Vitamin B12, in Human Blood and Serum

1960 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 578-581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herman Baker ◽  
Oscar Frank ◽  
Inez Pasher ◽  
Harry Sobotka
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Human Blood ◽  
Euglena Gracilis ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Lactobacillus Leichmannii

Abstract A comparison of microbiologic assays for vitamin B12 in whole blood or serum was carried out with four B12-requiring microorganisms, Escherichia coli 113-3, Lactobacillus leichmannii ATCC No. 7839, Euglena gracilis, strain Z, and Ochromonas malhamensis. B12 values in whole blood and serum for normal subjects are given. The value of microbiologic assays is discussed.

scholarly journals An Improved Radioisotope Dilution Assay for Serum Vitamin B12 Using Hemoglobin-coated Charcoal

Blood ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 426-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong K. Liu ◽  
Louis W. Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Pernicious Anemia ◽  
Euglena Gracilis ◽  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Folate Deficiency ◽  
Dilution Assay ◽  
Complete Extraction

Abstract A radioisotope dilution assay for vitamin B12, using hemoglobin-coated charcoal, was modified in several respects, the most prominent of which was the use of cyanide extraction of sera. With these modifications, the B12 levels were significantly higher in sera from normal subjects and patients with folate deficiency, whereas sera from patients with pernicious anemia and other B12-deficient states were only minimally affected. The use of cyanide extraction thus resulted in a clearer differentiation of B12-deficient sera from other sera; all 23 patients with pernicious anemia had B12 levels below 140 pg/ml, whereas all of 85 normal and 218 folate-deficient subjects had B12 levels above 156 pg/ml. The microbiologic assay with Euglena gracilis was similarly affected by cyanide extraction of sera. Thus, it appears that the use of cyanide results in more complete extraction of B12 from serum proteins.

Plasma Thromboplastin Component (Christmas Factor, Factor IX) Levels in Stored Human Blood and Plasma

1960 ◽  
Vol 04 (03) ◽  
pp. 376-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Dieter Geratz ◽  
John B. Graham
Keyword(s):  
Human Plasma ◽  
Human Blood ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Close Agreement ◽  
Factor Ix ◽  
Deficient Patient ◽  
Glass Tubes ◽  
Disodium Hydrogen Citrate ◽  
Bank Blood

Summary1. PTC activity was assayed in 26 units of human plasma prepared from whole blood stored for 3 weeks at 4° C. The plasma had been frozen and stored at — 20° C for additional periods ranging from a few days to 4 months. High PTC activity was still present in the plasma at the end of this period, the activity averaging 95% of normal.2. The PTC activity of 19 samples of “reclaimed“ plasma stored for an additional 6 months at — 20° C decreased by an average of 23%. This decrease was statistically significant.3. Liquid plasma kept at room temperature for 5½—7½ months contained no PTC activity.4. Lyophilized plasma stored at room temperature for 6—8 years contained an average of 30% PTC activity. Lyophilized plasma stored at — 20° C for 4 years contained 68% PTC activity.5. ACD and disodium hydrogen citrate anticoagulant solutions served equally well in preserving PTC activity in whole blood stored in glass tubes over a period of 3 weeks at 4° C.6. “Reclaimed“ plasma from outdated bank blood provided effective hemostasis in two operations for the removal of 20 teeth from a severely PTC-deficient patient.7. The high PTC activity of “reclaimed“ plasma was confirmed by the close agreement between the PTC level expected in a PTC deficient patient after transfusion of such plasma and that observed.

scholarly journals Vitamin B12 and Purine Metabolism in Lactobacillus leichmannii

1963 ◽  
Vol 238 (4) ◽  
pp. 1464-1466
Author(s):  
Gary R. Craven ◽  
Mancourt Downing
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Purine Metabolism ◽  
Lactobacillus Leichmannii

Glucose and Adenosine Triphosphate Level in Normal Subjects

1974 ◽  
Vol 125 (588) ◽  
pp. 459-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Damas Mora ◽  
D. Vlissides ◽  
F. A. Jenner
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Adenosine Triphosphate ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Linus Pauling

In Orthomolecular Psychiatry; Treatment of Schizophrenia, edited by David Hawkins and Linus Pauling (1973), Beebe and Wendel (pp. 278–302) report a high correlation coefficient of r = 0.99 (which we calculate gives N = 42, p very much lower than 0.001) between whole blood glucose and adenosine triphosphate (ATP). This relationship they claim is no longer maintained in schizophrenics with anxiety, r = 0.16 (N = 62, p > 0.1). Erban and Hanzlicek (1966), Hansen (1972) and Hansen and Dimitrakoudi (1974) have suggested a possible significance of whole blood ATP in psychoses, and Naylor, Dick, Dick, Le Poidevin and Whyte (1973) have implicated red cell Na/K ATPases. The mechanisms involved in controlling blood ATP seemed therefore worthy of study especially if they are so dependent on glucose.

An automated centrifugal microfluidic assay for whole blood fractionation and isolation of multiple cell populations using an aqueous two-phase system

Lab on a Chip ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byeong-Ui Moon ◽  
Liviu Clime ◽  
Daniel Brassard ◽  
Alex Boutin ◽  
Jamal Daoud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Blood ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Cell Populations ◽  
Phase System ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Microfluidic Platform ◽  
Aqueous Two Phase System ◽  
Separation Layers ◽  
Multiple Cell ◽  
On Chip

This paper describes an advanced on-chip whole human blood fractionation and cell isolation process combining an aqueous two-phase system to create complex separation layers with a centrifugal microfluidic platform to control and automate the assay.

EFFECTS OF BLOOD CELLS ON PLATELET AGGREGATION BY IMPEDANCE METHOD

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Mannucci ◽  
R Redaelli ◽  
E Tremoll
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Impedance Method ◽  
Induced Aggregation ◽  
Vitro Data ◽  
In Vitro Data

To evaluate the effects of blood cells on the response of platelets to aggregating agents using whole blood impedance aggregometer, studies were carried out on whole blood (WB) of normal subjects and of patients with: polycythemia vera (PV), iatrogenic anemia (IA), primary thrombocytosis (PT), idiopathic thrombotic purpura (ITP), myeloid chronic leukemia (MCL), iatrogenic leukopenia (IL). The in vitro effects of red blood cells (RBC) and of white blood cells (WBC) on platelet rich plasma (PRP) aggregation were also evaluated. WB, PRP, WBC and RBC were prepared by conventional methods. Aggregation was performed using the impedance aggregometer (mod. 540, Chrono Log Corp). In normal subjects the concentration of collagen giving 50 % aggregation (AC50 ) found in PRP did not differ from that of WB, indicating that hematocrit values within the normal range did not appreciably affect platelet aggregation. The results obtained in WB of patients are summarized in the table: In vitro data showed that aggregation in prp in wb of normal subjects was related to the number of platelets present in the sample. RBC added to PRP significant reduced aggregation only when the RBC number was greater than 4.101 cells. No effect of WBC on collagen induced aggregation of PRP was observed, whereas significant inhibition was detected after ADP. It is concluded that the aggregation evaluated in WB with impedance method is dependent on the platelet number. Also, in vitro data and studies in WB of patients indicate that aggregation is significantly affected by the presence of cells other than platelets only in conditions of changes of the ratio between platelets and leukocytes and/or red cells.

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