scholarly journals Mosaic Tetrasomy 9p Associated With Inflammatory Bowel Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1474-1478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Sifuentes-Dominguez ◽  
Petro Starokadomskyy ◽  
Jacob Welch ◽  
Bhaskar Gurram ◽  
Jason Y Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Type I Interferon ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Genomic Region ◽  
Chromosome 9 ◽  
Type I ◽  
First Case ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Abstract The genetic basis of inflammatory bowel disease remains to be elucidated completely. Here we report on a patient with inflammatory bowel disease who has mosaic tetrasomy of the short arm of chromosome 9, a genomic region that harbours the type I interferon gene cluster. We show that increased interferon activation is present in peripheral blood and intestinal tissue from this patient, similar to previous reports of autoinflammatory organ damage driven by interferon activation in other patients with this chromosomal abnormality. To our knowledge, this is the first case of tetrasomy 9p-associated interferonopathy driving intestinal inflammation and highlights the role that type-I interferon pathways can play in the pathogenesis of intestinal inflammation.

scholarly journals The food additive EDTA aggravates colitis and colon carcinogenesis in mouse models

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rayko Evstatiev ◽  
Adam Cervenka ◽  
Tina Austerlitz ◽  
Gunther Deim ◽  
Maximilian Baumgartner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Mouse Models ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Colorectal Carcinogenesis ◽  
Testing Procedures ◽  
Inflammatory Models ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

AbstractInflammatory bowel disease is a group of conditions with rising incidence caused by genetic and environmental factors including diet. The chelator ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA) is widely used by the food and pharmaceutical industry among numerous other applications, leading to a considerable environmental exposure. Numerous safety studies in healthy animals have revealed no relevant toxicity by EDTA. Here we show that, in the presence of intestinal inflammation, EDTA is surprisingly capable of massively exacerbating inflammation and even inducing colorectal carcinogenesis at doses that are presumed to be safe. This toxicity is evident in two biologically different mouse models of inflammatory bowel disease, the AOM/DSS and the IL10−/− model. The mechanism of this effect may be attributed to disruption of intercellular contacts as demonstrated by in vivo confocal endomicroscopy, electron microscopy and cell culture studies. Our findings add EDTA to the list of food additives that might be detrimental in the presence of intestinal inflammation, but the toxicity of which may have been missed by regulatory safety testing procedures that utilize only healthy models. We conclude that the current use of EDTA especially in food and pharmaceuticals should be reconsidered. Moreover, we suggest that intestinal inflammatory models should be implemented in the testing of food additives to account for the exposure of this primary organ to environmental and dietary stress.

NOD-Like Receptors: Guardians of Intestinal Mucosal Barriers

Physiology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne-Kathrin Claes ◽  
Jun Yu Zhou ◽  
Dana J. Philpott
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Pattern Recognition ◽  
Potential Function ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Immune Defense ◽  
Intestinal Infections ◽  
Gut Homeostasis ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

The NOD-like receptors (NLRs) are cytosolic pattern-recognition receptors, which are critically involved in mucosal immune defense. The association of the NLR, NOD2, with inflammatory bowel disease first pointed to the NLRs potential function as guardians of the intestinal barrier. Since then, several studies have emphasized the importance of NLRs in maintaining gut homeostasis and intestinal infections, and in shaping the microbiota. In this review, we will highlight the function of NLRs in intestinal inflammation.

Obesity and inflammatory bowel disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-28
Author(s):  
Vladimír Teplan ◽  
Milan Lukáš
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Perioperative Complications ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

The incidence and prevalence of overweight and obesity has dramatically increased in the last decades and is generally considered to be global pandemics. The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is rising parallel with overweight and obesity. Contrary to a conventional believe, about 15–40% patients with IBD are obese, which can contribute to the development and course of IBD, especially in Crohn’s disease. Although the findings of some cohort studies are still conflicting, recent results indicate a special role of visceral adipose tissue and particularly mesenteric adipose tissue known as creeping fat, leading to intestinal inflammation. The involvement of altered adipocyte function and deregulated production of adipokines such as leptin and adiponectin has been suggested in the pathogenesis of IBD. The emerging role of Western diet and microbiota can also open new possibilities in IBD management. The effect of obesity on the IBD-related therapy remains to be studied. The finding that obesity results in suboptimal response to the therapy, potentially promoting rapid clearance of biologic agents and thus leading to their low concentrations, has a great importance. Obesity also makes IBD colorectal surgery technically challenging and might increase a risk of perioperative complications.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document