
Direct Binding ◽  
Guest Chemistry

The accurate determination of ultra-high binding affinities in supramolecular host-guest chemistry is a challenging endeavour because direct binding titrations are generally limited to affinities <106 M-1 due to sensitivity constraints...

Chromogranin A, neuron specific enolase, carcinoembryonic antigen, and hydroxyindole acetic acid evaluation in patients with neuroendocrine tumors

Cancer ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 86 (5) ◽  
pp. 858-865 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilio Bajetta ◽  
Leonardo Ferrari ◽  
Antonia Martinetti ◽  
Luigi Celio ◽  
Giuseppe Procopio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Carcinoembryonic Antigen ◽  
Neuroendocrine Tumors ◽  
Chromogranin A ◽  
Neuron Specific Enolase

scholarly journals Chromogranin A: From Laboratory to Clinical Aspects of Patients with Neuroendocrine Tumors

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Di Giacinto ◽  
Francesca Rota ◽  
Laura Rizza ◽  
Davide Campana ◽  
Andrea Isidori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuroendocrine Tumors ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Chromogranin A ◽  
Carcinoid Syndrome ◽  
Phase Ii Trial ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Clinical Activity ◽  
Octreotide Lar ◽  
Well Differentiated

Background. Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are characterized by having behavior and prognosis that depend upon tumor histology, primary site, staging, and proliferative index. The symptoms associated with carcinoid syndrome and vasoactive intestinal peptide tumors are treated with octreotide acetate. The PROMID trial assesses the effect of octreotide LAR on the tumor growth in patients with well-differentiated metastatic midgut NETs. The CLARINET trial evaluates the effects of lanreotide in patients with nonfunctional, well-, or moderately differentiated metastatic enteropancreatic NETs. Everolimus has been approved for the treatment of advanced pancreatic NETs (pNETs) based on positive PFS effects, obtained in the treated group. Sunitinib is approved for the treatment of patients with progressive gastrointestinal stromal tumor or intolerance to imatinib, because a randomized study demonstrated that it improves PFS and overall survival in patients with advanced well-differentiated pNETs. In a phase II trial, pasireotide shows efficacy and tolerability in the treatment of patients with advanced NETs, whose symptoms of carcinoid syndrome were resistant to octreotide LAR. An open-label, phase II trial assesses the clinical activity of long-acting repeatable pasireotide in treatment-naive patients with metastatic grade 1 or 2 NETs. Even if the growth of the neoplasm was significantly inhibited, it is still unclear whether its antiproliferative action is greater than that of octreotide and lanreotide. Because new therapeutic options are needed to counter the natural behavior of neuroendocrine tumors, it would also be useful to have a biochemical marker that can be addressed better in the management of these patients. Chromogranin A is currently the most useful biomarker to establish diagnosis and has some utility in predicting disease recurrence, outcome, and efficacy of therapy.

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