scholarly journals Conflictive management of small mammals considered as pests: A long way to evidence-based policy making

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 353-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catarina Ferreira ◽  
Miguel Delibes-Mateos
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammal ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Evidence Based Policy ◽  
The World ◽  
Small Mammal Species ◽  
Conservation And Management ◽  
Management Issues

Abstract This paper discusses the controversial management decisions made by policy-makers worldwide regarding poisoning campaigns aimed to control small mammal populations, often considered harmful economic pests. Aside from considerations regarding the biological consequences of these campaigns, we argue that when society rejects all values of science and expertise then only badly supported and negligent decisions will be made about conservation and management issues. The extermination of small mammal species, some of which play crucial ecological roles in several regions of the world, is just an example of such discredit and misinformation. Without a strong commitment towards evidence-based policy-making, economic investments in research and development could be entirely compromised [Current Zoology 58 (2): 353–357, 2012].

scholarly journals Why policy needs history (and historians)

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 369-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia Berridge
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Time History ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Direct Relevance ◽  
The Past ◽  
Evidence Based Policy ◽  
Fresh Starts ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractPolicy makers like the idea of new initiatives and fresh starts, unencumbered by, even actively overthrowing, what has been done in the past. At the same time, history can be pigeonholed as fusty and antiquarian, dealing with long past events of no relevance to the present. Academic historians are sometimes bound up in their own worlds. The debates central to academe may have little direct relevance to the immediate concerns of policy making. The paper argues that history, as the evidence-based discipline par excellence, is as relevant as other approaches to evidence-based policy making. Case studies can show us the nature of that relevance. How to achieve influence for history also needs discussion. The relationship is not straightforward and will vary according to time and place. History is an interpretative discipline, not just a collection of ‘facts’. The paper discusses how historians work and why it is important for policy makers to engage, not just with history, but with historians as well. Historians too need to think about the value of bringing their analysis into policy.

scholarly journals INDIGENOUS PEOPLE IN THEIR EXISTENCE OF IN EVIDENCE-BASED POLICY MAKING BY GOVERNMENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1344-1348
Author(s):  
Revency Vania Rugebregt ◽  
M.J. Saptenno ◽  
J. Tjiptabudy
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous People ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Vulnerable Group ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Remote Areas ◽  
Evidence Based Policy ◽  
Laws And Regulations

Indigenous Peoples are a problem that is relatively unknown to the wider community because they are located in remote areas, and only certain areas have Indigenous Peoples problems. They are a very vulnerable group in our society and in the country in general. This happens because they lack access to development and even their rights tend to be neglected. Apart from that, the alignment of the constitution with them in the laws and regulations is not in line with the practice in the field. This research uses the normative research method where the conceptual and statutory approaches are used, but also the legal materials that are obtained in the field will also be input in this research. It is hoped that this research can contribute ideas to policy makers so that it becomes a recommendation for making policies based on conditions in the field or evidence (evidence-based policies).

scholarly journals Why do we need for timeliness of research in decision-making?

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
J de Jong ◽  
J Hansen ◽  
P Groenewegen
Keyword(s):  
Policy Process ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Research Evidence ◽  
Research Policy ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Evidence Based Policy ◽  
Research And Policy ◽  
Support Evidence

Abstract Background Compared to the policy process, the research process is slow. As a result, research evidence is not always available when needed in the policy process. These differences in timelines between research and policy hinder the use of research evidence in the policy process. In order to support evidence-based policy making, timeliness of research is important. Methods Examples are provided, e.g. where research was on time to be included in the policy process and where research was too late to be included in it. These examples are described and analysed to provide for recommendations on how to better align both processes. Results It is shown that in order to create timeliness of research, policy makers and researchers should talk on a regular basis. This increases the chance that results from the research are included in policy making. Conclusions Timeliness of research is important for evidence-based policy making. In order to create timeliness of research, interaction between researchers and policy makers is important.

Poll Workers

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alistair Clark ◽  
Toby S. James
Keyword(s):  
Policy Making ◽  
General Election ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Electoral Process ◽  
Evidence Based Policy ◽  
The World ◽  
Electoral Management Bodies

Electoral malpractices are commonly thought to occur in polling stations. This chapter makes the normative case for electoral management bodies (EMBs) around the world routinely using poll worker surveys. These surveys provide concrete sources of information about the extent and nature of any problems in the electoral process. Accusations by partisan actors can therefore be readily tested and challenged. Poll worker surveys can therefore increase the transparency of EMBs and the electoral process. They also increase opportunities for evidence based policy making in electoral management. Their usefulness is demonstrated through the first-ever non-US poll worker survey which was undertaken in Britain at the 2015 general election. This survey (n = 1,321) contradicted the existing literature on electoral administration in Britain in a number of ways.

Beyond ‘evidence-based policy’ in a ‘post-truth’ world: the role of ideas in public health policy

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine E. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Public Health Policy ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Public Health Policies ◽  
Evidence Based Policy ◽  
Cultural Gaps

This chapter discusses the role of ideas in policy making. The existence of conflicts between evidence-based and ideological approaches to politically contentious issues is widely recognised. However, for policy issues — such as public health — in which there seems to be rather more of a consensus about the overarching objectives, it seems less obvious how or why ‘politics’ might obstruct the use of evidence within policy making. Indeed, the majority of civil servants and politicians in a post-1997 UK context have signed up to taking an evidence-based approach to improving population health and reducing health inequalities. The existence of such a cross-sector consensus suggests that public heath might be one area in which evidence-based policy and practice are feasible. Yet, disappointingly, most assessments of public health policies continue to conclude that they are not evidence-based. A popular explanation for this disjuncture is that it results from communicative, institutional, and cultural gaps between researchers and policy makers.

Organised Chaos: An Interpretive Approach to Evidence-Based Policy Making in Defra

2010 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 959-977 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katy Wilkinson
Keyword(s):  
Policy Making ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Policy Outcomes ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Socially Constructed ◽  
Evidence Based Policy ◽  
Scientific Experts ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Modes Of Ordering

The Department of Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) has been heavily criticised for its handling of disease outbreaks in recent years by analysts who compare the conduct of officials with the model of evidence-based policy making, finding fault in their use of advisers or decision-making processes. In this article, I take an alternative approach to policy analysis, based on ethnographic research in the department. I explore the day-to-day interactions between scientific experts and policy makers in Defra to understand why policy making takes the form it does and how scientists negotiate their position within this process. I argue that policy making in Defra is organised by socially constructed narratives that help officials and advisers to make sense of their roles in the policy-making process. Drawing on insights from organisational sociology, I analyse the ways in which Defra officials talk about their responsibilities and understanding of their roles. These narratives act as ‘modes of ordering’ that bring about organisational realities by structuring their relationships, influencing the way they use scientific advice and consequently affecting policy outcomes. I outline three modes of ordering that can be identified in Defra – rationalism, bureaucracy and expediency – and demonstrate that they correspond to three complementary images of evidence-based policy making.

Long-term stress level in a small mammal species undergoing range expansion

Mammalia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrien André ◽  
Johan Michaux ◽  
Jorge Gaitan ◽  
Virginie Millien
Keyword(s):  
Stress Level ◽  
Species Distribution ◽  
Small Mammal ◽  
Range Expansion ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Distribution Ranges ◽  
Northern Edge ◽  
Small Mammal Species ◽  
White Footed Mouse

Abstract Rapid climate change is currently altering species distribution ranges. Evaluating the long-term stress level in wild species undergoing range expansion may help better understanding how species cope with the changing environment. Here, we focused on the white-footed mouse (Peromyscus leucopus), a widespread small mammal species in North-America whose distribution range is rapidly shifting northward. We evaluated long-term stress level in several populations of P. leucopus in Quebec (Canada), from the northern edge of the species distribution to more core populations in Southern Quebec. We first tested the hypothesis that populations at the range margin are under higher stress than more established populations in the southern region of our study area. We then compared four measures of long-term stress level to evaluate the congruence between these commonly used methods. We did not detect any significant geographical trend in stress level across our study populations of P. leucopus. Most notably, we found no clear congruence between the four measures of stress level we used, and conclude that these four commonly used methods are not equivalent, thereby not comparable across studies.

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