Long-term effects of Herbst treatment in relation to normal growth development: a cephalometric study

ABSTRACT Objectives To evaluate nasal soft and hard tissue changes immediately post–rapid maxillary expansion (RME) and to assess the stability of these changes using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods A total of 35 treatment group (TG) patients (18 girls, 17 boys; 9.39 ± 1.4) had a pre-RME CBCT and a post-RME CBCT approximately 66 days after expansion, and 25 patients had a follow-up CBCT 2.84 years later. A total of 28 control group (CG; no RME) patients (16 girls, 12 boys; 8.81 ± 1.6) had an initial CBCT and a CBCT an average of 2.25 years later. Soft and hard tissue nasal landmarks were measured in transverse, sagittal, and coronal planes of space on CBCT scans. Differences within the same group were evaluated by paired t-tests or Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. Long-term comparisons between TG and CG were evaluated by independent-sample t-tests or Wilcoxon rank-sum tests. Results Immediately post-RME, there were statistically significant mean increases of 1.6 mm of alar base width, 1.77 mm of pyriform height, and 3.57 mm of pyriform width (P < .05). CG showed the significant increases over 2.25 years (P < .001). Compared with CG, the long-term evaluation of TG demonstrated only pyriform height and pyriform width showed a statistically significant difference (P < .01). Conclusions Although RME produced some significant increase on the nasal soft tissue immediately after expansion, it regressed to the mean of normal growth and development over time. However, long-term evaluation of TG compared with CG showed only pyriform height and pyriform width to be affected by RME.

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The Embodiment of War: Growth, Development, and Armed Conflict

Annual Review of Anthropology ◽

10.1146/annurev-anthro-102218-011208 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 48 (1) ◽

pp. 423-442

Author(s):

Patrick F. Clarkin

Keyword(s):

Infectious Disease ◽

Growth Rates ◽

Early Life ◽

Armed Conflict ◽

Psychological Trauma ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

The Past ◽

Biological Perspective ◽

Growth Development

Armed conflict regularly presents extremely adverse circumstances not only for combatants, but also for civilians. In fact, estimates from various wars over the past 70 years suggest that noncombatants comprise the majority of casualties. For survivors, war's effects are often embodied, leaving long-term effects on health and biology. Some of these effects, such as injuries and psychological trauma, are well known. Yet other effects may be subtle and may be elucidated by a developmental biological perspective. In early life, when growth rates are highest, conditions of war may have their greatest impact. Depending on local circumstances, a developing embryo, infant, or child growing in a place embroiled in armed conflict is likely to face—directly or indirectly—various stressors, including malnutrition, infectious disease, and/or psychological stress. Thus, the conditions of war and forced displacement may become embodied, getting under the skin for fundamental biological reasons.

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Clinical review of febrile seizure and updates

Karnataka Pediatric Journal ◽

10.25259/kpj_37_2020 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 36 ◽

pp. 3-12

Author(s):

Mohammad Monir Hossain ◽

Narayan Chandra Saha

Keyword(s):

Febrile Seizure ◽

Growth And Development ◽

Clinical Presentation ◽

Normal Growth ◽

School Age ◽

Clinical Scenario ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Proper Diagnosis ◽

Management Issues

Febrile seizure (FS) is one of the most common seizures seen in infant and pre-school age. There are two types of FSs, simple and complex. Simple FS are commonly benign, but complex FS have long-term effects. Most children with FS have normal growth and development after the attack; however, recent evidences suggest that a small group of children presenting fever with seizure may subsequently develop epilepsy or recurrent seizures. Diagnosis is mainly based on clinical presentation, electroencephalogram, lumbar puncture, and neuroimaging, which can be applied based on clinical scenario, but not routinely. Treatment is principally acute management of seizure along with address of underlying etiology and intermediate prophylaxis for preventing further attack. Pediatrician should be familiar with the proper diagnosis and management of this condition. This review will highlight an update on the current diagnostic and management issues of FS.

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Long-term effects of antibiotics, norfloxacin, and sulfamethoxazole, in a partial life-cycle study with zebrafish (Danio rerio): effects on growth, development, and reproduction

Environmental Science and Pollution Research ◽

10.1007/s11356-016-7018-1 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 23 (18) ◽

pp. 18222-18228 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Zhenhua Yan ◽

Guanghua Lu ◽

Qiuxia Ye ◽

Jianchao Liu

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle ◽

Danio Rerio ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Life Cycle Study ◽

Growth Development

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Ovarian Dysfunction in Fetally Irradiated Beagles

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100080717 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 35 ◽

pp. 658-659

Author(s):

T. M. Seed ◽

M. H. Sanderson ◽

D. L. Gutzeit ◽

T. E. Fritz ◽

D. V. Tolle ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gamma Rays ◽

Low Dose ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Ovarian Dysfunction ◽

Dose Rates ◽

Highly Sensitive ◽

Microscopic Evaluation ◽

Ovarian Pathology ◽

Normal Offspring

The developing mammalian fetus is thought to be highly sensitive to ionizing radiation. However, dose, dose-rate relationships are not well established, especially the long term effects of protracted, low-dose exposure. A previous report (1) has indicated that bred beagle bitches exposed to daily doses of 5 to 35 R 60Co gamma rays throughout gestation can produce viable, seemingly normal offspring. Puppies irradiated in utero are distinguishable from controls only by their smaller size, dental abnormalities, and, in adulthood, by their inability to bear young.We report here our preliminary microscopic evaluation of ovarian pathology in young pups continuously irradiated throughout gestation at daily (22 h/day) dose rates of either 0.4, 1.0, 2.5, or 5.0 R/day of gamma rays from an attenuated 60Co source. Pups from non-irradiated bitches served as controls. Experimental animals were evaluated clinically and hematologically (control + 5.0 R/day pups) at regular intervals.

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Ultrastructural investigations of MDL 19,660-induced effects on the canine platelet and megakaryocyte

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100159412 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 48 (3) ◽

pp. 374-375

Author(s):

D.E. Loudy ◽

J. Sprinkle-Cavallo ◽

J.T. Yarrington ◽

F.Y. Thompson ◽

J.P. Gibson

Keyword(s):

Antidepressant Drug ◽

Beagle Dogs ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Short Term ◽

Platelet Counts ◽

Toxicological Studies ◽

Induced Aggregation ◽

Internal Architecture

Previous short term toxicological studies of one to two weeks duration have demonstrated that MDL 19,660 (5-(4-chlorophenyl)-2,4-dihydro-2,4-dimethyl-3Hl, 2,4-triazole-3-thione), an antidepressant drug, causes a dose-related thrombocytopenia in dogs. Platelet counts started to decline after two days of dosing with 30 mg/kg/day and continued to decrease to their lowest levels by 5-7 days. The loss in platelets was primarily of the small discoid subpopulation. In vitro studies have also indicated that MDL 19,660: does not spontaneously aggregate canine platelets and has moderate antiaggregating properties by inhibiting ADP-induced aggregation. The objectives of the present investigation of MDL 19,660 were to evaluate ultrastructurally long term effects on platelet internal architecture and changes in subpopulations of platelets and megakaryocytes.Nine male and nine female beagle dogs were divided equally into three groups and were administered orally 0, 15, or 30 mg/kg/day of MDL 19,660 for three months. Compared to a control platelet range of 353,000- 452,000/μl, a doserelated thrombocytopenia reached a maximum severity of an average of 135,000/μl for the 15 mg/kg/day dogs after two weeks and 81,000/μl for the 30 mg/kg/day dogs after one week.

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