Predictors of disability pension in long-term sickness absence: Results from a population-based and prospective study in Norway 1994-1999

Abstract Purpose To investigate associations between social benefits and disability pension (DP), long-term sickness absence (LTSA, ≥ 90 days), or unemployment among Swedish twins with sickness absence (SA) due to mental diagnoses. Methods This population-based prospective twin study included register data on first incident SA spell (< 90 days) due to mental diagnoses (ICD 10 codes F00-F99) during the follow-up 2005–2016. SA < 90 days due to other diagnoses than mental diagnoses or any other social insurance benefit was identified for the preceding year of the first incident SA spell due to mental diagnoses (coded yes/no). Comparing those with any previous social benefits vs without, cumulative incidence curve to compare time to an event, and Cox proportional hazards models for cause-specific hazard ratios (HR, 95% confidence intervals, CI) treating first incident DP, LTSA and unemployment as competing risks were modeled. Results During follow-up, 21 DP, 1619 LTSA, and 808 unemployment events took place. Compared to those without, those with at least one benefit had a higher risk for DP (HR 5.03; 95%CI 1.80, 14.01), LTSA (1.67; 1.50, 1.84) and unemployment (1.24; 1.03, 1.50). The cumulative incidence for DP was very low, < 1%, for LTSA 80% with any previous social benefits vs. 60% without, and for unemployment ≤ 5%. Conclusion Social benefits received during the preceding year of SA due to mental diagnoses (< 90 days) predict DP, LTSA, and unemployment. Hence, previous social benefits may provide means for early identification of persons at risk for exit from labor market.

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Long-term sickness absence and disability pension with psychiatric diagnoses: A population-based cohort study

Nordic Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1080/08039480801984024 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 62 (4) ◽

pp. 294-301 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

Sturla Gjesdal ◽

Peder R. Ringdal ◽

Kjell Haug ◽

John Gunnar Mæland

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Sickness Absence ◽

Disability Pension ◽

Population Based ◽

Psychiatric Diagnoses

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Trajectories of sickness absence and disability pension in colorectal cancer: a Swedish cohort study

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckaa165.697 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽

Author(s):

L Chen ◽

K Alexanderson

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Sickness Absence ◽

Educational Level ◽

Disability Pension ◽

Population Based ◽

Work Situation ◽

Working Age ◽

Future Work ◽

Very High

Abstract Background Working-aged colorectal cancer (CRC) patients have a much better survival nowadays, indicating the importance of their future work situation. We aimed to investigate trajectories of sickness absence and disability pension (SADP) days before and after CRC diagnosis and in references, and risk factors associated with different trajectories. Methods A longitudinal, population-based matched cohort study of 4735 CRC survivors in Sweden aged 19-62 when first diagnosed with CRC in 2008-2011, and 18,230 matched references was conducted, using microdata linked from several nationwide registers. The annual SADP net days for 2 years before through 5 years after diagnosis date were computed. A group-based trajectory model was used to depict SADP trajectories. Associations between trajectory membership, and sociodemographic and clinical variables were tested by chi2 test and multinomial logistic regression. Results Four trajectories of SADP days/year for CRC survivors were identified: “only increase around diagnosis” (52% of all, n = 2481), “slight increase after diagnosis” (27%), “high then decrease moderately after diagnosis” (13%), and “constantly very high” (8%). Educational level (R2=0.022), Charlson's Comorbidity Index (R2=0.029), and prediagnostic mental disorders (R2=0.066) were the strongest factors determining the SADP trajectory groups. In references, three trajectories (”constantly low” (80% of all), “constantly moderate and decrease gradually” (12%), and “very high then decrease overtime” (8%)) were identified. Conclusions Approximately 80% of CRC survivors return to a low level of SADP (0-60 days/year) at 5 years postdiagnosis. Prediagnostic status of mental disorders, somatic comorbidity, and low educational level are good indicators of future high SADP levels for CRC survivors. Key messages Most of working-age colorectal cancer survivors have low levels of sickness absence and disability pension days five years after their diagnosis. Trajectory analyses based on population-based register data can be used as a good approach in understanding future work situation regarding sick leave among working-age cancer survivors.

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Future risk for disability pension among people with sickness absence due to otoaudiological diagnoses: a population-based cohort study with a 12-year follow-up

Scandinavian Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1177/1403494811399652 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 39 (5) ◽

pp. 501-507 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Klas Gustafsson ◽

Gunnel Backenroth-Ohsako ◽

Ulf Rosenhall ◽

Elisabeth Ternevall-Kjerulf ◽

Mats Ulfendahl ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Sickness Absence ◽

Disability Pension ◽

Population Based ◽

Future Risk ◽

Risk For Disability

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Associations of sickness absence and disability pension due to mental and somatic diagnoses when aged 60–64 with paid work after the standard retirement age; a prospective population-based cohort study in Sweden

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-021-12382-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Aleksiina Martikainen ◽

Alice Svensson Alavi ◽

Kristina Alexanderson ◽

Kristin Farrants

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Sickness Absence ◽

Disability Pension ◽

Sociodemographic Factors ◽

Population Based ◽

Outcome Variable ◽

Retirement Age ◽

Paid Work ◽

Diagnosis Group ◽

Lower Likelihood

Abstract Background The proportion of people working beyond age 65 is increasing. We aimed to explore whether sickness absence (SA) and disability pension (DP) due to mental, somatic, or both diagnoses when aged 60–64 were associated with being in paid work when aged 66–71. Methods This prospective population-based cohort study included all 98,551 individuals who in 2010 turned 65 years, lived in Sweden, and were in paid work at some point when aged 60–64. Data from three nationwide registers were used with 2010 as baseline, with SA or/and DP as the exposure variables (2005–2009) and paid work as the outcome variable (2011–2016). Logistic regression was conducted to calculate odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between exposures and outcome, controlling for sociodemographic factors. The analyses were also stratified by sex. Results Nearly half were in paid work during follow-up. Those with SA due to mental diagnoses had lower likelihood of being in paid work among both sexes (women OR: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.69–0.84; men 0.74; 0.65–0.84), while this association was smaller for SA due to somatic diagnoses (women 0.87; 0.84–0.91; men 0.92; 0.89–0.96). SA due to both mental and somatic diagnoses was associated with a lower likelihood of paid work for men (0.77; 0.65–0.91), but not women (0.98; 0.88–1.09). Regardless of diagnosis group and sex, DP had the strongest association with not being in paid work (women mental DP 0.39; 0.34–0.45; women somatic DP 0.38; 0.35–0.41; women mental and somatic DP 0.28; 0.15–0.56; men mental DP 0.36; 0.29–0.43; men somatic DP 0.35; 0.32–0.38; men mental and somatic DP 0.22; 0.10–0.51). Combined SA and/or DP demonstrated ORs in-between the diagnosis groups of SA and DP alone (e.g., mental SA and/or DP women and men combined 0.61; 0.57–0.65). Conclusions SA and DP were negatively associated with being in paid work after the standard retirement age of 65. The association was especially strong for DP, irrespective of diagnosis group. Moreover, compared to somatic diagnoses, SA due to mental diagnoses had a stronger association with not being in paid work. More knowledge is needed on how mental SA impedes extending working life.

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Work ability score and future work ability as predictors of register-based disability pension and long-term sickness absence: A three-year follow-up study

Scandinavian Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1177/1403494817745190 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 46 (3) ◽

pp. 321-330 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Ulla Kinnunen ◽

Jouko Nätti

Keyword(s):

Sickness Absence ◽

Work Ability ◽

Disability Pension ◽

Negative Binomial ◽

Work Ability Index ◽

Rate Ratios ◽

Future Work ◽

Work Ability Score

Aims: We investigated two single items of the Work Ability Index – work ability score, and future work ability – as predictors of register-based disability pension and long-term sickness absence over a three-year follow-up. Methods: Survey responses of 11,131 Finnish employees were linked to pension and long-term (more than 10 days) sickness absence register data by Statistics Finland. Work ability score was divided into poor (0–5), moderate (6–7) and good/excellent (8–10) and future work ability into poor (1–2) and good (3) work ability at baseline. Cox proportional hazard regressions were used in the analysis of disability pension, and a negative binomial model in the analysis of long-term sickness absence. The results were adjusted for several background, work- and health-related covariates. Results: Compared with those with good/excellent work ability scores, the hazard ratios of disability pension after adjusting for all covariates were 9.84 (95% CI 6.68–14.49) for poor and 2.25 (CI 95% 1.51–3.35) for moderate work ability score. For future work ability, the hazard ratio was 8.19 (95% CI 4.71–14.23) among those with poor future work ability. The incidence rate ratios of accumulated long-term sickness absence days were 3.08 (95% CI 2.19–4.32) and 1.59 (95% CI 1.32–1.92) for poor and moderate work ability scores, and 1.51 (95% CI 0.97–2.36) for poor future work ability. Conclusions: The single items of work ability score and future work ability predicted register-based disability pension equally well, but work ability score was a better predictor of register-based long-term sickness absence days than future work ability in a three-year follow-up. Both items seem to be of use especially when examining the risk of poor work ability for disability but also for long sick leave.

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Age, period, and cohort effects for future employment, sickness absence, and disability pension by occupational gender segregation: a population-based study of all employed people in a country (> 3 million)

Can J Public Health ◽

10.17269/s41997-019-00216-1 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 110 (5) ◽

pp. 584-594 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Lena Gonäs ◽

Anders Wikman ◽

Kristina Alexanderson ◽

Klas Gustafsson

Keyword(s):

Sickness Absence ◽

Disability Pension ◽

Population Based ◽

Gender Segregation ◽

Cohort Effects ◽

Population Based Study ◽

Occupational Gender ◽

Occupational Gender Segregation

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Sleep disturbance and work-related mental strain: A national prospective cohort study of the prediction of subsequent long-term sickness absence, disability pension and mortality

Scandinavian Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1177/1403494820911813 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 48 (8) ◽

pp. 888-895

Author(s):

Torbjörn Åkerstedt ◽

Ellenor Mittendorfer-Rutz ◽

Syed Rahman

Keyword(s):

Sleep Disturbance ◽

Sickness Absence ◽

Work Disability ◽

Disability Pension ◽

Sleep Disturbances ◽

Workplace Stress ◽

Mental Strain ◽

Work Related ◽

Synergy Effects

Aims: Sleep disturbances and work-related mental strain are linked to increased sickness absence and disability pension (DP), but we have no information on synergy effects. The aim of this study was to examine the combined (and separate) association of the two predictors with subsequent long-term work disability and mortality. Methods: A total of 45,498 participants aged 16–64 years were interviewed in the Swedish Surveys of Living Conditions between 1997 and 2013, and were followed up on long-term sickness absence (LTSA; >90 days/year), DP and mortality via national registers until 2016. Crude and multivariable Cox analyses were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: For LTSA, the HRs for sleep disturbances and work-related mental strain were 1.6 (95% CI 1.5–1.7) and 1.3 (95% CI 1.2–1.4), respectively. For DP, the HRs were 2.0 (95% CI 1.8–2.2) and 1.4 (95% CI 1.2–1.5). Mortality was only predicted by sleep disturbances (HR=1.2, 95% CI 1.1–1.4). No synergy effect was seen. Conclusions: Work-related mental strain and, in particular, sleep disturbances were associated with a higher risk of subsequent LTSA and DP, but without synergy effects. Sleep disturbances were also associated with mortality. Exposure to interventions tackling sleep disturbance and prevention of workplace stress may reduce work disability.

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