P1602 An adult with mitochondrial cardiomyopathy
Abstract Introduction Mitochondrial diseases are a group of rare inherited disorders with diverse phenotypes that are caused by mutation in nuclear or mitochondrial DNA. The prevalence of mitochondrial disease is estimated to be one in 5000 livebirths. The heart depends mainly on the energy produced through aerobic respiration and hence cardiac involvement is common, progressive and its presence is an independent predictor of mortality in patients with mitochondrial disease and may occur as the principal clinical manifestation or part of a multisystem disease. Case report We present a 31 years old lady who was referred to our hospital with a newly diagnosed hypertension and non-specific ECG changes. The patient had no shortness of breath, no palpitation and no chest pain. She was overweight and had short stature. Her blood pressure was elevated 155/90. There was no signs of heart failure and no murmurs on auscultation of the heart and lung. Her ECG showed sinus bradycardia 55-60 b/min, ST segment elevation in the anterior chest leads with non-specific widespread t wave inversion. An Echocardiogram was done and showed concentric left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) at 1.5 cm with speckling and granite-like appearance of the myocardium with no LV out flow tract (LVOT) obstruction and with normal systolic function and no significant valvular disease. A cardiac MRI was done and showed mildly dilated LV with normal geometry, normal systolic function, concentric LV hypertrophy with papillary muscles hypertrophy, relative sparing of the apical segments and with no LVOT flow acceleration and no late gadolinium enhancement. Our patient had mild hearing loss which is maternally inherited with her mother and her maternal uncle had cochlear implants. She also had borderline diabetes mellitus and she was also found to have the m.3243 > G mutation suggesting a mitochondrial disorder . A diagnosis of mitochondrial cardiomyopathy was made and the patient was started on an antihypertensive and planned to have regular cardiology clinic follow up. Conclusion Hypertrophic remodelling is the dominant pattern of cardiomyopathy in all forms of mitochondrial disease; occurring in up to 40% of patients and its presence is associated with higher mortality. The severity can vary from asymptomatic as in our patient to severe heart failure with acute decompensation that can occur with metabolic disorders or general illnesses. Treatment of mitochondrial disorders is mainly symptomatic with no curative therapy available. We aimed at increasing awareness of this rare disease. Abstract P1602 Figure.